IMPLICATIONS OF ANTIDUMPING MEASURES FOR GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS - THE CASE OF SOUTH AFRICA
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THE MAJORITY OF THESTUDY RESPONDENTS MAINTAIN THAT THE ADOPTED ANTI-DUMPING MEASURES REMAINED IN- LINE WITH THE ADOPTED GLOBAL TRADE OBJECTIVES, BUT ALSO HIGHLIGHTED THE EXISTENCE OF A SHORTFALL WITHIN THE POLICY IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS IN SOUTH AFRICA.
IMPLICATIONS OF ANTIDUMPING MEASURES FOR GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS - THE CASE OF SOUTH AFRICA
Added on 2020-02-05
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IMPLICATIONS OF ANTI-DUMPING MEASURES FOR GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS - THE CASE OF SOUTH AFRICA A Dissertation Presented to
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ABSTRACT Antidumping policies have developed into essential trade elements in the local and global markets as they can facilitate the adoption of favorable trade policies. The introduction of antidumping policies in South Africa across GVCs has remained instrumental as they have directlyinfluencedthesocialand economicstructuresof GVCsand localbusinesses operating in the region. Anti-dumping policies remain crucial in the development of a competitive and fair business environment. The study explores the impact of anti-dumping policies on GVCs in South Africa through a review of the economic, financial, cultural and social influences of the policies on the local businesses and environment. The review of anti- dumping policies and consequent impact on GVCs remained crucial in the identification of the importance and impact of policy on local and global businesses. The analysis provides an exploration of the impact of globalization and a changing business environment on the workings of an organization and the global market. The study adopts a quantitative analysis that utilized correlation analysis in identifying the impact of anti-dumping policies on GVCs. The results highlight the importance of anti-dumping policies and consequent impact GVCs in South Africa. The majority of the study respondents maintain that the adopted anti- dumping measures remained in-line with the adopted global trade objectives, but also highlighted the existence of a shortfall within the policy implementation process in South Africa. The majority of the respondents maintain that there was no need to remove the historically adopted policies as they remain relevant to the modern day trade processes. However,thestudyrespondentsmaintainthatseveraladditionsandchangesmaybe incorporated to cater to the changing trade needs presented by the market. The adoption of recommendations would facilitate the development of a strong trade policy that would promote the strengthening of regional ties. Therefore, the majority of respondents remained in favor of the AD policies in relation to competitive policies and promoted the adoption of additional policies relating to the reduction of labor disruptions, improved infrastructure and the education system. The development of effective manufacturing and implementation systems together with adoption of effective logistical processes would facilitate the adoption and success of the existent trade regulations. 4
TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT...............................................................................................................................4 TABLE OF CONTENTS...........................................................................................................5 LIST OF TABLES...................................................................................................................10 LIST OF ACRONYMS............................................................................................................11 1CHAPTER ONE....................................................................................................................12 1.1General background of the study.....................................................................................12 1.2Research background......................................................................................................21 1.3Problem statement...........................................................................................................24 1.4Overview in methodology...............................................................................................25 1.4.1Research strategy......................................................................................................25 1.4.2Research design........................................................................................................26 1.4.3Data collection and instrumentation.........................................................................26 1.4.4Data collection procedures.......................................................................................26 1.4.5Data analysis.............................................................................................................27 1.4.6Ethical considerations...............................................................................................27 1.5Delimitations of the study...............................................................................................27 1.5.1Nature and size of sample........................................................................................28 1.5.2Uniqueness of the setting.........................................................................................28 1.5.3Time-period of the study..........................................................................................28 1.5.4Limitations of methods used....................................................................................28 2CHAPTERTWO LITERATURE REVIEW.........................................................................................................29 2.1Ansoff Matrix..................................................................................................................32 2.1.1Evaluation of strategic options................................................................................34 5
2.2THE CONCEPT OF FREE TRADE...............................................................................35 2.3THE CONCEPT OF DUMPING....................................................................................36 2.4Trade defence measures..................................................................................................37 2.5Productivity.....................................................................................................................40 2.5.1Employee engagement.............................................................................................41 2.5.2Leadership................................................................................................................42 2.5.3Change......................................................................................................................43 2.6Global digital economy...................................................................................................44 2.7FDIs: Foreign business partnerships perspective............................................................45 2.7.1The theory of foreign direct investment (FDI).........................................................46 2.7.2Factors influencing the growth of FDIs..................................................................47 2.7.3The role of GVCs in South Africa’s economy.........................................................48 2.7.4Key factor in economic reform................................................................................49 2.8Significance role in industrial upgrading........................................................................49 2.9CHAPTER SUMMARY.................................................................................................51 3CHAPTERTHREE METHODOLOGY...................................................................................................................52 3.1Overview.........................................................................................................................52 3.1.1Chapter organisation.................................................................................................52 3.2The research philosophy..................................................................................................52 3.2.1The research approach..............................................................................................54 3.3The research design.........................................................................................................55 3.3.1Population and sampling..........................................................................................56 3.3.2Data collection..........................................................................................................58 3.3.3Data analysis.............................................................................................................60 3.4Addressing validity and reliability in quantitative research............................................61 6
3.4.1Validity.....................................................................................................................61 3.4.2Reliability.................................................................................................................62 3.5Ethical considerations......................................................................................................62 3.6Conclusion.......................................................................................................................63 4CHAPTERFOUR RESEARCH FINDINGS.........................................................................................................65 4.1Introduction.....................................................................................................................65 4.2Descriptive statistics........................................................................................................66 4.2.1Age and gender profiles of the respondents.............................................................66 4.2.2Experience of the respondents in the retail industry sector in South Africa............67 4.2.3Reaction of the South African market to the anti-dumping policies imposed on global value chains (GVCs) operating in the country......................................................68 4.2.4Reaction of the sales and market growth of GVCs, as a result of the anti-dumping policies in the country......................................................................................................69 4.2.5Role of AD policies in facilitating effective competition in South Africa...............70 4.2.6The perception of the government on the adoption of additional AD policies........71 4.2.7The understanding of South African businesses on the impact of AD on GVCs and local businesses................................................................................................................72 4.3Correlation analysis.........................................................................................................73 4.4Conclusion.......................................................................................................................76 5CHAPTERFIVE DISCUSSION..........................................................................................................................77 5.1Introduction.....................................................................................................................77 5.2Summary of the findings.................................................................................................77 5.3South Africa’s Anti-Dumping measures.........................................................................78 5.4Implementation of Anti-Dumping measures in South Africa.........................................79 5.5Industries benefitting from AD measures.......................................................................80 7
5.6Factors influencing the adoption of protection measures and the impact on local businesses.............................................................................................................................81 5.6.1Competition..............................................................................................................81 5.6.2Promotion of local businesses..................................................................................82 5.7Product protection...........................................................................................................83 5.8Key Challenges faced by local businesses......................................................................83 5.9Impact of Anti-Dumping measures on business and economic growth..........................84 5. 10Chapter summary.........................................................................................................85 CHAPTER 6.............................................................................................................................85 Conclusion and recommendations........................................................................................85 Recommendations............................................................................................................87 REFERENCES.........................................................................................................................89 APPENDICES..........................................................................................................................94 1Appendix I: Participant information sheet.......................................................................94 2Appendix II: Questionnaire................................................................................................96 3Appendix III: Informed consent for participants..............................................................102 8
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