Summarising Public Health Informatics (including evaluation)

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SUMMARISING PUBLIC
HEALTH INFORMATIC

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction......................................................................................................................................1
PART 1............................................................................................................................................1
three public health-related Twitter accounts and summarise what individual have learned from
following these feeds for 5 weeks...............................................................................................1
PART 2............................................................................................................................................4
Understanding of telemedicine....................................................................................................4
Barriers to the uptake of telemedicine in Australia.....................................................................5
Recommendations........................................................................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REREFENCES................................................................................................................................7

Introduction
Advancement in technology is increasing ways in which medical facility and services to
patients can be increased (Wootton, Craig and Patterson, 2017). Telemedicine is a kind of
technology that can be used by healthcare providers and patients in which healthcare services to
patients can be provided remotely. It even makes it much easier for healthcare providers to
provide their services to the patients regardless of their location. Telemedicine has not only
helped in increasing provision of healthcare facilities to people but it has also made
communication, monitoring of patient’s health much easier. This assignment will lay emphasis
upon understanding of telemedicine and barriers to the uptake of telemedicine in Australia.
PART 1
three public health-related Twitter accounts and summarise what individual have learned from
following these feeds for 5 weeks
The three public health related Twitter accounts which will be discussed in the report includes
@TheMarmotReview, @JMedInternetRes, telemedicine_Jn. This section will lay emphasis on
the learning from these Twitter accounts. It will tell what one has learned from this account for 5
weeks. It includes the following:
TheMarmotReview: This is the institute of Health equity. This institute is being engaged in
reducing down the health inequities by tackling and analysing the social determinants of health.
They joined the Twitter account in July 2011. On July 8 they have retweeted the tweet of
Equality trust in which they have been concerned about that the council has reduced down the
spending per person and it has been decreased in more deprived areas. By seeing the 5 weeks’
update from this account it can be said that they are aggressively been engaged in reducing down
the health inequalities so that more people can get access to fair and equal treatment. The
Marmot review is also being concerned about that the ethical principle of equity is been followed
related to pandemic (RAVÌ AND ET.AL., 2016). On July 8 they have retweeted the tweet of world
medical association related to the ethical principles. It can also be said that this instuture is also
been concerned about enhancing the well-being centred recovery. They have also provided
various ways related to the well-being recovery like for example they have suggested people to
enhance their working conditions. They also want people to make sure that in order to enhance
their well-being they must make sure that individuals are been provided with healthy places to
work and live. From the past 5 week updates it can be said that The Marmot Review is been
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involved in providing suggestions related to how to be safe from THE covid-19 pandemic and
how to reduce down the inequalities related to the same. They have been engaged in tackling
health inequalities in the light of Marmot review and Covid-19. The Marmot Review is making
sure that health inequity is been advanced during post COVID-19 (HOLZINGER, 2016). They are
making sure that all people are provided with better health treatment and the people who have
suffered from COVID and after get treated no discrimination happens with them. This is the
basic aim of institute of health inequity and it can be seen from their Twitter accounts. They are
also fighting towards the social justice, health equity and COVID-19. The institute has also
posted about how during the pandemic the rich have got richer and the poorer get poorer. The
institute of health inequity is emplacing on building better opportunity so that they can reduce
down the impact of Pandemic and also by this will be able to build back better. The Marmot
Review has also retweeted about how they have seen social inequalities during the COVID-19
and this has led to the increase in mortality rate. They have said that the social determinants of
inequities during COVID-19 has been similar to the social determinants of health in general. The
institute has been engaged in reducing down the health inequities so that the health outcome of
patient can be improved and enhanced. The recent tweets were related to reducing the unfair
treatment which is been provided to the population or group of people. They are trying to
reducing the inequities.
telemedicine_Jn: The Tele-medicine and e-health provides the most innovative and creative
solutions to the patients’ needs and has also been engaged in managing their records, so that
better care can be provided to them. From this account it can be said that the e-health services are
been involved in providing digital solutions in order to reduce the problems related to COVD-19.
The institute is being trying to mitigate the pandemic situation (ASHRAFI AND ET.AL., 2019).
They have also provided the details about the challenges and obstacles which has acted as a
barrier to adopt tele medicines. They have been acted as a barrier towards the adoption of e-
health. The institute has also discussed about the role of tele-health in the management of
COVID-19 and the importance of using the telemedicine during the time of such pandemic
situation. The last 5 weeks’ update from this account has only been related to managing the
procedures of treatment through tele-medicine and too in the time of COVID-19 pandemic. They
have also been supporting and making sure that there has been a development related to research
all around the world so that better solutions can be developed to save one self from the COVID-
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19 pandemic. This is the reason that Tele-Medicine Journal has been engaged in supporting the
research and development. Their account has also provided the information that the journal had a
quick response to natural disaster so that they can provide better digital solutions related to it.
