Suicide and Its Prevention: A Literature Review

Running head: SUICIDE AND ITS PREVENTION
SUICIDE AND ITS PREVENTION
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1SUICIDE AND ITS PREVENTION
Abstract
Suicide is an act of causing one’s own death intentionally in which the chief risk
factors are chiefly psychological. These mental factors include depression, personality
disorder and schizophrenia. Due to substance abuse like drugs, alcohol and other
psychoactive drugs the people are compelled to commit suicide. In addition to this, suicide
can also be the consequence of financial difficulties, bullying and difficulties
with relationships. According the scholars, the people who once have attempted suicide, can
be at a higher risk for future attempt of the same. This is why numerous associations of social
care practitioners have been trying utmost to limit the access of suicide among the young
people of the country and pacify the already suffered. In this aspect various literature can be
named where the authors have tried to find out the actual reasons of suicide attempts and
discussed the trends of attempting suicide among the citizens of specific regions.
Literature review
Florentine and Crane (2010) have discusses the approach of imitating the access to the
suicide method strategized by many national suicide prevention organisations. These authors
have analysed two main attempts that these associations use to limit access are physical and
cognitive. In their analysis, the authors have reviewed physical imitation of attempting
suicide in the lights of access to catalytic converters, domestic gas, firearms, jumping,
paracetamol, pesticides and the methods used in prisons. On the other hand, the cognitive
impacts have been discussed mainly with the regard to media to provide access to the
technical information as well as sensational and inaccurate portrayals of attempting suicide.
This literature has drawn psychological models of suicidal behavior then explored the
methods to limit access to suicide (Haring, 2011). In addition to this, the literature has also
pointed out the potential problems and limitations to take initiatives for eliminating substitute

2SUICIDE AND ITS PREVENTION
or alternative methods which the attempters use when their fail to commit suicide. These
authors have mainly supported the psychological prevention strategy to prevent such issues.
O'Connell (2012), on the other hand have discussed the fast-increasing trends of
attempting suicide among all the age groups of people. To him, these issues can be reduced
by the appropriate care of the advanced practice psychiatric nurses who possess necessary
skills to intervene in the suicidal crisis. To the author not every healthcare practitioner
identifies and deal with acutely suicidal children and adolescents and they will not feel
comfortable to recognize and interven in the suicidal crisis but the advanced practice
psychiatric nurses can easily prevent the second attempt of the victims (Mian & Sufi, 2015).
The scholars like Wu, Chen and Yip (2012), have focused their study of suicide and
its prevention to the examination of the statistics of suicide attempts among the Asians and
strategized some methods to reduce these fast-growing incidents. To these authors, the Asian
countries lacks systematic exploration of suicide methods than the countries of Europe or
America. This literature therefore, has examined the leading trends of suicide methods in the
Asian countries. In addition to this, the paper has also discussed their age as well as sex
specific features which have implications for the suicide prevention. According to the
authors, the suicide methods if the Asians reflect their particular economic, socio-cultural and
religious conditions in that region. Among the most frequent t methods that the people of this
regions prefer are charcoal burning, native plant poisoning, pesticide poisoning, self-
immolation finally jumping from high rise buildings (Fitzpatrick & Hooker, 2017). With the
introduction of technologies, the methods of suicide have recorded more changes. This is the
reason why the scholars have strategized to increase information in the societies so that the
communities of these regions can monitor as well as control the innovative methods of
suicide among the younger generations. These will also spread knowledge so that the
practices of suicide technologies can be prevented.