Sustainable Tourism Development in Austria: Principles, Stakeholders, and Macro-Environmental Factors

This essay discusses sustainable tourism development in Austria, including principles, stakeholders, and macro-environmental factors. It also analyzes the motivating factors influencing the demand for tourism in Austria.

ESSAY

Table of Contents.
INTRODUCTION -.........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY-.................................................................................................................................3
Sustainable tourism and the principles for its development in Austria.......................................3
Role of stakeholders in decision- making regarding sustainable tourism development..............4
Analysing the macro environment factors that contributes to the sustainable development of
the tourism industry in Austria-...................................................................................................5
Analysing the macro-environment and tourists motivating factors influencing the demand of
the Austria....................................................................................................................................6
RECOMMENDATION-..................................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION-..............................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION -
Sustainable tourism is a very necessary and required part of the society in the present times. This
essay in particular describes the concept of sustainable tourism overall and also the principle that
are required for sustainable tourism (Budeanu. and et.al., 2016). Also, the stakeholders that are
involved in the decision-making of the sustainable tourism are described below. The essay also
describes the macro environmental factors that contribute to the sustainable development of the
tourism location in particular. Lastly, the analysis of the competitive micro-environment and the
tourist motivating factors that are affecting, influencing or impacting the demand of the tourism
product is also described below.
MAIN BODY-
Sustainable Tourism in Austria
Sustainable tourism and the principles for its development in Austria
Everything is becoming sustainable and every individual in the society is trying to move
towards a more sustainable world and also are inclined towards countries and businesses that are
more sustainable in nature and also moving towards a more sustainable approach within the
society (Higgins-Desbiolles., 2018). Sustainable tourism basically refers to the tourism in which
the current or present as well as the future social, environmental and economic impacts are taken
in account regarding the accomplishment of the needs of the visitors, the environment, the host
communities and the overall industry. The major motive, objective or aim of sustainable tourism
is increase the benefits and also reducing the negative effects that are caused due to tourism on
the destinations or the locations.
Austria is a European country located in the Southern part of the Central Europe. It is
very famous for the locations and tourism spots it has (Malik. Shah. and Zaman., 2016). Many of
the tourists like to visit the place to experience the unharmed and unruined beauty of nature in
the country. The country also believes in sustainable tourism. The country is filled with natural
beauty; hence, the country should make efficient use of the natural resources that are present
there.
For the development of sustainable development, the country has to follow and take in
account many standards or principles. Some of these principles are mentioned in the further
discussion and in -depth description regarding them is also provided further.

Using the resources in a sustainable manner- The resources that are present in the country,
basically in Austria are mainly the mountain ranges the country is specifically located amidst of.
These resources should be used sustainably, which precisely means that the people living or
visiting the country should not harm the resources in any way (Edgell Sr., 2016).
Reduction of waste and over usage of the natural resources- The major way through which
the natural resources of the country can be harmed is through the increased amount of wastage
through enhanced tourism in the country. And also, for increasing the economic conditions or
situations of the country in particular, the government should not keep on increasing the levels of
tourism or else this will harm the quality of the natural resources that are present in the country.
Maintenance of biodiversity- Through maintaining the biodiversity of the country, the amount
or the levels of tourists in the country will increase, this will not only enhance the present
economic conditions of the country but also help or support the economic development of
Austria in the long run. Also, more and more people of the world will be inclined towards the
concept of sustainable tourism through this, and more countries will promote safeguarding the
biodiversity of their own countries too.
Involvement of the local communities- Through involving the local communities in the process
of sustainable tourism, the local people living in the country will not harm the natural resources
of the country at any cost, because it will support their living and financial independence too.
Through including the local people, the tourists will also have a sense of respect regarding the
country and the tourism will also increase. This will impact the economic conditions of the
country in major ways, as the tourism will also increase and the businesses of the local people
will also develop.
Role of stakeholders in decision- making regarding sustainable tourism development.
Stakeholders are basically the people that are concerned, impacted or affected and related
to a certain concept. In this case the stakeholders present in the decision -making that is related to
the sustainable tourism development (Roxas. Rivera. and Gutierrez., 2020). There are four major
stakeholders that are necessary and essential part of the decision- making process of sustainable
tourism development, these are, the tourist, the government of the host country, the residents of
the host country and the businesses that are responsible for providing the products and the
services to the tourists visiting the country.

The tourist- These are basically the individual or a group of individuals that are visiting a
certain country. Obviously, if there will be no tourists there will be no tourism, they are the
reason for tourism. Everything precisely depends upon the choice regarding the decision for
opting for sustainable tourism of the tourists, if more people will be inclined towards sustainable
tourism and the concept of sustainability, then only countries will opt for the same to attract
these tourists.
The businesses- The businesses or the entrepreneurs that are present in the country providing
sustainable tourism also need to increase the level of relatability of their products as well as their
services to the concept or the approach of sustainability.
The government of host country- The government of the country that is providing sustainable
tourism plays the most important role in decision- making regarding the development or
movement of the people towards sustainable tourism. The government has the major decision
regarding implementation of sustainable tourism within the country or not, taking in account the
economic, political, social and other factors of the country in particular.
The residents or the local communities of the host country- The residents of the country also
need to support reducing the amount of waste that harm the natural resources and protect these
resources for their own good and also to enhance the quality of nature in the country.
Analysing the macro environment factors that contributes to the sustainable development of the
tourism industry in Austria-
There are various factors that contributes to the growth of the sustainable tourism industry in
Austria and there are as follows (Streimikiene and et.al., 2021)-
The political factors all those factors that are related with the politics of the particular country.
There are various factors that had contributed to the development of sustainable tourism industry
in Austria like The open borders makes it easy to access Austria country and today, travellers
often visit to that place whose visa is easily available, another macro economy factor is the
government and the political stability of Austria has been able to attract more tourist (Mckercher,
2022).
Economic factors are all those factors that is related with the economic of the Austria the
economy had contributed to the growth of the sustainable tourism industry because of the
increasing purchasing power and the raising technology models in tourism industry that has been

