Stroke Prevention and Recovery Strategies

This assignment delves into the multifaceted aspects of stroke, focusing on prevention strategies, research priorities, and culturally appropriate interventions within Indigenous communities. It examines various research articles that highlight the prevalence of stroke, disparities among Indigenous populations, and effective exercise programs for improving health outcomes after a stroke. The assignment also emphasizes the importance of involving stroke survivors, caregivers, and healthcare professionals in shaping research priorities.

Stroke

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ESSAY.............................................................................................................................................1
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

ESSAY
Evidences are the best available resources that benefits in enhancing nursing practices
which supports individual in attaining their livelihood. Adoption of robust scholarly methods can
enhance knowledge among nurses and healthcare professional to provide effective services to
patients (Bray and et. al., 2014). This further improvise decision making skills, clinical practices
etc. among nurses which benefits patients as well as their family members. Following research
has been conducted for analyzing the issues or problems which brings cardiovascular health
issues among humans of every age.
Planning, cooperation and care are some factors that need to be adopted to eradicate
health problems in nursing. This has significantly determined emergence of issues related to
terrorism, global warming, infectious diseases and many other problems (Katzenellenbogen and
et. al., 2014). Nurses create positive impact in overcoming those issues by enabling concerns
regarding patients, communities and families. It is crucially adopted because it focuses mainly on
eradicating risk factors of cardiovascular diseases prevailing within men and women worldwide.
Such diseases are chronic and CVD risk factors which are reduced about 25% in the future.
Nurses are further practicing effective role in managing every cardiovascular risk factors
that are occurring due to diabetes, smoking, lipids, chronic conditions, hypertension's, heart
failures etc. Further, they play significant role in reducing mobility and mortality by adopting
treatment guidelines as well as relevant protocols (Dobrzykowski, McFadden and Vonderembse,
2016). This initiates cost-effectiveness and positive outcomes regarding issues that are developed
under stroke risks in every community of Australia. Cardiovascular-nursing association has
moreover established committee to promote cardiovascular heath for. Nurses play a significant
role under this aspect by analyzing income rate of every individual or groups and generates
equality among them by providing equal quality services to each patient to eradicate
discrimination.
Nursing practices has adopted new technologies, improvement in initiatives and effective
services to users for removing every barrier that are prevailing in healthcare services. Further,
master plan is developed to educate every nurse or health-care persons to enhance their
knowledge regarding cardiovascular health issues and strokes prevention worldwide (Parahoo,
2014). Thus, the above study reflects that nurses play a significant role in managing, treating and
preventing affected persons from stroke problems.
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The study undertaken by Kirton (2015) reflected primary research which is conducted
through surveys, questionnaires and by conducting interview sessions along with individuals or
groups. In understanding prevailing risk factors several strategies are formulated to enhance its
treatment mechanism. In overcoming those issues evidences are generated by conducting clinical
trials, arterial strokes in children etc., for advancing key targets related to health-care of public as
well as professionals. Strength of this article named “Pediatric stroke: pressing issues and
promising directions” lies in advancing the potential strategies in developing anti-thrombotic
interventions, rehabilitation, neuroprotective thrombolytic factors which will enhance quality of
life for affected patients under healthcare units.
Above study is conducted by Pollock, St George, Fenton and Firkins (2014) with the help
of surveys, interviewing target audiences and distributing questionnaires to gather relevant
answers. The aim of this research named “Top 10 research priorities related with lifestyle after
stroke- census from stroke caregivers, survivors and health professionals” is to analyze the
situation that emerges within those people who are affected by cardiovascular health problems.
Results were achieved by collecting information through stroke survivors, health-professional
and caregivers. Strength of such activities was to prioritize the needs and problems that are
highly stated from target audiences and measures that are taken by health-care association in
order to overcome those issues for lifetime. Cited actions are presented as person-centered
approach that enables affected persons in achieving effective lifestyles.
This research is by conducted by Norrving, Davis, Feigin, Mensah, Sacco and Varghese
(2015) through distribution of questionnaires, establishing face-to-face interviews, undertaking
surveys within target audiences. All the above activities are rendered through primary research
actions. The evidence of this study named “Worldwide prevention of Stroke- what could make it
work” aids in overcoming the issues and problems that causes stroke diseases in human being. It
has been identified by world health organization that cited disease is non-communicable.