The Tele-medicine journal has been engaged in making world a better place by providing
digitalised solutions to the problems faced by patients. There are various barriers which has been
faced by the journal in order to enhance the liking of Tele-medicines. They have also tweeted
about how beneficial can be the use of tele-medicine in the management of pandemic situation.
All the recent tweets were related and based on it.
JMedInternetRes: They journal is been engaged in enhancing the use of digital health
platforms and providing digital solutions to people suffering from mental health crisis. They
have also been engaged in enhancing the digital science. This is basically the journal of medical
internet research. They have also provided the solutions related to how to manage the anxiety
and stress during the pandemic situation. These solutions have also been retweeted by World
health organization. They have also published the articles related to the four pillars of infodemic
management. The recent history of the account is also about managing the stress and tensions
during the time of Pandemic which is also quiet necessary so that health outcome of people can
be enhanced. In this the have mention about the signs and symptoms of COVID-19 and the
precautionary measures which can be taken by patients who have been suffering from this
endemic disease.
The journal has also conducted an Instagram based study so that they can understand about
the Betel nut which has been used as the culture in Micronesia. In this the institute has made use
of the exploratory content analysis. They have also provided the information about the benefits
of using VR based theory as it has given promising results to have a control over the chronic pain
which has been faced by the patients (Ravì and et.al., 2016). All the recent tweets by the journals
have been related to the improvising health and mental health aspects of individuals. They have
also been posting so many tweets related to the pandemic situation and providing various
suggestions related to precautionary measures need to be taken by people. They have also
tweeted about the QR based framework which can assist people to be normal during the crisis
time and returning to work and normal activities during pandemic situation. All these is being
given so that the mental health aspects of people improve during the critical time and they are
been able to be normal which is really necessary. This is basically the journal of medical internet
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research. They have also provided the solutions related to how to manage the anxiety and stress
during the pandemic situation. It has also been analysed that the recent tweets by the account has
only been related to enhancing the health outcome of people and too with the help of digitalised
solutions. This will assist people during pandemic time.
PART 2
Understanding of telemedicine
Telemedicine’s can be defined as kind of practise in which care to patients is provided
remotely when both patient and care provider is not present physically with each other.
Advancement in modern technology has helped in making it much easier for doctors to consult
their patients with the help of video conferencing tools. Telemedicine not only help in provision
of care to patients but also helps in proper post- treatment follow- ups especially in case of
chronic diseases or care. However, slow adaptation to modern technology has made this
technology a bit slow and difficult to adopt in a proper manner. But increasing expansion of
technology and advancement in this sector has made it a bit important for health care providers
to adopt this technology. New generation people are more technology savvy which has made it
important for professional in this sector to adopt telemedicine and because of this telemedicine
has a most essential part of healthcare sector. In simple words it is a remote delivery of
healthcare services which has divided telemedicine into three main categories (Elliott and Yopes,
2019). First, interactive medicines which helps both healthcare practitioners and patients to
communicate with each other in real time. Second is store and forward in which healthcare
providers are allowed and can share their patient’s information with other healthcare
practitioners present at another location. Third is remote patient monitoring in which caregivers
of practitioners can monitor health of their patients who cannot be present physically with them.
It is majorly done with the help of mobile devices and data collection method in which sugar, BP
can be measured. Implementation of telemedicine can be both simple and complex for both
patients and practitioners. Some of the healthcare organizations have their own virtual clinical
solutions in which telemedicine software is pre- installed. Using this software, they can not only
handle their patients and care provided to them but can also check availability of their staff
members, behavioural change of their practitioners etc. Other than this there are some individual
telemedicine software of applications that can be used by physicians in which they can register
themselves and can provide service to their patients remotely (Zachrison and et. al., 2020). In
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other words, it can be said that telemedicine has made it much easier for healthcare providers
working in healthcare sectors to provide their services to their patients regardless of their
location.
