Literature Review on Corporate Social Responsibility

This report presents a literature review on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), examining its importance in sustainable development and its impact on businesses. The report explores various aspects of CSR, including its definition, benefits, challenges, and best practices. It also analyzes the role of literature review in understanding CSR and its implications for businesses.

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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY.............................................................................................................................3
1 Literature review and what does it achieve.........................................................................3
2. Literature review in context to corporate social responsibility..........................................4
CONCLUSION..........................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Literature review is a inclusive summary of earlier research on a specific subject
matter. While doing research, researcher can take help of books, magazines, articles, websites
and other sources so that views of other persons can be analysed. It is helpful to develop
insights about the subject matter. Corporate social responsibility is the responsibility of
company to contribute towards sustainable development by delivering economic, social &
environmental benefits to the persons who lives in society. All compliances which are
associated to it required to be follow by the organisation. In this report, there are following
topics are covered such as: what is literature review and what does it to be achieve and
literature review about the topic corporate social responsibility.
MAIN BODY
1 Literature review and what does it achieve
Literature review is both a summary & description of the complete & current state of
knowledge on a boundless subject matter which originate through articles, newspapers, books
and journals. The main of it is to provide knowledge about a particular topic or an issue.
There are various authors and persons which are expert in a specific context and provide its
point of view about the topic. It is helpful to develop the insights in that persons who review
the literature. It is a scholarly paper that involves current knowledge such as: substantive
findings & theoretical contribution regarding a relevant matter. While doing research it is
important to know the views and thinking of other persons and what they thought about an
issue or topic. There are various types of literature review such as: instrumental, exploratory
& evaluative. It is helpful to build a landscape for reader and provide the understanding
which can benefited in its work. It provides a critical evaluation of work & synopsis of a
specific field of research. Literature review is beneficial to expands the reasons for choosing
a required questions of research. To know the objective is important which is able to fulfil the
requirements of project. It is important to provide enough knowledge and proper findings
which are associated to a matter and the quality of work is required to be perfect which draw
a meaningful outcomes and provide the conclusion of it (Skarmeas and Leonidou, 2013).
This is helpful to achieve the objectives of research which is conducted by an
individual. The main purpose which is associated to it are as follows: it gives readers easy

access to research on a specific matter by choosing high quality journals, make sure that
researcher do not copy the work which is already done. It is helpful to provide methodologies
& approaches of previous researchers and to draw findings with conclusions. To analyse
inconsistencies & gaps in literature. To know the point of views of other persons. There are
various books, journals, articles and magazines are being used by the researcher to know the
reviews of other persons about a single topic so that meaningful outcomes can be come up
and which provide valid conclusion. There is specific problem which is try be resolve so that
a valid outcome can be produce. It is important to know the views of different individuals
about a single topic which is helpful to analyse the gap in order to enhance the quality of
work. So it can be said that literature review is very helpful (Vlachos and Rapp, 2013). There
are various types of literature reviews such as: argumentative review, integrative review,
historical review, methodological review, systematic review etc. As argumentative review
examines literature selectively which contribute, or idealistic issues previously consider in the
literature and the main motive is develop a body of literature which denotes a constrains
viewpoint. Integrative review is a type of research which reviews & synthesizes shows
literature on a topic in an integrated way like frameworks & perspective on the topic are
generated. It involves the studies address hypothesis and any other issue. Historical review
has emphasis on evaluating research for a specific time duration where as methodological
review is emphasis on want is said by someone and it is helpful to know the views of others
about a specific topic (Martínez and del Bosque, 2013).
2. Literature review in context to corporate social responsibility
CSR is a approach which is beneficial in context to social development and provide
benefits and support the social and economic development. It is the responsibility of
companies to involve in corporate social responsibility and its activities. Organisations are
responsible to fulfil their duties in order to protect the interest of various stakeholders. In the
development if a nation it contributes a lot. According to Hopkins 2017, the corporations
have to follow the corporate social responsibilities and the activities which are associated
with it. As companies use the resources of society so there is a responsibility of it to do
something for the people and nation for the purpose of welfare and development. There are
various rules and regulations which are related to it and firms have to follow it (Hopkins,
2017). There is a compliance officer in the organisation who is responsible to follow the rules
which are related to it. It ensures that corporations is doing some social work for the
stakeholders as well as nation. As firm uses the resources such as man, money, land, power