Prevention of stroke is highlighted in order to generate sustainable development under every
individual. Strength of this article reflects that avoidance of stroke disease can result in cognitive
decline and dementia. Further it assesses in reduction of mortality as well as disability by
enhancing quality under life of every individuals. In addition, it even focuses on reduction of
complex challenges that have emerged due to political and medical issues.
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Research of this article named “Aerobics exercise aids in improvement on health quality
in life of stroke” is conducted by Pang Charlesworth, Lau and Chung (2013) through several
databases, surveys, questionnaires, interviews among affected audiences with an aid of gathering
information related to eradication of stroke diseases by arranging 20-40 minutes aerobic
exercises for about 3-5 days a week. However, the evidence strongly generated that significance
of high training density establish effects on consumption of oxygen that create balance under
individual physical health which reduces every uncertainties and risks that are prevailing within
human being related to cardiovascular diseases. This study is beneficial in analyzing the fitness,
endurance and walking speed that has enabled by adopting such exercises and contributes in
reduction of every risk factors that were occurring due to cardiovascular diseases.
Data was collected under this article “Review of Neuropsychological outcome under
childhood stroke” by Ganesan, Hogan, Shack, Gordon, Isaacs and Kirkham (2000) conducting
literature researches and issuing survey papers. This study aids in gathering information related
to occurrence of stroke under children. However, it reflects that there are relevantly fewer
chances of such diseases though effective prevention is a necessity. Researchers identified that
childhood can be affected by neuropsychological domains which can establish vulnerable
condition for children and can generate stroke diseases.
For establishing quality of life and achieving effective outcome, under nursing it is very
essential to determine evidence based practices. It can be of two types that is external or internal
(Varcarolis, 2016). Randomize control trials, guidelines of clinical practices, obtaining
systematic reviews are involved under external evidences whereas clinical expertise, quality of
projects, health-care management initiatives are factors that are included under internal
evidences. Further it has been reflected that EBP= research + clinical expertise + preferences of
patients.
Evidence based practices plays a vital role in establishing several practices that
contributes in eradicating every health issues that are prevailing due to cardiovascular diseases.
Mainly such practices aid in enhancing care and safety of patients and establishes their effective
livelihood (Wilson, Bungay, Munn-Giddings and Boyce, 2016). After conducting relevant
researches, they further undergo implementation. Such actions involve risks and complexities
that can be determined or eliminated by formulating effective strategies through proper
leadership, changing in health-care cultures and other safety practices.
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Efficient evidences can be easily gathered by understanding patients’ values and traits
before taking any decisions. This can be further collected through randomized controlled trials,
qualitative and descriptive research, usage of scientific principles, case reports and opinions from
several group of individuals (Eldredge and et. al., 2016). It is beneficial in obtaining relevant
information related to cardiovascular health issues that are prevailing under human beings and
actions are determined to eliminate the best possible risks for achieving health safety measures.
Such practices have a huge impact in implementing the best possible practices which are
beneficial in understanding risk factors which are establishing stroke problems (Govil and et. al.,
2014). Such processes are valuable in grouping suitable feedback from people which are affected
by cardiovascular health issues. By attaining reactions of affected patient's health-care personnel
can easily understand their behaviors and attitudes related to stroke diseases.
Evidence based research criteria are analyzed from different perspectives of individuals
including those who establish studies for gathering knowledge's and optimize such gathered
skills under their practices. Similarly, includes spanners who establishes link between knowledge
users as well as generators (Enderlin and et. al., 2015). EBP users formulates their work
performances based on priorities and likewise establish plans to select the highest affected area
first and implement actions to overcome risk factors under nursing field. If actions are effectively
determined than it will enhance quality and cultural changes under health-care centers which
generates safety and security among affected audiences. Thus, it also initiates promotion of
health under every individual irrespective of their age.
