Analyzing Research Papers

This assignment involves analyzing a collection of research papers spanning different fields such as obesity, information management, HR strategies in the pharmaceutical industry, strategic analysis, venture alliance formation, water temperature changes in ice abrasive water jet prototypes, teacher beliefs and technology integration, Mousterian lithic technology, integrating technology in learning and teaching, accounting development in Malaysia, finite element modeling of microstructural changes in metal cutting, and tourism and borders. The analysis requires summarizing the key findings and contributions of each paper.

CONTEMPORARY
DEVELOPMENT IN
BUSINESS AND
MANAGEMENT

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
Brief overview of primary external influence to the organisation..............................................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
(i) Analysis its relevance to the chosen organisation and how it is influence to policies and
decision making..........................................................................................................................4
(ii) Critically evaluates the effectiveness of organisation response............................................6
(iii) Demonstrate some areas for improvement in the response of the organisation...................8
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Management plays important role within the organisations to determine goals and
objectives. It includes performing, planning and controlling functions in the enterprise which is
related with goals and objectives. Modern time management deals with various variables which
depend on each other. Present study is based on Alpha manufacturing company which
manufactures metal products with effective design and metal sheet fabrication in the industry.
They are facilitating to design, prototype and manufacture with diversify various range of
products. In this context, present report covers primary external influence which affects the
organisation. Furthermore, reports select one theme in which it analysis to relevance of policies
and decision making in the organisation. Moreover, it critically evaluates the effectiveness in the
enterprise response. In addition to this, it also demonstrates areas for improvements in response
of the company.
TASK 1
Brief overview of primary external influence to the organisation
Competitive advantages in manufacturing industry are driven by customer relationship
and sales in the marketplace. Direct sales are successful when the industry is moving in different
direction for enhancing profits (Barton, Tejay and Terrell, 2016). Primary external influences
consist of demand conditions, environmental concern, legal factors and many more aspects.
These factors affect the company when it is enters in a new market and first time. Thus, it is
known as primary aspects within the organization. Customers only want those products and
services which satisfy their demand and enhance productivity within the marketplace. Market
analyst supports the potential growth and profitability in the future (Fisher, Birch and Hughes,
2013). Retail margins on Alpha industry is comparative high so that foreign competition is main
external factors which demonstrates price level of market and efficiency as well. There are
various primary external factors which affect the organisation functioning. They are as follows:
 Demand conditions: Demand of products and services of company is essential to
compete within the marketplace (Mi, Heang and West, 2016). It will improve and
innovation in firm value to determine competition in the marketplace. Three
characteristics of the company products are demanding in the marketplace. It assists to
maintain competitive advantages to generate high revenue. In this, it involves industry
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demand, size and pattern for growth of the company, rapid market enhancemennt and
perceive with respond to buyer needs, etc. In recent times, manufacturing industry is
facing imbalance between supply and demand. Opening up of the market and increasing
competition is the perspective of plan to frame with profound implication (Benavides-
Velasco and et.al, 2013). Main threat which influences the cited firm is physical barriers
to trade in European marketplace. It serves catalyse European expansion which degree is
raise of the European trade. In order to conduct market survey, it is identified by the
company that they are unable to operating effective functions at workplace. Thus,
demand condition is important aspect for the organisation in which they can enhance
their productivity and profits by supplying effective products and services (Hoehn-Weiss
and Barden, 2014).
 Environmental concern: It is the most important element of primary factor that
influence the Alpha Company. In order to consist environmental perspective, market is
change on European market which altered with various parameters of competition. In this
aspect, the firm can also analysis and examine key structure which changes demand and
supply functions and affects to the company products and services (Becker, Kugeler and
Rosemann, eds., 2013). It also includes variables which enforce use of hydrogen along
with conventional tools on global scale. Currently, market and mechanism not promoting
the cited firm products and services. Thus, all the more incumbent on business,
politicians and society work together to ensure use of tools and techniques for legal frame
work. Further, changes in economic system also influence to the business environment
(Rotella and Umbrello, 2014). This is because, it considers modification in economic
aspect creates alterations in business unit. Changes in growing economic also affect to
growing economy which provide greater opportunities for business to generates high
profits with rising living standards of employees. In addition to this, environmental
concerns also influence the market and mechanism of the company products which make
effective possibilities for development of company. It also consists development of
employees of the firm which can be done through completing targets through making
effective operations at workplace (Maier and Warren, 2013).
