Comply with infection prevention and control policies and procedures

Student
Assessment
HLTINF001 Comply with infection prevention
and control policies and procedures
HLT54115 Diploma of Nursing
ASSESSMENT TASK 1 – QUESTIONING
Instructions
for
completion
 You are required to answer all questions correctly in Assessment
Task 1 – Questioning. Students are to complete this assessment in
their own time with access to resources.
 Responses to the questions can be typed or submitted
handwritten
 Written responses must be legible and in pen NOT pencil
 It is important to proof read your answer paper, to avoid grammar
and spelling mistakes.
 Please use only APA format of referencing. Do not copy and paste
text from any of the online sources. SCEI has a strict plagiarism
policy and students who are found guilty of plagiarism, will be
penalized
 Write your name, student ID, the assessment task and the name
of the unit of competency on each piece of paper you attach to
this assessment document
 You are required to submit this assessment to your
trainer/assessor by the due date
 The answers should be an average of 70 words per question
unless otherwise indicated.
DUE DATE The trainer/assessor will inform you of the due date
Questions
Q1. List the steps involved in medical hand wash and pre surgical hand wash.
 Use non-medicated soap
 Wash the palm and hand in circulation motion
 Wash each side of the finger and in between of them for 2 mins
 Clean the fingertips using fingernails
 Need to clean the elbow from each side of arms starting from wrist for 1 mins
 Rinse with good amount of water
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Student
Assessment
 Dry with clean towel starting from finger to forearm and discard it immediately (Stilo
et al., 2016)
Q2. List two clinical instances when hand hygiene should be performed with soap and
water, rather than an alcohol based hand rub.
 When there is visibility of dirt and soiled with blood in hand.
 When there is exposure with spore forming pathogen (Tanner et al., 2016)
Q3. List two non-clinical moments for hand hygiene.
 When hand is dirty after using toilet
 When hand is dirty with dust or germs
Q4. Outline the hand care guidelines related to:
o Maintaining fingernails- Clean beneath of the fingernails and keep the nails
short. Do not use artificial nails.
o Removal of jewellery and watches- Before entering the operation room it is
important to remove all the hands jewellery and watches
o Maintenance of intact skin- Use hand wash before and after handling patient
and contact with skin.
o Management of cuts and abrasions- use waterproof dressing to cover the cuts
and abrasion (Gould et al.,2017)
Q5. Explain the scope and use of the following PPE in accordance with organisational
policies and procedures
Personal protective equipment like eye wear and glove are used when doctor are exposed
to fluid or contaminated material. For example when there is any cut in the hands the fluid
may get exposed while operations. Then there is the need to use powder free or latex free
gloves. Gloves are used only once, and should not be brought in contact with patients
(World Health Organization.
Kramer& Assadian 2016).
Q6. Explain the roles of an EN in managing blood or body fluid spills in accordance with
organisational policies and procedures. (Consider including care after body fluid exposure,
spills removal, signage)
Role of nurse is to manage the exposed spilt fluids with help of towels or clean cloth. Care
must be taken to avoid splashing of the fluid. Nurse can also use spillage kits to manage it.
They also use hypochlorite solution to the spilled area. Leave it for 2 mins and wipe extra
blood or fluid and clean with detergent and water. Nurse then decontaminate their hands
exposed body part with disinfectant (Pegram & Bloomfield 2015).
Q7. Outline two points regarding
A) Disposing of sharps
 The sharps blades needs to be removed from the attached handle to avoid any
infection
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Student
Assessment
 The sharps tools like needle, syringe must be discarded in sharp box itself after use
(Jahangiri et al2016).
B) Handling contaminated and clinical waste in a hospital.
 The contaminated and clinical waste are disposed and discarded in proper respective
bag or container according to state of waste and handled to relevant authority.
 The non-disposable highly contaminated waste is send to sterilisation department for
the purpose of decontamination (Kieffer et al., 2015).
