Surveillance and Disaster Planning

This document discusses various reports on surveillance and disaster planning, including the Victorian Royal Commission into the 2009 Bushfires, the Investigation into the London Bombings, Severe Tropical Cyclone Larry, and Psychological First Aid in Australia. It provides insights into the causes, impacts, and responses to these incidents.

Running head: SURVEILLANCE AND DISASTER PLANNING
SURVEILLANCE AND DISASTER PLANNING
Name of the Student:
Name of the Student:
Author Note:

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Report of the Victorian Royal Commission into the 2009 Bushfires:
Introduction:
In 2009, The Victorian Royal Commission inspected the environment of situations
surrounding the Bushfires. Premier John Brumby declared a Royal Commission inside the fires
to observe "all aspects of the government's bushfire strategy. On 13 February 2009 Premier John
Brumby announced that Justice Bernard Teague is the former magistrate of the Supreme Court of
Victoria on 13 February 2009. On 16 February 2009, the assistant Commissioners of Victoria
were selected, Ron McLeod and Susan Pascoe. On 20 April 2009, Jack Rush, who is the
commission counsellor, provided his primary address because all the provisional report and first
notice would contribute to the government through the commission in August.
Discussion:
The report would figure out the bushfire expulsion, and for the period of the commission
different bureaucrat’s judgment and performance were explored, such as CFA Operations Officer
Jason Lawrence, CFA Chief Officer Russel Rees and Commissioner of Emergency Services
Bruce Esplin. Russel Rees's information, defence and actions include: the first day the Integrated
Emergency Coordination Centre (IECC) had been verified and performed well from 7 February,
and that perception was confusing on that day and also very demanding. The fires were attacked
only the inward and not the outward portions (Linnenluecke & Griffiths, 2013). Esplin. Russel
Rees couldn’t get concentration on one fire for the reason that it would underestimate his broad
perspective. The commission’s enquiring openly to expose that Esplin. Russel Rees had not kept
any private connection with the process of the Kilmore East fire. The working bushfire
sometimes clears the area or sometimes protect the home, and this “stay and go” policy was

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inspected and also examined. The “stay and go” policy was established in the empirical claim,
which is investigated by Dr Katherine Haynes.
Conclusion:
It concluded that survival was more preferable for people to be fighting enthusiastically
when the fire spread at home after that shelter or vacate peacefully to be cemented on the roads.
In its last week, the commission and the government focused on the fuel-reduction burns in
Gippsland and Bendigo. As a result, not a single person of the 51 commendations of the
commission passed on the dealt with fuel reduction. However, there was significant public
anxiety that should be done very seriously.

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Report the Investigation into the London Bombings:
Introduction:
On July 7, 2005, in London England bombing coordinated by the Islamist terrorist and
suicide hit in London and their target upon the travellers who are travelling on the town’s public
transport during the morning rush hours. There are four dangerous Islamic terrorists detonated
individually, in the three homemade bombs in London Underground trains and a double-decker
bus in Tavistock Square and all over the city. The train bombings happened on the Circle line
area which is close to the Aldgate and at the Piccadilly line which is close to the Russell square
and Edgware road. In 18 different countries, 53 peoples were killed, and 700 peoples were
injured. All of the injured people are UK residents. In 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103
happened near the Scotland, England.
Discussion:
The explosions were happened by the triacetone triperoxide IED. After two weeks the
bombings were followed by serial attacks of different places in London. The 7 July attacks
happened after London, and this day the Olympic Games was start and London was the hosting
country in that time. The first bomb blasted on a London Underground C69 and C77 stock Circle
line sub-surface train, number 204 between Aldgate and Liverpool Street (K. Stern et al., 2014).
The second bomb detonated in the second car of London Underground C69 and C77 Stock
Circle line sub-surface train, number 216, between Edgware Road and Paddington. A third bomb
was blasted on the sixth car of London Underground Stock Circle line sub-surface train, number
311, between King's Cross St Pancras and Russell Square. Physical damaged and mental health

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effect on the people such as the imperceptive character of terrorist and the negative impact of
terrorism all over the world which has affected people’s mental health (Klontz & Jain, 2013).
Conclusion:
It concluded that the bomb blasting bus was removed and protected by the forensic
experts of Ministry. The bus and car give back to the owner on 15 October 2009. The "Spirit of
London" bus was burning in an Arson attack on October 2012. It was repaired and renovated at a
cost of £60,000.

