Having and being an other-sex crush during early adolescence

Summary papers for research
articles

Table of Contents
Having and being an other-sex crush during early adolescence......................................................1
Rationale and purpose of study...................................................................................................1
Adequate literature reviewed......................................................................................................1
Aims and hypothesis/ses.............................................................................................................1
Experimental methodology.........................................................................................................1
Appropriateness of methodology................................................................................................2
Interpretation of results...............................................................................................................2
Summary of finding of research..................................................................................................2
Research limitation......................................................................................................................2
Conclusion of articles..................................................................................................................2
Ethical consideration...................................................................................................................3
The associations of birth order with personality and intelligence in a representative sample of
U.S. high school students.................................................................................................................4
Rationale and purpose of study...................................................................................................4
Adequate literature reviewed......................................................................................................4
Aims and hypothesis/ses.............................................................................................................4
Experimental methodology.........................................................................................................4
Appropriateness of methodology................................................................................................5
Interpretation of results...............................................................................................................5
Summary of finding of research..................................................................................................5
Research limitation......................................................................................................................5
Conclusion of articles..................................................................................................................5
Ethical consideration...................................................................................................................5
Post-tsunami Stress: A Study of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Children Living in Three
Severely Affected Regions in Sri Lanka..........................................................................................6
Rationale and purpose of study...................................................................................................6
Adequate literature reviewed......................................................................................................6
Aims and hypothesis/ses.............................................................................................................6
Experimental methodology.........................................................................................................6
Appropriateness of methodology................................................................................................7
Interpretation of results...............................................................................................................7
Summary of finding of research..................................................................................................7
Research limitation......................................................................................................................7
Conclusion of articles..................................................................................................................7
Ethical consideration...................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

Having and being an other-sex crush during early adolescence
Rationale and purpose of study
Researchers conducted research study as they found that very few studies have been conducted
in this subject area and phenomenon. According to researchers, other sex crushes have been
examined via retrospective accounts and other studies which fails to provide difference between
crushes and other types of relationship. Researchers has defined crush, it characteristics and
psychologies of adolescence while making or being a crush of someone by using theories and
studies conducted by previous researchers.
Adequate literature reviewed
Researchers logically and systematically compared and contrast on the research papers, books
and journals proposed by senior researchers and authors. Researchers elaborated about crush and
sex differences simultaneously and provide comprehensive understanding which helps readers to
comprehend the aspect of study.
Aims and hypothesis/ses
The aim and hypothesis were not described clearly and it is difficult in identifying the exact
hypothesis of the study. The topic of study was having and being an other sex crush during early
adolescence which was the hypothesis of the study.
Experimental methodology
There were total of 544 participants selected for the study and the classification is described
below in the table:
Grade Boys Girls Mean Age
Sixth 68 114 11.65
Seventh 9 90 1.72
1

Eighth 76 105 13.73
The participants were selected from four public middle schools in suburban Buffalo, New York.
Questionnaire has been provided to them at end of fall semester so that students have adequate
time to get familiar with their classmates (Bowker et.al., 2012). Statistical analysis tools has been
used for assessing likeability and popularity, Physical and relational aggression, Physical
attractiveness, Relationship assessments and Psychological adjustment.
Appropriateness of methodology
The methodologies used are appropriate as the survey population was extensively large and data
analysis through statistical tools was a precise choice.
Interpretation of results
The result were interpreted in cohesive and systematic manner covering every aspect of the
topic. They are reasonable as these results provide explicit understanding. Researcher able to
justify the hypothesis.
Summary of finding of research
Findings states that majority of young adolescents have at least one crush. The findings were
adequately elaborated by researcher and related with the background of study.
Research limitation
Yes, researchers acknowledged research limitations and provide future research regarding unique
determinants of same sex and other sex crushes.
Conclusion of articles
Though, there was no specific heading for conclusion, researcher in explicit and succinct manner
able to summaries the articles.
2

Ethical consideration
Yes the study conducted ethically as researcher takes consent of students from their parents and
also told them their participation is voluntary.
3