able to change the way how people used to travel. Companies like Uber and Airbase are playing
important role in it. Austria's government has given access to the technological industry in order
to increase tourism from all the countries of the world.
The social factors are also the macro economy factors that had contributed to the growth
of the industry. The first is the trend aspect that has lot to do with the social media platforms.
Today, the tourism is meant to express the social class and the purchasing power of the
individual. Trending places through the social media attract wide tourists. Not only this the
cultural harmony also is the factor that had contributed to the sustainable tourism of Austria.
The technological factor that had contributed to the sustainable tourism industry is the
proper and eco-friendly transport system (Rashideh, 2020). The other things included in the
technological factor is to provide the cheaper transportation system for the middle class people
and to provide them information regarding the tourism places through various websites and the
social media platforms. Cheaper transportation and the social media platforms has played an very
important role in the tourism industry of the Austria.
The legal factors also are the macro economy environmental factors. The Austria
government has been able to attract the larger section of the tourism industry because of its easy
access to the visa. Visa of countries plays a very important role to boost the tourism industry of
that country. Even there are banks in Austria that has been able to provide loans for the tourism
purpose.
The most important factor that contributes to the sustainable tourism spot of any country
is the factors that are related with the climate crisis and the pollution issues that the world is
facing today. Making such rules and regulation that tackles climate change and the pollution
negatively and decreases the issues of global warming has lot to do for attracting tourist
worldwide.
Analysing the macro-environment and tourists motivating factors influencing the demand of the
Austria.
There are various travel motives that induces one to travel to the particular destination.
Understanding the travel motives is crucial for the countries to attract travellers from all over the
world (Albayrak and caber, 2018). The first and the most basic motive for the travellers is the
Physical consciousness that is connected with the physical relaxation and the well-being. The

Austria government has been able to advertise its tourist industry in such a way that people travel
to free themselves from the monotonous daily life routines. Cultural and the historic factors of
the particular place is also the motivating factors for the tourist to visit any particular place. The
Austria government is trying to create the desire on the minds of travellers to visit Austria for
getting the experience and the knowledge of the different cultures from which the Austria
country belongs too (Zhang and walsh, 2021).
The interpersonal motivation is that kind of motivation that one has in him like the desire
to meet new people, visit new places and escape from the daily routines. This type of motivation
comes from within that enables the travellers to go to the certain new place and experience
something new. The last factor that contribute as the motivating factors is the status and prestige
that of the traveller and which is directly related to travelling for the particular purpose like for
the education or for the hobby. Today, many individuals has started thinking that the status is
very important symbol to create a perception of the individual. For creating perception people
travel lot and visit many places as they can.
RECOMMENDATION-
The Austria government has been able to maintain the sustainable tourism. But there are
three pillars that can be concentrated upon to attract large section of the tourists. The three pillars
are the environment sustainability, social sustainability and the economic sustainability. These
three pillars if adopted by the government of the Austria will help the tourism industry. The
environment sustainability is related with the environmental factors like the pollution which
should be reduced. The another is social sustainability that encourages the government to
maintain the cultural harmony and the peace in the country. Last thing is to be focused is to
maintain the economic sustainability which is related with maintaining the political sustainability
and the government stability. These three factors are the must to encourage the tourism of any
country.
CONCLUSION-
From the report it has been seen that tourism industry in Austria is growing because of its
sustainable tourism, sustainable tourism has becoming the need of the countries today, the

stakeholders of the tourism industry in the Austria has very important role to play and their
decisions are very important in sustainable tourism development as has been discussed above.
Further, this report has addressed the macro environment factors like political, social,
economical, technological, legal and the environmental factors that contributed to the
development of sustainable development in the tourism industry. This report at last also
discussed the competitive micro-environment and tourist motivating factors influencing the
tourism industry of the Austria.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Mckercher, b., 2022. the politics of tourism: the unsung role of trade associations in tourism
policymaking. tourism management.90. p.104475.
Rashideh, w., 2020. blockchain technology framework: current and future perspectives for the
tourism industry. tourism management.80. p.104125.
Streimikiene, d.. and et.al., 2021. sustainable tourism development and competitiveness: the
systematic literature review. sustainable development.29(1). pp.259-271.
Albayrak, t. and caber, m., 2018. examining the relationship between tourist motivation and
satisfaction by two competing methods. tourism management.69.pp.201-213.
Zhang, j. and walsh, j., 2021. tourist experience, tourist motivation and destination loyalty for
historic and cultural tourists. pertanika journal of social sciences and humanities.28(4)
pp.3277-3296.
Budeanu, A. and et.al., 2016. Sustainable tourism, progress, challenges and opportunities: an
introduction. Journal of Cleaner Production. 111. pp.285-294.
Edgell Sr, D.L., 2016. Managing sustainable tourism: A legacy for the future. Routledge.
Higgins-Desbiolles, F., 2018. Sustainable tourism: Sustaining tourism or something
more?. Tourism management perspectives. 25. pp.157-160.
Malik, M.A.S., Shah, S.A. and Zaman, K., 2016. Tourism in Austria: biodiversity, environmental
sustainability, and growth issues. Environmental Science and Pollution
Research. 23(23). pp.24178-24194.
Roxas, F.M.Y., Rivera, J.P.R. and Gutierrez, E.L.M., 2020. Mapping stakeholders’ roles in
governing sustainable tourism destinations. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism
Management. 45. pp.387-398.

2

1