Spectrum Allocation

SURNAME 1
Spectrum Allocation
Name of Student
Name of Supervisor
Course Affiliated
Date

SURNAME 2
Abstract
Communication is fundamental in
any environment. With rapid technology
advancement, network management is
crucial in establishing proper
coordination of protocols. While
analyzing the unlicensed network and
frequency band, it is necessary to
mobilize cellular operators. The
unlicensed network band can lure internet
service provider into autonomous
establishing and managing high-
performing networks. Use of wireless
network has been on the increasing rate
over the decade. Cellular network and
Wi-Fi system architecture determines the
strength of the connection. In this report,
key points and challenges of massive
MIMO unlicensed are supported, which is
a modern approach in technology
coexistence. Also, the 4G cellular
network is analyzed about data sharing on
unlicensed spectrum.
Index Terms
LBT- Listen for talk
MF- Multifibre
TDD- Time division duplex
NLM- Network listening mode
MR- Mutual renting
LSP- limited spectrum pool

SURNAME 3
The principal methodology that
regulatory authorities use to assign a new
spectrum is mobile communication,
where the spectrum is accessed.
According to the rules of coordination
protocol, the devoted licensed frequency
is used by only one operator. Spectrum
access may be necessary for the mobile
systems of the fifth generation to provide
quality service in the radio networks. The
substitute for spectrum sharing is the co-
primary shared access where several users
use some part or all of the licensed
spectrum, and in cases of mutual renting
(MR), the operators have access to
frequency bands permitted to lease some
part of their licensed resources [1]. In
limited pool (LSP), an operator is given a
group license and uses a mutual
repository of resources which shares with
limited operators that have equivalent
access privileges.
The coordination protocols share
spectrum negotiation of peer networks;
for it to occur, one peer connection must
be provided for the operators’ and
decision rules to determine the outcome
of operator proposals. The licensed
spectrum that joins among operatives can
be recognized either orthogonally in time
or non-orthogonally. The orthogonal
operation involves sharing time with a
small capacity lead to time slots for
operators with heavy loads with the
probability of blocking and the frame
delay. The operators’ access the user
equipment, which indicates the quality of
shared channel and scheduling execution.
Non-orthogonal spectrum involves
sharing operator as a joint block of
spectral resources simultaneously.
Therefore it creates an inter-operator
intrusion [2].
Operators usually compete and
thus to make them cooperate, the basis of
legal framework or self- interest is used.
In this scenario, there is no doubt operator
is always ready to transfer exclusive data
with other components. Also, operators
discerned services to customers that are
dissimilar according to their business
simulations. Therefore, combined utility
optimization by a dominant entity is not
genuine. The system model of
coordination protocol studies shares co-
primary spectrum among few located
RANs that belong to various operators. In
the first stage, macro cells may not likely
participate in spectrum sharing but a
group of RAN is involved. In a two-
operator scenario, operators are not
willing to share information and unable to
estimate their competitor's objectives and
load network [3]. The graph below shows
cell edges for different base stations for
antenna configuration.
According to spectrum usage,
operators’ makes suggestions on sharing
spectrum based on outlined guidelines.
Operators that are involved in limited
spectrum pool (LSP) are believed to have
equal access rights to access the spectrum
[5]. On the other hand, in mutual renting
(MR), operators are free to access their
spectrum; therefore, the operator has
permission of using the spectrum at any
time. The protocol coordination ensures
operator is controlled and informs the
opponent, the opponent reject or accept
the proposal received for spectrum. The
spectrum sharing tools offer network
utility to the operator [4].