7001ENG - Research Methods for Engineers
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Added on 2020-03-16
7001ENG - Research Methods for Engineers
Added on 2020-03-16
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Running head: STRUCTURAL OBSERVATION OF HEALTH OF CIVIL INFRASTRUCTURE1
PUTTING TOGETHER THE FOLLOW UP OF CIVIL INFRASTRUCTURE 2PUTTING TOGETHER OF CIVIL INFRASTRUCTURE IN NEW ZEALANDKALPESH BARADS5034250, 7001ENG, Master of Civil Engineering/Master of Engineering Project Management.Monitoring of the structural integrity of civil infrastructure is increasingly done by the use ofstructural health monitoring sensors. This research aims at highlighting the techniques set upby the government of New Zealand and local authorities to monitor the health of structures bythe use of wireless sensors. The main goal of this research is to combine the findings of asurvey to be conducted and a review of various literature in the area of Structural HealthMonitoring (SHM) in New Zealand. It also attempts to highlight the challenges faced inimplementation of SHM, to define the opportunities available in the SHM of civilinfrastructure, and to establish the challenges faced in the use of sensors in SHM of civilinfrastructureKeywords: Damage detection, structural health monitoring (SHM), Civil infrastructure in New Zealand1.IntroductionCivil infrastructure is very fundamental area when it comes to addressing the prosperity of anysociety. To keep track of the structural integrity of civil infrastructure, and monitor their overallperformance, SHM systems are put into use.
Structural Health monitoring involves the use of intelligent sensors and related technologies tocollect a wide array of data and giving an output that will be used to rate the condition of astructure or structural element. SHM systems help in the detection of possible damage on civilinfrastructure due to natural hazards, aging, and/ or deterioration. This study aims at investigatingthe overall use of sensors for SHM in of asset management, assessment of structural integrity, riskassessment and scrutinizing of civil infrastructure in this country. 2.Review of the literatureResearch has been conducted in the field of damage detection and putting together follow up asthe necessity for careful observation of modern infrastructure gets higher. (Chang, 2006) indicatedthat most global health monitoring systems either had trust in the solving of the variations in theresonant frequencies or movement in the modes of shapes of a arrangement. The process work onthe principle of recognition of these small variations in the structures; even those caused bytemperature variations, moisture changes, and other environmental factors resulted in dynamiccharacteristics. This resulted in modifying in the arrangement of dynamic characteristics becauseof the reasons other than real damage are considered “noisy” in the arrangement of healthmeasurements. Due to this, it resulted in the system to take computation that are importantlygreater than those caused by the “noise” for the technique to succeed.Resulting in an investigated audit a lot, in the councils had an asset for buildings and operationalmanagement plan. However, the investigation also emphasized on the need for an upgrade in thedata collection system. This was echoed, (New Zealand Office of the Auditor General (NZOAG,2010) by a similar investigation which identified a dire need for improvement of bridge-relateddata3
PUTTING TOGETHER THE FOLLOW UP OF CIVIL INFRASTRUCTURE 4 However, what is lacking from past investigation is an coordinated framework and inclusivefor the collection of data. putting in consideration that since a framework for data collection willhave a great impact on infrastructure follow up, SHM software working should be advanced tomanage present repositories and databases used in New Zealand (Chang, Flatau & Liu, 2003).3.Sensors for SHMWhen monitoring the condition and performance of non-homogeneous material like concretes, thesystems used for sensing should be able to collect and record data in small increments with anallowance for local effects and discontinuities. Therefore, a number of sensing technologies havebeen developed. The main ones used in New Zealand includes wireless sensors and fiber opticsensors.3.1.Wireless sensorsThese are sensors with an autonomous platform for collection of data. They are fitted with straingauges that are sensitive to inertial forces induced into the structures. The inertial sensors have agyroscope and accelerometer. Studies are being done in New Zealand to develop embedded wireless sensors to be integratedinto concrete elements for purposes of monitoring the concrete in structures from the beginningcuring phase and following the strength gain of the concrete.
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