Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases

This assignment delves into the distinctions between communicable and non-communicable diseases. Students are tasked with explaining these categories, providing examples of each type, and outlining their respective causes, transmission methods (for communicable diseases), and global health implications. This document caters to learners in healthcare and biology fields seeking a comprehensive understanding of disease classifications.

Sustainable Tourism
Development
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1.................................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Stakeholders and benefits they can attain from planning and development..............................3
1.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of public/ private sector tourism planning partnerships..........4
TASK 2.................................................................................................................................................5
2.1 Analysing the features of tourism development planning at different levels ............................5
2.2 Evaluating the significance of interactive planning system and processes in tourism development
.........................................................................................................................................................6
2.3 Evaluation of the different methods available to measure tourist impact .................................7
TASK 3.................................................................................................................................................8
3.1 Concept of sustainability in tourism development....................................................................8
3.2 Analyses of factors that may hinder sustainable tourist development ......................................8
3.3 Analysing different stages in planning for sustainability...........................................................9
TASK 4...............................................................................................................................................10
4.1 Evaluation of methods of resolving a conflict of interest to ensure the future wellbeing of
developing tourism destination......................................................................................................10
4.2 Implication of balancing supply and demand..........................................................................10
4.3 Moral and ethical issues of enclave tourism............................................................................11
TASK 5...............................................................................................................................................12
5.1 Comparing recent issue connected with tourism development...............................................12
5.2 Recommendations for future development of tourism...........................................................12
CONCLUSION..................................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES...................................................................................................................................14
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INTRODUCTION
As per the current market scenario, it has been spotted that travel and tourism sector has various
opportunities and it plays a key role in effective development of economic system. In the support of
this, it can be said that number of travel and tourism activities has been initiated by the government of
different nations in order to promote domestic tourism at the global level (Anderson, 2011). Sports,
entertainment, education, etc have become critical aspects for the effective and sustainable
development of travel and tourism sector. In addition to this, it can be said that the number of service
users are more attracted towards exploration of diverse nations in order to meet their needs. It means
that it is also essential for this sector to consider customer’s needs and perception in order to meet the
objective of sustainable tourism development (Kennett‐Hensel, 2010). In regards to this, various
countries are hosting major sporting activities or events in order to promote tourism effectively.
Classification of events can be as Commonwealth games, FIFA, Cricket World Cup, Domestic sports
leagues, cultural festival, etc.
In the current study, learning will focus on tourism development of Chumbe Island in order to
understand the key concept of sustainable tourism development. It will focus on the concept of
rationale planning which can boost the working of travel and tourism industry. Further, this study will
also focus on providing information regarding various approaches which facilitate in effective planning
and development of travel and tourism sector. It will also make understand about the significance of
planning for sustainable development of this sector. Other than this, current learning will also have spot
light on the current issues that local authorities can face during planning and development of tourism
activities in order to attain sustainability factor. Furthermore, it will also focus on socio-cultural,
environmental and economic aspects of tourism in the respect of developing countries and emerging
destinations.
TASK 1
1 A) Stakeholders and benefits they can attain from planning and development
As per the structured study of tourism planning, it can be said that there are number of
stakeholders that play key roles in effective development of travel and tourism activities within East
Africa. In other words, it can be said that effective planning and development of tourism activities are
considered as techniques which have great involvement of government and other bodies. With an
improved focus on tourism development, government can boost economic development of the nation.
However, there are several essential elements which are needed to be included by the committees of
tourism development (Sánchez, 2010). It has also been spotted that every destination has unique
features so in this respect, governance can focus on effective development of tourism as per features. It
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will amend opportunities for travel and tourism sector as well as medical sector which is indirectly
beneficial for the development of society. In recent years, government of destination may also focus on
effective conservation of its marine culture in order to boost opportunities for the sustainable
development. Other than this, number of new teams has also been established in order to have effective
development of travel and tourism within East Africa.
Moreover, number of local business organisations also play vital role in effective and
sustainable development of travel and tourism sector. In other aspect, it can be said that local business
firms get highest benefits from tourism such as number of international business organisations are
attracted towards research on coral (AlSayyad, 2013). Other than this, UN recognition tourism
activities may also attract international firms towards destination which boosts opportunities for local
business organisations. It also facilitates local business firms to build strong relationship with
international giants and provide opportunity to enter into the global market.
Furthermore, it has also been spotted that number of travellers are focusing on coral activities.
It means that travel and tourism sector can also attain various benefits by focusing on effective
development of tourism activities within destination. Travellers are considered as the most important
stakeholder for tourism sector during public events (Godfrey, 2000). It is essential for travel sector to
ensure that they are providing quality of services to its audience in order to provide better experience to
the customers and attain better profit. Tourism development authorities are also focusing on various
activities which are focused on preserving natural resources such as coral, medical sources, etc. These
kinds of development and activities of different stakeholders provide better opportunities to the sector
as well as nation.
In addition to this, it can be said that he local businesses can have better opportunities because
the increase in ratio of visitors to the destination also provides an opportunity to enhance sales. It is
because the demand of services get boosted due to advancement in number of visitors. These kinds of
aspects also have positive impact on the economic conditions which relates directly with the revenue of
government. With an improved focus on sustainable tourism the government can also boost up the tax
income. It creates positive environment which also provides better satisfaction level among customers
and leads businesses to impressive level of success. Sustainable tourism provides better experience to
the clients while attaining services which is beneficial for long term development.
1 B) Advantages and Disadvantages of public/ private sector tourism planning partnerships
Advantages
 Key advantage of hosting educational activities such as conference facilitates government to
develop destination in an appropriate manner which will directly influence the economic and
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infrastructural development in a positive manner (Donohue, 2007).
