Stem Cell Therapy: Sources, Reprogramming Process, and Biomimetic Scaffolding

STEM CELL THERAPY
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Introduction
 Stem cell are widely used in regenerative medicine, hence stem cell
therapy.
 SC therapy entails reprogramming and transplantation of ESC, NSC, iPSCs.
 SC therapy exploits the regenerative, renewal and development of the
stem cells to remedy damaged tissues and organs. Therefore, used in
treatment of degenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis (Rusu et al.,
2016).
 The sources of the SCs include; hematopoietic, mesenchymal, epithelial
and neural cells (Liu et al., 2016).
 The iPSCs are manipulated in vitro differentiating into desired cell types.

The ESCs
They are primary sources of SCs due to their pluripotency (Rusu et al., 2016).
Pluripotency is the ability to proliferate and transform cells into somatic cells.
Obtained from early phases of a developing embryo.
Also, from the inner mass of cells of an embryo
Have the ability to form the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm of the germ cell.
Applied in treatment of neurological disorders and pancreatic problems.
Ethical issue: May initiate formation of tumor cells called teratoma
Limitation: Immunogenicity during transplant