Q8. Your patient has been diagnosed with H1N1 influenza virus. List the additional
precautions you implement as an EN to prevent the transmission of infection. Explain your
rationale.
The resource used by the infected person with H1N1 virus must be disposed immediately
after use in trash as infection can get transferred with those items.
Nurse wear EPP like gloves and face mask before assisting the patient, H1NI virus can be
transferred through sneezing, coughing or talking.
Nurse clean their hand before and after assisting the patient with medicated soaps. This is
done to avoid any prevention of infection if it has got transferred by some mean (Rewar,
Mirdha, & Rewar 2015).
Q9. List four hazards in a hospital work environment including the infection hazard. For
each of them, list the level of risk and appropriate control measures (Consider hierarchy of
control).
Hazards risk Control measure
Chemical hazards Cancer, burn Physically remove the
hazards (elimination)
Infection hazards Occurrence of associated
disease with the kind of
infection like dermatitis,
tuberculosis etc.
Protect the person or staffs
from getting exposed with
help of PPE. (PPE)
Ergonomic hazards illness, repeated trauma,
body injury
Administration control
( amend the way people
work)
Biological hazards Lead to deadly disease like
anthrax, needle stick injury
Elimination (replace the
hazard immediately)
Q10. Assess the risk of each of the following hazards by determining the likelihood of a
hazard occurring in your work environment, and the severity of harm.
Hazard Likelihood Severity
Chemical hazard less acute
Infection hazard High chronic
Ergonomic hazard Medium Acute
Biological hazard High Chronic
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Student
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Q11. Explain the concept of chain of infection with two examples.
Chain of infection is the series of event of transfer of infection of virus, bacteria or fungi.
The chain start with the causative agents themselves. The agent live in the reservoir which
can be human body or work place. Pathogen then leave the reservoir like saliva, blood,
noses if reservoir is human. The pathogen is transmitted either with direct or indirect
contact with the person. Then the pathogen gets transmitted through entry portal like skin,
mucous membrane etc. The infection build in susceptible host who do not have any
resistance to the causative agents. (Kungulovski & Jeltsch, 2016).
Example 1. If one person is affected with cough and cold, the influenza virus is transmitted
to the contacted person and develop cold.
Example 2. A person suffering from tuberculosis can transmit the infection through
sneezing or coughing and the exposed may develop the chance of development of disease.
Q12. List four factors that may increase an individual’s risk of acquisition or susceptibility to
infection and explain why.
 Dysfunction of immune system- T cell are responsible to fight against infection by
cell mediated immunity. Defect in such cell make the person susceptible to infection.
 Dysfunction of Humoral immune system- B cells produce antibody in response to any
antigen and find against the disease. If the mechanism get disturbed, antibody are
not produced and person tends to develop infection.
 Age- Person who are old become more susceptible to infection as their immune
system become weak and unable to fight with the disease (Giefing‐Kröll etv al.,
2015)
 Level of stress- High stress level disturb the metabolism and increase the
susceptibility of infection.
Q13. What are reusable medical devices and why are they reprocessed? Then explain the
processes for reprocessing reusable equipment.
Reusable medical device are those devices that can be used again for diagnosis and
treatment of the patients. For example, forceps, endoscopes, stethoscope etc. They need to
be reprocessed because these devices become contaminated with causative agents or
micro-organism (Houser et al., 2015)
The step of reprocessing the reusable device are-
 Pre-cleaning: The device needs to be cleaned with sterilising agents.
 Cleaning: After using the device, it need to be cleaned again to remove any
contamination
 Disinfection- The device are disinfected through exposure to irritant or toxic solution.
 Rinsing- Potable water is used to remove the disinfectant two to three times.
 Drying- Compressed air or alcohol are generally used to dry the equipment in sterile
condition.
Q14. Provide three examples of infections caused by each of the following pathogenic
microorganisms.
Pathogen InfectionMycobacterium tuberculosis Pulmonary tuberculosis
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