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Study on Epidemiology Research-NUR 408

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University of Phoenix

   

Health Communities (NUR 408)

   

Added on  2020-03-07

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A health survey in a city neighbourhood. This table presents the incidence rate IR (cumulative) and population size for two regions. The risk of incurring the disease during the year was about the same for individuals in region A as for those in region B. Summarize the differences between the crude prevalence and the age-standardised rate.

Study on Epidemiology Research-NUR 408

   

University of Phoenix

   

Health Communities (NUR 408)

   Added on 2020-03-07

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UNIVERSITY:NAME :STUDENT ID:COURSE CODE COURSE NAMEASSIGNMENT EPIDEMILOGY RESEARCH
Study on Epidemiology Research-NUR 408_1
Epidemiology Research Q1. “In a health survey in a city neighbourhood 431 people aged 65 or above were examined, 52were found to have congestive heart failure. Each person was examined once, but the examinationwas staggered over a period of two years (given the sample was relatively big n=431)”a.“What was the prevalence of congenital heart failure?” [ Mark 2]-Total number of cases/ total population-52/431= 0.12-Prevalence of congenital heart failure is 0.12b. “Is it a point or period prevalence?” [ Mark 2]-Period prevalence; in this case the proportion of the population above age 65 who are having congestive heart failure was being calculated. Q2. “This table presents the incidence rate IR (cumulative) and population size for two regions” “Which of the following statements are True (if Any) – explain your answer by calculation if needed” a.There were the same number of cases in both regions [mark 1](True)-The prevalence for both regions when calculated will be;-Region A = 10/10000= 0.001-Region B = 5/5000= 0.001-Hence there were same numbers of cases for both regions as shown from the same prevalence of the disease.b.There were twice as many cases in region A then region B [mark 1]-False -The number of cases for both regions are the same since there was disparity in the population size, which varies in the ration of 1:2c.The risk of incurring the disease during the year was about the same for individual in region A as for those in region B [mark 1]-the incidence rate for the disease in the regions are that for region A; the incidence rate is ;10/1000.1-While for region B is ;2Region ARegion BPopulation size10,0005000IR of gastroenteritis 10 per 1005 per 100
Study on Epidemiology Research-NUR 408_2
Epidemiology Research 5/1000.05-Thus the risks for incurring the diseases in both regions were not the same. There is a high risk in region A than in B.d.The risk of incurring the disease during the year was twice as high for individuals in region A as for those in region B. (True) [mark 1]-The ration of incurring the disease in region A: B is 2:1, thus there is high risk for getting the disease in the region A compared than those in B.Q3 – “What will be the incidence rate of region A and Region B combined? [Mark 4]-Combined rate of incident for both regions will be the summative cases will be;-The number of cases which will be 15 cases for both regions divided by the number of the population thus;-15/15000-0.001-Meaning there is 1 case per 1,000 peopleQ4. “In an army base, where there is a complete change of personnel every 3 months and the totalbase is always 1000 (i.e., every 3 months 1000 new soldiers arrive and 1000 leave). It was found that2000 soldiers incurred syphilis every year. What is the yearly cumulative incidence of syphilis in thisbase? “ [mark 2]-Cumulative incidence calculated with the proportion of subjects experiencing theoutcome of syphilis during the one year.-2000 cases/ (12 months/3 months intervalx1000)-2000/4000-½ (100%) = 50%-Yearly cumulative incidence is 50%Q5. “Now assume that in each three-monthly batch of 1000 soldier there were 250 soldiers whocontracted syphilis after exactly one month (let’s say on the payday) and another 250 who did soafter precisely two months”. a.Calculate the sum total of the soldiers’ period of exposure to risk (person-time) for use as denominator [mark 2]-In the first three month batch of 250 soldiers 4 monthly episodes and 250 soldiers who are getting the disease after every 2 months which will give us 12months/2 months-6 months with 4 months episodes-Sum total of period of exposure is 10 monthsb.Calculate the person-time incidence rate [mark 2]3
Study on Epidemiology Research-NUR 408_3

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