Jennings (2016) noticed that nurses plays a vital role under healthcare centers in regard to
enhance public health and welfare. They even aim in establishing healthcare promotions that
develop prevention of diseases and influences the behavior of individuals in a positive manner
(Edelman, Mandle and Kudzma, 2013). Further they undergo training sessions to increase their
knowledge and competencies which enables them in overcoming every complexity that are faced
under improvement of cardiovascular health problems.
Several theories and policies are formulated that generates improvement in health issues
and establish ethics that reduces risks factors prevailing under healthcare centers. However, it
has been reflected that nurses are required to perform effective leadership activities which will
reduce ethical issues and dilemmas and promotes education and practices of nurses under stroke
issues (Weimer and Vining, 2017). In addition, it has been determined that health promotion
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concept is based of policies of social and political aspects which indicates that timely changes
and promotion of technology must be adopted which can reduce every risks and uncertain
factors. Integrated review was adopted in understanding the research conducted.
Gaps between recommendations and nursing practices are required to be eliminated to
effectively undertake every possible improvement that is required to be adopted by nurses.
Recommendations are generated to enhance the communication skills, adoption of technologies
and services to eradicate every social and political issues (Bowling, 2014). Also, adoption of
significant scientific principles to enhance skills and knowledge of nurses which will reduce
every possible risk factors that cause cardiovascular health issues.
Research has been conducted through health care planners and clinicians to generate
specific measures which can increase the quality of work that eradicates stroke issues among
individuals of every age (Drummond and et. al., 2015). Numerous barriers are recognized before
executing the effective plans regarding cardiovascular health issues which can be easily
eradicated by eliminating every research practice gaps. However, nurses are now collecting
relevant information's regarding effected patients to understand their issues and deal with that
effectively.
Further, it has been recommended that evidence based practices are beneficial in
formulating strategies which contributes in providing advices to affected persons which can
reduce relevant risks factors that can cause cardiovascular health problems. They mainly aid in
gathering every effective information's which is beneficial in detecting risk factors which
produces health disorders (Feigin and et. al., 2014). However, it is necessary to implement those
practices on right time whenever required because it can reduce barriers at individual or local
level. Further, it aims in enhancing knowledge of cardiovascular issues among patients so that
they can easily recognize their problems as per the symptoms which are occurring under their
body.
Issues that are prevailing under nursing practices are well determined through research-
practices. After decreasing the gaps among research practices and recommendations it will
benefit patients in attaining effective services under cost effectiveness and can possess rights to
take decisions as per their values and beliefs (Cadilhac, and et. al., 2014). Evidence based
practice can be fruitfully executed by adopting its three effective elements such as: -
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Understanding needs and requirements of potential service users. Enhancement of skills and
expertise under nurses. Identification of qualitative or quantitative evidences.
Evidences need to be identified in nursing process because it improves decision making
skills and also encourage them in developing their knowledge to provide the best possible
services among affected persons (Dobrzykowski, McFadden and Vonderembse, 2016). Under
this process problems can be easily identified by nurses and likewise relevant step can be
undertaken to overcome those obstacles.
According to the research conducted, it has been reflected that under nursing practices
several problems are likely to be emerged and this can be only reduced by narrowing the gaps
between research practices (Weimer and Vining, 2017). Continuing professional education and
enhancement of knowledge's can benefit in reducing the gaps among practices and researches.
Therefore, recommendations are made that healthcare professionals must enhance their medical
education to provide effective services to clients.
Further, it is suggested that to reduce research gaps systematic behavioral strategies must
be adopted by nurses or health professionals which can adopts the timely changes that are
occurred within its culture or environment. It also helps in planning improvement under their
practices which helps in eradicating every issues or problems related to stroke (Eldredge and et.
al., 2016). Such plans identify needs and requirements of persons to encourage their health
improvement. Thus, studies have showcased that reduction of research practice gaps will
establish quality of life among individuals or groups and can easily adopt the changes which
occurred due to political, cultural, social or environmental factors.
Significant research which has been conducted through research papers, surveys, interviews
etc. has suggested that EBP plays vital role in identifying issues that are prevailing in nursing
practices and which are developing problems of stroke (Bray and et. al., 2014). For eradicating
these obstacles, it has been reflected that training and development must be provided among
nurses and other health professionals which will enhance their knowledge to increase their
efficiency in serving best treatment among affected persons and can also guide them in
understanding the symptoms which showcase cardiovascular health issues. Thus, such practices
can contribute in eliminating every risk factors that affect human body due to stroke.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Bowling, A., 2014. Research methods in health: investigating health and health services.