 Legal factors: Legal regulations and constraints also have crucial impact on Alpha
Company and their technological developments. Kyoto protocol and industry safety
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regulations are forcing developing production facilities. In respect to this, political factors
have also great impact on manufacturing of metal industry. It influences the overall
market potential with antitrust regulations and union policies in the dynamic
environment. When the cited firm enter in marketplace then they face problems due to
change in laws and regulations (Kim, Kim and DeMeester, 2013). Thus, the organisation
needs to be careful regarding their operations which make changes at workplace. When
the organisation enters in the new market then there are some other factors which
influence their products and services such as social class which make changes in socio
economic grouping link within the firm. Changing lifestyle of customers also affects the
firm’s operations which influences to company tools and techniques (Evola, Marletta and
Sicurella, 2013).
 Technological factors: Technological factors provide opportunities to Alpha business
unit to adopt new breakthroughs, innovations and invention to cut cost and develop new
products and services. Technological changes are important to develop new technology
which enable to variations to produce new products and services within the marketplace
(Ghauri and McMurray, 2013). Technological factors also provide opportunities to the
company to develop business in various parameters and solutions that includes within the
enterprise. Political changes are closely related with economies and changing in
government influences. Thus, technological factors also measure these part of the
company operations. In order to consider various frameworks for making effective
outcomes within the enterprise, it assists to develop outcomes of company. Thus, taxation
policies of government influences the cost company is also takes right action when the
firm enter in market (Ghauri and McMurray, 2013). Further, it creates substitute products
for develop the firm. As results, the cited firm can easily open new markets and enhance
productivity for making sustainability at workplace. In order to considers technological
influences, cheaper alternatives from abroad is highly affects to company. It also
generates impact on workers, morale and motivation which is related with flexible
working within the enterprise (Barton, Tejay and Terrell, 2016).
 Competitors: Further, competitors also influence to Alpha business unit. This is because;
it affects the ability of business to make profits. Competitors continually seek to gain
advantages over each other. It measures products and services which are different from
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competitors. Thus, company can provide better things from other enterprise. In addition
to this, economic system of the country allocates resources which tend to grow by
company very fast for enhance revenue (Fisher, Birch and Hughes, 2013). It involves
human relationship which depends on factors such as customers' attitude and their
behaviour towards particular products and services. It also depends on age structure of
population and network of work and leisure.
 Monetary system: Monetary system of the country also influences firm operations. It
facilitates with business exchanges which is based on earning, spendings and savings.
Higher interest rates affect to relationship involving financial institutions, creditors,
debtors and suppliers. Key monetary influence to the chosen business is interest rate
(Benavides-Velasco and et.al, 2013). This is because, high interest rates enhance business
cost which act as a break on spending within the economy. Political system also creates
rules and framework in which Alpha operating their functions. In this context,
government policy support and encourages to enterprise activities such as creation of
pollutions and many more actions.
TASK 2
The theme has been chosen for this is technological change which relate with various areas for
improvements.
(i) Analysis its relevance to the chosen organisation and how it is influence to policies and
decision making
Technological factors affects to the business in their overall demand and changing
behaviour which includes traditional marketing. Rapid development of technology requires quick
response of customers towards Alpha products and services. It emerges with survive emerging
competitive environment which keep new trends and innovative services offers by company
(Rotella and Umbrello, 2014). Technological factors includes products and process of the cited
firm which present for take opportunities and threats in vital for competitive advantages. It is
driving in successful operations of globalisation. Products can be marketed in various ways
which present for creates value at workplace. These changes influences to the company in
following manner:
 Understanding web terminology.
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 Technology legislation
 Internet/broadband to customers and business market (Maier and Warren, 2013).
 Technology infrastructure in the country.
 Technology also offers innovative products and services in internet banking which is
related with new generation mobile phone.
 Technology also offers new way of communication with customers such as social media,
CRM and many more things (Kim, Kim and DeMeester, 2013).
These above technological factors influence to business to provide dramatic infrastructure
within the company. Alpha business unit rightly investing in different types of equipments to see
more innovative and cost effective technology. Spending money on the latest technology is
daunting for the enterprise which response to innovations (Rotella and Umbrello, 2014). In
addition to this, organisational changes also influences to policies and response to innovation
which highly impact on the company operations. Thus, it is recommends to employees of the
firm to keep them for encouraging and making changes at workplace. Business process is also
integrated with modern technology which identifying enterprise requirements and evaluates
outcomes to achieve goals and objectives. Hence, these changes can be beneficial for the
company and customers as well. Sustainability of competitive advantages is also looking for
technology to generates positive perspective rather than necessary evil (Jerman, Orbanić and
Valentinčič, 2016). Traditional models are change which creates great advantages to achieve
business results. It assists to invest modern technology for sake and implementing strategic plan
of the enterprise.