and material in order to get the maximum profits so that business can run and growth for a
long period of time and achieve the specific objectives which are related to the business and
its growth. It exist in a symbiotic relationship with the environment where it exchange with
the larger environment which shows a large extent how well do in revenue seeking
accomplishments. It denotes the belief which organisation have a responsibility to society
beyond its obligations towards the various stakeholders and the owners. The profits which are
generated by the firm is need to be spent for some benefit of the society and its people. As the
companies law have made various regulations in context to it and it is required to be follow
by the firm so that business does not affected.
According to Prabhu 2013, corporate social responsibility are associated with the
compliances which are required to be fulfil as per the need. All companies have its own
criteria that how amount is require to be spend for the purpose of CSR activities. There is fix
percentage set by the companies law and it is based on profit which means there is a specific
percentage of profits which is needed to be contribute for the purpose of corporate social
responsibility. All countries have its owns rules and regulations which are needed to be fulfil
by the organisation so that business can sustain for a long term and generate maximum
profits. The corporations have to pay some specific percentage from its profits for the
purpose of corporate social responsibility. As an instance, in any firm does not have
sufficient profits in a particular financial year and it cannot contribute for the CSR related
activities. In that case there is no binding on the organisation that they have to contribute for
the propose of corporate social responsibility (Prabhu, 2013). The next year in which
company earn sufficient profits than it can contribute towards the CSR and the activities
which are associated to it. There is a compliance department in the corporations which take
care the matters which are related to the of corporate social responsibility. It is the obligation
of firm to involves in social welfare activities for the benefit of people as well as nation.
There are various issues which are related to corporate social responsibility and which
involves: local social licence to operate, integration of CSR into mainstream business because
of legal and government issues & community affairs are still lagging, collaborative
approaches to cumulative sustainability impacts. Accountability & responsibility for social &
environmental performance in supply chain (Lii and Lee, 2012).
According to the Zhang 2014, all companies have to involve in the activities which
are related to CSR and it is important for it. Contribution can be in the form of donation,
charity or any other way. As organisations build hospitals for the benefit of people and some

companies have emphasis towards the development of infrastructure for the purpose of
development of nation. As some organisations run NGOs for the purpose of social welfare.
These are the activities which are done by firm in context to corporate social responsibility
(Zhang and Li, 2014). It is helpful to increase the reputation in the market that the company is
doing the CSR activities and concern about the welfare and growth of society and the people
who lives in the country. As a results reputation and market image will be increase and it is
helpful to attract the consumers towards the corporation. Organisation have a responsibility,
its obligations towards the various stakeholders and the owners are required to be fulfil.
There is no any specific form in which obligations related to corporate social responsibility
are needed to be fulfil. It is the desire of firm that what manner is more suitable for them in
context to the CSR activities. But it is compulsory for all companies to fulfil the
responsibilities and duties which are related to the CSR and if these are not meet by the
corporations than as per the companies law fines and penalties can be impose and it can affect
the profits of company and its performance. So it is compulsory for the corporations to
contribute in context of corporate social responsible if it is earning profits and in case an
organisation does not have sufficient profits than there is no compulsion.
As a recommendation it can be said that for the organisation it is required to involve
in of corporate social responsibility and the activities which are related to it. It is the
responsibility of companies to do some welfare for the country and the development of
society and the nation. For that purpose there is need of compliance officer which takes care
about these matters and it is benefited for the business growth as well as success. As per the
literature review it can be said that it is the obligation of corporations to involves in CSR
related activities (Lankford and Frucht, 2003).
CONCLUSION
As from the above report, it has been concluded that with the help of literature review,
reader can know the views and ideas of different persons about a single topic which is helpful
to develop the insights and understanding. It is beneficial to fill the gap which is helpful to
resolve the problems and issues. As corporate social responsibility is the responsibility of
company which is require to be fulfil. Organisations are responsible to fulfil their duties in
order to protect the interest of various stakeholders. In the development if a nation it
contributes a lot. There are various compliances which are associated with it and it is the duty

of management to meet them so that its business does not get affected and sustain for a long
period of time.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Hopkins, M., 2017. CSR and international development. In CSR and Sustainability (pp. 88-
108). Routledge.
Lankford, C. S. and Frucht, D. M., 2003. A unique role for IL‐23 in promoting cellular
immunity. Journal of leukocyte biology7.3(1). pp.49-56.
Lii, Y. S. and Lee, M., 2012. Doing right leads to doing well: When the type of CSR and
reputation interact to affect consumer evaluations of the firm. Journal of business
ethics. 105(1). pp.69-81.
Martínez, P. and del Bosque, I.R., 2013. CSR and customer loyalty: The roles of trust,
customer identification with the company and satisfaction. International Journal of
Hospitality Management .35. pp.89-99.
Murthy, C. S. R., 2014. Ad hoc wireless networkd: Architestures and protocols. Pearson
Education India.
Prabhu, C. S. R., 2013. E-governance: concepts and case studies. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd..
Skarmeas, D. and Leonidou, C. N., 2013. When consumers doubt, watch out! The role of
CSR skepticism. Journal of business research. 66(10). pp.1831-1838.
Vlachos, P. A., Panagopoulos, N. G. and Rapp, A. A., 2013. Feeling good by doing good:
Employee CSR-induced attributions, job satisfaction, and the role of charismatic
leadership. Journal of business ethics.118(3). pp.577-588.
Zhang, S. and Li, C. S. R., 2014. Functional clustering of the human inferior parietal lobule
by whole-brain connectivity mapping of resting-state functional magnetic resonance
imaging signals. Brain connectivity. 4(1). pp.53-69.