The associations of birth order with personality and intelligence in a
representative sample of U.S. high school students
Rationale and purpose of study
There are lots of books for this subject has been available but still scientists results remain
inconclusive and controversial. Researchers conducted this study with the motive to identify the
association of birth order with personality and intelligence. They ave used theories proposed by
Sigmund Freud and Alfred Adler.
Adequate literature reviewed
In the article, researchers have conducted a robust literature review which covers all the aspect of
subject matter (Damian and Roberts, 2015). They have elaborated each and every aspect
regarding child psychology in literature review which helps in establishing theoretical
framework of the study.
Aims and hypothesis/ses
The hypothesis of the study has not been described explicitly in the research. The hypothesis
proposed by researcher was hypothesized birth order associations are that firstborns (versus
laterborns) tend to be more conscientious, less sociable, and higher in the dominance aspect of
Extraversion (Leadership).
4

Experimental methodology
In order to collect data, researchers used Project Talent which is longitudinal study that
embarked in 1960 with 5 per cent of high school students studying in America. Over 440000
students from grades 9 to 12 has participated and 377016 were taken as sample. Participants
were excluded prior to all analyses based on three factors: (a) low response credibility, (b) twin-,
triplet-, or quadruplet-status, and (c) only-child status. Thus, the final sample were taken as
272003 in which 263712 were coded as first born.
Appropriateness of methodology
In order to analyse the collected researchers used descriptive statistical analysis and inter
correlations analysis.
Interpretation of results
The results were interpreted in cohesive manner which helps in understanding what researchers
have identified in the research study. Researchers able to identify the link between birth order
and outcomes across numerous social categories.
Summary of finding of research
The findings of research were adequately described. Researchers able to examine nature and
magnitude of the nexus between personality and order of birth and intelligence and order of
birth.
Research limitation
The limitation of research study described by researchers was they were not able to control
several possibility essential confounds as inadequate availability of data. For future studies'
researcher said that they can include more objective of behavioural observation.
5

Conclusion of articles
The conclusion of article succinctly described by the researcher where they describe the essential
findings effectively and efficiently.
Ethical consideration
Researchers have conducted research in ethical manner by gaining consent of participants of the
study.
6

Post-tsunami Stress: A Study of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Children
Living in Three Severely Affected Regions in Sri Lanka
Rationale and purpose of study
Researchers conducted the research in order to identify the post tsunami stress disorder in
children living in Manadkadu (northern coast), Kosgoda (western coast), and Galle (southern
coast) in Sri Lanka. Researcher elucidated that due to lack of studies in this area influence them
in conducting research on this topic.
Adequate literature reviewed
Researchers have conducted robust literature review in the research study. They have taken
researches from authentic sources which helps them in enhancing the understanding level. They
have examined influence of previous traumatic events on the psychological conditions of
tsunami.
Aims and hypothesis/ses
There were no clear hypothesis of the study stated by the researcher. They have analysed the
post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Children Living in Three Severely Affected Regions in
Sri Lanka.
Experimental methodology
In order to gather data researcher conducted post-tsunami interventions that build on network
and experiences that developed within 3 years. Interview was conducted with the affected
communities living in three affected areas of Sri Lanka. Children of age group 8 to 14 years were
the participants of the study. 71 eligible children were selected and interviewed. Data were
analysed by using JMP 5.0 (SAS Institute) and
R 2.0.1
7

Appropriateness of methodology
The methodologies that selected by researcher were appropriate which assists in understanding
and comprehending the aspect of the research study effectively and efficiently. Through precise
research methodology researchers was able to carried out their research.
Interpretation of results
The result interpreted by researchers in cohesive and understandable manner. Readers can easily
able to comprehend what researchers studied about.
Summary of finding of research
Researchers identified that 87 per cent of children reported one or more traumatic events before
tsunami (Neuner et.al., 2006). Researchers able to provide summary of findings in brief and
succinct manner. Thus, readers can able to summaries the research effectively and efficiently.
Research limitation
Researcher contends that they could not able to accomplish a representative sampling of children
soon after tsunami.
Conclusion of articles
There was not a particular heading of conclusion and researchers summarized their research in
brief and succinct manner covering every aspect of research study.
Ethical consideration
Researchers have not described whether they have taken consent of the participants of the study
or not. Furthermore, they didn't describe anonymity of their responses and confidentiality of the
participants name. It was not identified in the research where researcher explained the motive of
research to the participants.
8