It also assists to take decisions with emerging engine efficiency and internet connectivity
to automated functions in the enterprise. It also includes automation of many unskilled tasks to
replace human production lines with entire machine at workplace (Galliers and Leidner, 2014). It
assists to reduce cost for manufacturer, distributors and supermarkets in many areas of the
company. On the company side, it gradually enhances things that connect to firms which
enhance company operations. Global rising in internet connectivity also negatively impact on the
business outcomes in term, of competing within the marketplace. Introduction of new production
process in metal company also dramatic affects on aggregate productivity within the company
(Kuhn, 2014). It explores the impact on major technological innovation on the enterprise. With
the help of technological advancement, Alpha can make effective and smooth functioning for
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development of their operations. It includes social implications and reaching towards profits of
the company.
There are also elements which rapidly includes productivity growth which decline
employment in metal company. With increasing in productivity in Alpha revenues, they can
directly link to it with new production technology. Premium productivity in reallocation process
also displaced with older technology which signifies traditional plants to integrates production
(Coulter, Merollini and Halton, 2015). Reallocation of output is also responsible to increasing
total factor productivity. Thus, the cited firm can take decisions accordingly for market
objectives at workplace. In this context, the firm can directly attributes of the aggregate
productivity growth in the company which operating is relevant variables according to
technology types. From the past few years, metal industry face changes which significantly
impact on substantial investment which improve process efficiency and products quality for
development of the company (Chang and Taylor, 2016). Rapid expansion of the company
depends on technological aspect which make successful operations within the enterprise. Growth
of technological changes also make effective sustainability to expand range of company with
using energy consumptions which enhance efficiency at workplace. Technological changes also
combined with plant closures with restructuring employment to enhance growth of the company.
It is based on various aspects which also take positive advantages for growth of employment
(Bodzin and Fu, 2014).
(ii) Critically evaluates the effectiveness of organisation response
Organisational effectiveness determines as degree in which the business can achieve
goals and objectives. It is depends on resources which assist to achieve Alpha goals through
various resources and profitability. Technology affects to design, efficiency and effectiveness
which examines revenue of the firm. It is also describes ways from which technology is affects
to design, efficiency and effectiveness for the company development (Evola, Marletta and
Sicurella, 2013).
Technology is great impact in Alpha to organize design, and fundamental aspects to
enhance efficiency and productivity. However, it also describes application of knowledge to
execute work in effective manner. Advancement technology also offers great opportunities to
make effective and high level within the company which develop business outcomes (Adamska-
Chudzińska, 2016). All operations of the company also refers to the structure and design which
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is feasible to make effective functioning related with consideration. In addition to this, it also
requires for use digital tools in operations of the company. Thus, it takes place very important
part of the company. As critically evaluates, large and small business enterprise requires full
knowledge of digital system of company that revolutionize operations of the cited firm. Thus, it
is based on various small tools that support to become effective solutions and system at
workplace (Ghauri and McMurray, 2013).
The enterprise need to learn about their mission and vision to operate smooth functioning
at workplace. However, it is depends on social media pages and understanding communicating
message depends on various variables. It assists to understand and communicate message for
effective development of Alpha. Thus, it is essential to enhance knowledge regarding digital tool
at workplace (Wachowiak, 2016). Firstly, the chosen firm need to considers their targets and
resources which make successful targets at workplace. Extra money and employees needed
within the firm who achieve goals in the firm. In addition to this, they have to concentrate
customers who are part of the firm. As critically evaluating, Alpha business unit also requires
advance technology, extra money and employees to attract potential customers. They have to
conduct demographic information of each customer so that they can make their activities
accordingly (Grant, 2016). Further, company has no technology which can manage multi task at
workplace. Thus, they have to conduct market survey which give meaningful conversation
related with goals and objectives of the company.
