Study on Native Vegetation in Australia and the United States

Running head: STUDY ON NATIVE VEGETATION IN AUSTRALIA AND THE UNITED
STATES
STUDY ON NATIVE VEGETATION IN AUSTRALIA AND THE UNITED STATES
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STUDY ON NATIVE VEGETATION IN AUSTRALIA AND THE UNITED STATES1
Introduction
Native Vegetation helps in controlling the pollution in the ecosystem. The well-being
of wildlife depends on this vegetation. Recently, the clearance of the native vegetation is
harming the biodiversity. The clearance can occur due to cutting down of trees, shrubs and
plants. It results in loss of habitats in those areas where the clearing of native vegetation is
occurring and the emission of greenhouse gas rises (Hanley, Shogren & White, 2019). In
recent times, the clearance of native vegetation is increasing at a higher rate than in a
condition where the native vegetation remained socially optimal. The clearance of native
vegetation is found recently more in the United States and Australia (IPBES, 2019). The
essay will be designed to point out the impacts of the native vegetation clearance in two
major economies of the World. The country chosen for the analysis is Australia and the
United States. Even the study will also note the policy role in determining the incentives
associated with the conservation of land and land clearing in those mentioned countries.
Overview of the analysis
Impact of the clearance of native Vegetation in Australia
In the year 2015 to 2016, the Government of New South Wales gave the direction of
clearing around 7000 hectares area of the native vegetation (Soe.environment.gov.au., 2019).
The above reason caused the death of a variety of species living in those areas, and this
further resulted in the loss of population of some species of those concerned regions. The
land clearing is resulting in low rainfall in Australia. This is because of the global warming
effect due to excessive pollution. Recently, Australia is facing adverse climatic variation
because of the emission of the greenhouse effect as a result of deforestation (Pc.gov.au.,
2019). Australia is one of the largest emitters of CO2 in the world. For this reason, in recent
times, Australia is suffering from a water crisis. Water is one of the essential components for

STUDY ON NATIVE VEGETATION IN AUSTRALIA AND THE UNITED STATES2
irrigation purpose. Due to the clearance of native vegetation and forest areas, there is a water
scarcity in the country. This is resulting in the water crisis in Australia that is contributing in
low as well as poor production of agricultural products. This is affecting the health condition
of those habitants living in the country, Australia. The native vegetation clearance is resulting
in the externality because the Australian economy is facing low marginal benefit. Hence, to
reduce the land clearance or especially the native vegetation clearing, the government of
Australia is trying to design some policies accordingly. In this way, the marginal social cost
of the country is increasing (Lawes et al., 2015). Thus, now the marginal social cost of the
country is becoming more than the marginal social benefit leading to the negative externality.
Thus, the clearance of native vegetation is increasing at a higher rate than in the optimal
social situation.
Effect of the clearance of native Vegetation in the United States
In the year 2018, the deadliest fire broke out in the forest of California, situated in the
United States. Around 8527 acres of land was destructed because of the reason mentioned in
the above statement (Carrero & Fearnside, 2011). This led to the clearance of the native
vegetation in many parts of the United States. The smoke, which was generated from the fire,
is creating more fog in the countries. As a result, this is leading to more accidents in those
areas. Even the people who live in the United States are facing a breathing problem. Hence,
this is leading to an increase in health care cost that the publics living in the United States
have to use for the treatment. The rate of mortality in the mentioned country is also rising
because of the mentioned issue (Halofsky et al., 2018). The landowners of those areas are
setting up new properties. This is helping in environmental instability. Thus, causing loss of
biological diversity. Therefore, the country is experiencing the climatic changes. As a result,
the inhabitants of variety of species living in those areas are in danger. Hence, the United
States, marginal benefit is continuously reducing. The external cost associated regarding the