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Report on Severe Tropical Cyclone Larry:
Introduction:
In the morning Severe Tropical Cyclone Larry goes across the tropical north Queensland
coast near Innisfail on March 20, 2006. No lives were missing, and no severe damages were
reported. But, in the middle of Babinda and Tully, Crops and infrastructure were damaged,
which estimated almost half a billion dollars. Major damage also happened in, Atherton
Tablelands, south to Cardwell and north to Cairns areas.
Discussion:
A tropical cyclone developed over the eastern Coral Sea and then reached March 18, in
the morning and go on towards the Queensland coast. Larry reached hurricane-force intensity
rapidly within the next 48 hours on March 18 at 56m/s speed. On 19 March it spread towards the
westwards coast. On 20 March, Monday Larry made landfall near Innisfail. When Larry moved
above the Atherton Tablelands, it forced high intensity, and its strength was 1400 UTC. Almost
10000 houses were damaged, and rail access and main roads were disrupted for more than ten
days for the heavy rainfall. In Queensland Cyclone Larry was viewed as the most powerful
cyclone. The government takes immediate actions for the enormous damages (Murphy et al.,
2014). In north and southwest Innisfail, electricity connection was cut. There are so many
damages in an electrical communication system, and supply was hampered in all over the city.
Power supply affected other vital services such as the water treatment works, water supply and
hospital’s works, which required emergency generators. In the town, rail access and road was
disconnected for more than seven days by flooding. Residential assets such as older homes suffer
for the flood because of the most significant wind damage because of their weak and without

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protections home-like ridge tops and construction regulations which is necessary for limited
cyclone-resistance measures at the period of the construction of the building and its minor
resilience effect on ageing procedures.
Conclusion:
It concluded that all of the present houses remained architecturally undamaged; however,
a lot of roller doors were damaged. The report found that the architecture should have been to
resist the cyclone Larry, such as the winds start its effect on the structure of the building the
inception required for convention the area's building standards.

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Report on Psychological first aid: An Australian Guide:
Introduction:
Psychological first aid is a style of serving people affected by a disaster or emergency. It
defines key values of support to help natural recovery. The aim of the psychological first aid is
reduced primary distress, endorse flexible coping and meet present requirements. It includes
supporting people to feel secure, associated with others, calm and positive, physically
manageable, emotionally and socially endorsed to others.
Discussion:
Psychological first aid is used instantly after a disaster or emergency. There are some
circumstances where people want an instant requirement for extra care which is offered by
psychological first aid. These people wish to specialised support. This involves people who are
seriously wounded and requiring immediate medical care, and they are not capable of performing
the primary activities of regular life, also threatening injury to themselves and others. There are
five main components of psychological first aid promote, such as safety, connectedness, calm,
self-efficacy, hope and group efficacy. Promote protection eliminate from, or reduce risk to,
threat of damage, and also help people to meet primary requirements for food, shelter, water,
material assistance and financial. Promote connectedness offer people to communicate with
friends and closed ones and keep children with their parents and other close relatives or families
together (Aakre, Lucksted & Browning-McNee, 2016). Promote calm helps people’s stability
that is affected or confused and also provide an environment, to take out stressful conditions or
disclosure to sights, smells of the urgency and sounds. Promote self-efficacy involves people in
meeting their requirements and helps in decision making, assists them in solving issues. Promote

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hope provides expectancy that allows people to recover. Group efficacy always assured people
that their feelings and emotions are normal ((Aakre, Lucksted & Browning-McNee, 2016).
Conclusion:
It concluded that psychological first aid has become more famous from the urgency of
research viewing the threats of severe incident and damages. From 2002, it has been mentioned
as a significant portion of providing psychosocial support for the emergency. Psychological first
aid skills also provide to public investigations and anniversaries of traumatic events, which take
place years after the experience.

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References:
K. Stern, E., Deverell, E., Fors, F., & Newlove-Eriksson, L. (2014). Post mortem crisis analysis:
Dissecting the London bombings of July 2005. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness:
People and Performance, 1(4), 402-422.
Klontz, J. C., & Jain, A. K. (2013). A case study on unconstrained facial recognition using the
boston marathon bombings suspects. Michigan State University, Tech. Rep, 119(120), 1.
Linnenluecke, M. K., & Griffiths, A. (2013). The 2009 Victorian bushfires: A multilevel
perspective on organizational risk and resilience. Organization & Environment, 26(4),
386-411.
Murphy, H. T., Metcalfe, D. J., Bradford, M. G., & Ford, A. J. (2014). Community divergence in
a tropical forest following a severe cyclone. Austral ecology, 39(6), 696-709.
Aakre, J. M., Lucksted, A., & Browning-McNee, L. A. (2016). Evaluation of Youth Mental
Health First Aid USA: A program to assist young people in psychological
distress. Psychological services, 13(2), 121.