Alpha business unit has goal to discover areas where they can measure current digital
tools related with the organisation. As results, they can cooperate with different techniques and
make effective functioning for their development. In order to manage task and tools, the cited
firm have to concentrate on their digital tools (Ghauri and McMurray, 2013). However, their
digital tools are not effectively working for achieve long term goals and objectives. Goals of the
company make efficiency in organisation and effectively working for considers long term
objectives at workplace. As critically evaluating, technology cannot solve each and every
problem so that digital tools are requires setting targets at workplace. The chosen organisation
cannot easily adopt technology planning and operations to make effective functioning at
workplace (Jerman, Orbanić and Valentinčič, 2016). It will assist to cover profits at workplace
which is related with needs of enterprise.
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In order to consist critical evaluation, actual development requires discovering
innovations which is needed for make sustainability at workplace. It also includes factors which
is related with rationality of scientist and technological aspects. It is not controls by the
company, but creates negative impact on the firm (Barton, Tejay and Terrell, 2016). This is
because, societal development is most important factor that determines for reduction in human
subjectivity. As results, it creates major impact on the business operations due to organize
activities and make shape to the firm. Technical progress is highly depends on efficiency which
is longer personal, experimental and various positive outcomes of the company. Further,
technology not measure performance of the company and unable to maintain CRM at workplace
(Fisher, Birch and Hughes, 2013). Thus, it is crucial aspect for development of the firm
objectives in systematic manner. All items are not effectively working so that it is important to
generate high revenue through considering effective objectives and work efficiency.
(iii) Demonstrate some areas for improvement in the response of the organisation
In respect to consists improvements in the firm, there are various tools that support to
business. Thus, Alpha has to increasing effectiveness of the firm which assist to raise more
money at workplace. It can be done through focus on wider audience and advocate for more
effectively functioning at workplace (Coulter, Merollini and Halton, 2015). There are various
areas which need to operate positive environment at workplace. Thus, the cited firm can make
better position to achieve business goals. Leveraging social media support to the company at
very low cost and efforts. Apart from this, the cited firm need to support CRM for maintain
business functions in effective manner. It will assist to constitute management system which run
smoothly at very low cost (Chang and Taylor, 2016).
The chosen firm need to also find solutions to overcome their business problems which
make positive results at workplace. In term of monetary and non financially, Alpha can make
their operations very effective and support to converting various database related with little cost
operations. In addition to this, there are various areas where digital tools assist to reduce cost to
enhance effectiveness of the firm (Bodzin and Fu, 2014). In this includes Facebook, Twitter and
many other social sites which make platform for set targets and achieve objectives. In addition to
this, the cited firm need to be prepares to dedicate resources to technology planning, training and
developing. They have to understand each and every activity of the enterprise to demonstrate
technology aspects related with forum. Technology is constantly changing so that the enterprise
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need to make effective functioning and motivating them for understand various outcomes related
with digital tools and techniques (Evola, Marletta and Sicurella, 2013).
Technology not solve each and every problem of company, but it assists to make
profitability in high level. Thus, it is essential to use long term capacity to adopt effectively
digital tools and solve various problems at workplace (Adamska-Chudzińska, 2016). In Alpha,
technology provides tools that make easier task and more efficient to understand and manage
activities of the firm. Online donation is very important to meet with face to face targets related
with organisation outcomes in systematic manner. If the firm not understand effectively, they
will unable to consist effective functioning at workplace. Technology also give opportunities to
reach track on the audience in the process (Ghauri and McMurray, 2013). As results, learning is
very important for develop business outcomes in effective manner. With the help of learning, the
organisation can also improve working for target the audience at workplace. Changes are most
dominant resource which ascertain to learn new things with the help of advancement technology
aspects.
In respect to considers effective functioning, it is most important element on which
company target their audience with available resources (Wachowiak, 2016). In digital tool, every
person make mistake so that Alpha business unit have to provide proper training for using it very
carefully. With the help of learning, the company has opportunities to make effective transaction
and functions which make sustainability at workplace. In order to provide proper training and
development, it is necessary for enterprise to enhance functioning with imperative sources of the
company (Grant, 2016). In addition to this, employees of the chosen firm also understand tools
and techniques for achieve targets at workplace which is related with objectives. Targeting to
customers is based on audience who are loyal with company products and services, thus, the
enterprise have to concentrate on their customers demand to effective functioning at workplace.
In this context, they can easily lead with each and every part of company operations. Hence, it is
very beneficial for the business unit (Ghauri and McMurray, 2013).