Barriers to the uptake of telemedicine in Australia
Telemedicine and its use in medical industry has been increasing continuously. More
than 40 percent healthcare professionals in healthcare sector have been using telemedicine in
Australia. However, still 60 percent of healthcare providers do not focus upon using telemedicine
because of various kinds of barriers. These barriers are mostly related to information and
communication technology. These barriers can be faced by almost all the professionals who uses
telemedicine software or applications. Some of the main issues or barriers related to telemedicine
are as follows:
 Security concerns: Both healthcare providers and patients have issues with telemedicine die
to sensitivity of information which is shared between provider and patient. Both healthcare
providers and patients share their personal information with each other though telemedicine
applications or software’s. But not all applications or software’s are safe for exchanging
these kinds of sensitive information. It is important to use a safe and secure medium for
telemedicine so that security of the data exchanges can be ensured.
 Poor access to internet or technology: Even though advancement and development in each
and every part of the world is taking place but still some rural parts of Australia do not have
proper internet connection. Not only this, some of the parts of Australia do not access to
technology like computer or other technology required for telemedicine (L'Esperance and
Perry, 2016). Despite of the fact that doctors in rural areas are focusing upon adopting
telemedicine technology but it is one of the main barriers for patients i.e. without proper
technology and internet they cannot remotely access healthcare services provided by their
practitioners.
 Lack of interest in modern technology: Many people still do not use telemedicine because of
their lack in interest in modern technology they do not prefer using telemedicine technology
service. It is another barrier for healthcare practitioners because it becomes difficult for them
to provide services to the patients who do not have interest in using modern technology.
Recommendations
There are various ways in which these main key barriers can be addressed such as:
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 In order to overcome security concerns with usage of technology there are various ways to
overcome it. Professional practitioners can use telemedicine technology that comply with
HIPPA compliance as there are various kinds of compliances for usage of technology. This
will help in ensuring security concerns associated with Technology (Otto and Harst, 2019).
 Government can focus upon providing internet facility to people living in rural areas so that
it becomes easier for them to access internet without any issues. This will further help rural
people to access telemedicine technology easily.
 Awareness campaign can be conducted so that awareness bout modern technology can be
increased within people. Benefits of telemedicine technology for patients can be explained to
the patients so that they can understand ways in which usage of telemedicine
software/applications or technology can be done.
CONCLUSION
From the above study it has been summarised that there have been three twitter accounts
which has been followed so that their recent five-week update can be analysed and evaluated. It
has been analysed that the Marmot Review has been engaged in reducing the inequalities of
health during the time of pandemic situation. It has also been discussed benefits of Tele-
medicine for handling down the management related to COVID-19. It has also been evaluated
that Telemedicine’s has been defined as kind of practise in which care to patients is provided
remotely when both patient and care provider is not present physically with each other. It has
also been analysed from the report that professional PR actioners has made use of
telemedicine’s. It has also been summarised that The institute of health inequity is emplacing on
building better opportunity so that they can reduce down the impact of Pandemic and also by this
will be able to build back better. They have been engaged in enhancing the health outcome of
people by reducing down the health inequalities. They have been engaged in making sure that
better and fair treatment has been provided to everyone.
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REREFENCES
Books and Journals
Elliott, T. and Yopes, M.C., 2019. Direct-to-consumer telemedicine. The Journal of Allergy and
Clinical Immunology: In Practice. 7(8). pp.2546-2552.
L'Esperance, S.T. and Perry, D.J., 2016. Assessing advantages and barriers to telemedicine
adoption in the practice setting: A MyCareTeamTM exemplar. Journal of the American
Association of Nurse Practitioners. 28(6). pp.311-319.
Otto, L. and Harst, L., 2019. Investigating Barriers for the Implementation of Telemedicine
Initiatives: A Systematic Review of Reviews.
Wootton, R., Craig, J. and Patterson, V., 2017. Introduction to telemedicine. CRC Press.
Zachrison, K.S., and et. al., 2020. Understanding barriers to telemedicine implementation in rural
emergency departments. Annals of Emergency Medicine. 75(3). pp.392-399.
Ravì, D. and et.al., 2016. Deep learning for health informatics. IEEE journal of biomedical and
health informatics.21(1). pp.4-21.
Holzinger, A., 2016. Interactive machine learning for health informatics: when do we need the
human-in-the-loop?. Brain Informatics.3(2). pp.119-131.
Ashrafi, N. and et.al., 2019. Health informatics in the classroom: An empirical study to
investigate higher education's response to healthcare transformation. Journal of
Information Systems Education.25(4). p.5.
Lai, A.M. and et.al., 2017. Present and future trends in consumer health informatics and patient-
generated health data. Yearbook of medical informatics.26(01). pp.152-159.
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