McGraw-Hill Education (UK).
Bray, J.E. and et. al., 2014. Are suspected stroke patients identified by paramedics transported to
appropriate stroke centres in Victoria, Australia?. Internal medicine journal. 44(5). pp.515-
518.
Cadilhac, D.A. and et. al., 2014. Establishment of an effective acute stroke telemedicine program
for Australia: protocol for the Victorian Stroke Telemedicine project. International Journal
of Stroke. 9(2). pp.252-258.
Dobrzykowski, D.D., McFadden, K.L. and Vonderembse, M.A., 2016. Examining pathways to
safety and financial performance in hospitals: A study of lean in professional service
operations. Journal of Operations Management. 42. pp.39-51.
Drummond, M.F., Sculpher, M.J., Claxton, K., Stoddart, G.L. and Torrance, G.W., 2015.
Methods for the economic evaluation of health care programmes. Oxford university press.
Edelman, C.L., Mandle, C.L. and Kudzma, E.C., 2013. Health Promotion Throughout the Life
Span-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Eldredge, L.K.B. and et. al., 2016. Planning health promotion programs: an intervention
mapping approach. John Wiley & Sons.
Enderlin, C. and et. al., 2015. Summary of factors contributing to falls in older adults and nursing
implications. Geriatric Nursing. 36(5). pp.397-406.
Feigin, V.L. and et. al., 2014. Global and regional burden of stroke during 1990–2010: findings
from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. The Lancet. 383(9913). pp.245-255.
Ganesan, V., Hogan, A., Shack, N., Gordon, A., Isaacs, E. and Kirkham, F.J., 2000. Outcome
after ischaemic stroke in childhood. Developmental medicine and child neurology. 42(7). pp.
455-461.
Govil, D. and et. al., 2014. Identifying culturally appropriate strategies for coronary heart disease
secondary prevention in a regional Aboriginal Medical Service. Australian journal of
primary health. 20(3). pp.266-272.
Katzenellenbogen, J.M. and et. al., 2014. Prevalence of stroke and coexistent conditions:
disparities between indigenous and nonindigenous Western Australians. International
Journal of Stroke. 9(A100). pp.61-68.
Kirton, A., 2015. Pediatric stroke: pressing issues and promising directions. The Lancet
Neurology. 14(1). pp. 92-102.
Norrving, B., Davis, S.M., Feigin, V.L., Mensah, G.A., Sacco, R.L. and Varghese, C., 2015.
Stroke prevention worldwide-what could make it work. Neuroepidemiology. 45(3). pp. 215-
220.
Pang, M.Y., Charlesworth, S.A., Lau, R.W. and Chung, R.C., 2013. Using aerobic exercise to
improve health outcomes and quality of life in stroke: evidence-based exercise prescription
recommendations. Cerebrovascular diseases. 35(1). pp. 7-22.
Parahoo, K., 2014. Nursing research: principles, process and issues. Palgrave Macmillan.
Pollock, A., St George, B., Fenton, M. and Firkins, L., 2014. Top 10 research priorities relating
to life after stroke–consensus from stroke survivors, caregivers, and health professionals.
International Journal of Stroke. 9(3). pp. 313-320.
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Varcarolis, E.M., 2016. Essentials of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing-E-Book: A
Communication Approach to Evidence-Based Care. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Weimer, D.L. and Vining, A.R., 2017. Policy analysis: Concepts and practice. Taylor & Francis.
Wilson, C., Bungay, H., Munn-Giddings, C. and Boyce, M., 2016. Healthcare professionals’
perceptions of the value and impact of the arts in healthcare settings: A critical review of the
literature. International journal of nursing studies. 56. pp.90-101.
Online
Jennings, G., 2016. How Australians Die: cause #1 – heart diseases and stroke. [Online].
Available through: < https://theconversation.com/how-australians-die-cause-1-heart-
diseases-and-stroke-57423> [Accessed on: 16th September 2017].
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