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be articulated that contemporary in business and
management in very important element. In this aspect, present study shows that manufacturing
industry on metal in high influences by various aspects of management. It considers internal and
external influences by market elements. Management methods assist to enhance quality of goods
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and services such as production process, information and communicate, etc. These elements
make effective impact on Alpha business unit in term of make balance between power and social
responsibilities. Furthermore, it also summarized that technological changes are highly
influences to the company operations which determines effective functioning at workplace. This
factor consists various elements which highly impact to the company products and services. As
results, it delivers profitability at workplace which is related with improvements in business
profits and revenues. Mainly the enterprise need to concentrate on their CRM to maintain
relationship with customers and employees of the company.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Adamska-Chudzińska, M., 2016. Prosocial Orientation of an Organisation: The Preliminary
Identification of Evaluation Criteria. Management and Organizational Studies. 3(1).
p.p27.
Barton, K. A., Tejay, G. and Terrell, S., 2016. Information system security commitment: A study
of external influences on senior management. Computers & Security. 59. pp.9-25.
Becker, J., Kugeler, M. and Rosemann, M. eds., 2013. Process management: a guide for the
design of business processes. Springer Science & Business Media.
Benavides-Velasco, C. A. and et.al, 2013. Trends in family business research. Small Business
Economics. 40(1). pp.41-57.
Bodzin, A. M. and Fu, Q., 2014. The effectiveness of the geospatial curriculum approach on
urban middle-level students’ climate change understandings. Journal of Science
Education and Technology. 23(4). pp.575-590.
Chang, W. and Taylor, S. A., 2016. The effectiveness of customer participation in new product
development: a meta-analysis. Journal of Marketing. 80(1). pp.47-64.
Coulter, S., Merollini, K. and Halton, K., 2015. The need for cost-effectiveness analyses of
antimicrobial stewardship programmes: A structured review. International journal of
antimicrobial agents. 46(2). pp.140-149.
Evola, G., Marletta, L. and Sicurella, F., 2013. A methodology for investigating the effectiveness
of PCM wallboards for summer thermal comfort in buildings. Building and Environment.
59. pp.517-527.
Fisher, J. O., Birch, L. L. and Hughes, S. O., 2013. External influences on children’s self-served
portions at meals. International Journal of Obesity. 37(7). pp.954-960.
Galliers, R. D. and Leidner, D. E., 2014. Strategic information management: challenges and
strategies in managing information systems. Routledge.
Ghauri, E. and McMurray, D., 2013. Synergy in HR and Strategies, a Contemporary Need for the
Pakistan Pharmaceutical Industry. Australian Journal of Business and Management
Research. 3(9). p.46.
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Ghauri, E. and McMurray, D., 2013. Synergy in HR and Strategies, a Contemporary Need for the
Pakistan Pharmaceutical Industry. Australian Journal of Business and Management
Research. 3(9). p.46.
Grant, R. M., 2016. Contemporary strategy analysis: Text and cases edition. John Wiley & Sons.
Hoehn-Weiss, M. N. and Barden, J. Q., 2014. The influences of capital market munificence on
new-venture alliance formation in emerging industries. Strategic Organization. 12(4).
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Jerman, M., Orbanić, H. and Valentinčič, J., 2016. Measuring the Water Temperature Changes in
Ice Abrasive Water Jet Prototype. Procedia Engineering. 149. pp.163-168.
Kim, C., Kim, M. K. and DeMeester, K., 2013. Teacher beliefs and technology integration.
Teaching and Teacher Education. 29. pp.76-85.
Kuhn, S. L., 2014. Mousterian lithic technology: An ecological perspective. Princeton University
Press.
Maier, P. and Warren, A., 2013. Integr@ ting technology in learning and teaching. Routledge.
Mi, A. M., Heang, L. T. and West, B., 2016. External influences on the development and
professionalisation of accounting in Malaysia, 1957-1969. The Indonesian Management
& Accounting Research (IMAR). 10(2). pp.23-50.
Rotella, G. and Umbrello, D., 2014. Finite element modeling of microstructural changes in dry
and cryogenic cutting of Ti6Al4V alloy. CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology. 63(1).
pp.69-72.
Rotella, G. and Umbrello, D., 2014. Finite element modeling of microstructural changes in dry
and cryogenic cutting of Ti6Al4V alloy. CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology. 63(1).
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Wachowiak, H. ed., 2016. Tourism and borders: contemporary issues, policies and international
research. Routledge.
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