 With an improved focus on partnership between private and public sector organisations,
tourism development authorities can boost the quality of services.
 It also facilitates in maintaining the natural and cultural environment of destination in an
effective manner.
 It also provides better opportunities to tourism sector by maintaining significant relationship
with public and private organisations (Harris, 2002).
 It also amends coordination in diverse development activities such as infrastructure,
transportation, medical, etc.
 Improved level of services and activities will also boost the morale of travellers. It attracts
individuals who are preferred eco-tourism, medical tourism and educational tourism.
 It has been noticed that travel and tourism sector can have better development of policies
according to government norms. Legal relationships can be improved in order to meet key
goals and objectives.
 Asset management implementation can be employed by management of Australian tourism so
that long term sustainability can be advanced effectively. It also helps in improving life cycle
cost so that better objectives can be attained in desired manner. Retention of workplace is also a beneficial aspect for tourism sector which need to be referred
by management. Employee’s satisfaction can be advanced using appropriate resources.
Disadvantages
 It has been identified that partnership working may higher the cost of operations.
 If, private and public sector have different views on the cultural aspects then it may impact the
overall development of tourism activities within Chumbe Island.
 Nature and concept diversification can also create issues in context to maintain tourism
activities (Olsen, 2004).
 It may create non-disclosure of activities which will have direct negative impact on the
economic condition of Chumbe Island.
 It has been noticed that infrastructure at Chumbe Island might get affected in terms of cost. It
means overall cost of development will be advanced which might affect overall outcome.
 Payment obligations can be faced by the businesses due to lack of coordination. It means
performance in terms of ethics can be impacted. Service procurement procedure is longer and
more costly in comparison with traditional public procurement.
For example, the government of Australia has started focus on number of development
activities in regard to travel and tourism sector. In this respect Mountain Beach Water Park and Nature
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has been developed with alps partnership. It is one of most famous example of public private
partnership. It also indicates that the optimistic use of natural and cultural resources has been
increased. Proper support has been provided to the infrastructure, transportation, etc. which is
beneficial to render convenience among customers. Another example, can be that government of
Russia has also participated in public private partnership for development of Sochi city for winter
Olympics. It has developed effective promotion of heritage destination for sustainable development.
City and regional planners has expected that the Games are beneficial to transform Sochi.
Advantages of partnership at Chumbe Island
By focusing on partnership key goals objectives can be promoted so that issues can be
overcome in desired way. Chumbe Island may create better awareness among members so that
opportunities can be promoted in desired way. It facilitates in maintaining the natural and cultural
environment of destination in an effective manner. Promotion of integrated practice will also assist
Chumbe Island in meeting objectives
Disadvantage of partnership at Chumbe Island
It has been identified that partnership working may higher the cost of operation which might
affect the overall development of Chumbe Island. Along with this, coordination issue might be
occurred if authorities are not focused towards communication tools. It may create non-disclosure of
activities which will have direct negative impact on the economic condition of Chumbe Island. In
addition to this, it can be stated that application of method might affect the costing values of business.
It will be impacted the development of tourism destination. It is significant for members to have
consideration of elements effectively else key objectives can be affected.
In order to have effective development in travel and tourism sector, it is necessary for
authorities to understand advantages and disadvantages of public/private sector tourism planning in an
effective manner. In this respect, it can be said that tourism development of authorities of Chumbe
Island and other destinations in East Africa need to focus on diverse analysis and evaluation processes
which can provide information regarding pros and cons of tourism planning partnerships (Carlsen,
2011). It is essential for private sector organisations to ensure that they are effectively focusing on
corporate social responsibilities in order to have effective management and control. On the other side,
public sector organisation has responsibility to ensure that every activity performed by them should be
accurate and will provide efficiency to the entire tourism development.
TASK 2
2 A) Analysing the features of tourism development planning at different levels
It is necessary to have a clear and understanding development objectives to be achieve at
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national levels, international level or regional level. In these all levels has a different kinds of
features are worked in different levels
International level:
 International transport: In this respect, it can be said that the authorities can focus on
improvement in flow of transportation so that better support can be provided to tourism sector.
 Flow of tourist: In this, number of visitors may visit to the nation so that issue can be
overcome. Along with this, sustainable development can be provided to members.
 Contemporary development in nearby countries: With the help of various international
organisations, interactive planning activities have been conducted by this sector to attract
international visitors towards the destinations. Service users can also study the nature and enjoy
coral activities available within region. It is also contributing effectively in the development of
economic system by generating high revenues from tourism activities.
 Marketing planning: Along with this, marketing in diverse countries also need to be
considered as significant aspect. International campaigns can be designed to attract more and
more customer’s and meet objectives.
National level:
 Tourism policy and Physical structure: Authorities may have improved focus on activities
that may provide information in regard to tourism policy. It is also necessary to make sure that
the physical structure may also be improved. It will help in attracting more visitors.
 Major routes with regional connections: New opportunities to improve transportation
facilities need to be consider. Railway platform consideration is essential so that regional
connection can be improved to meet objectives.
 Development strategies and Project planning: At national level, government is conducting
various study to understand the natural beauty present at the destination. In addition to regional
level, it can be said that departments are focusing on creating awareness among regional
population so that nature, coral and tourism activities can be protected in an appropriate manner
(Williams, 2006).
Regional level: Marketing: As per the structured study, it can be said that there are number of features of
tourism development planning at different levels which can boost the effectiveness of tourism
destination. In order to have effective development of educational seminars and events, public
authority focuses on taking diversified decisions. Zoning regulations: Number of regulations need to be developed to make sure that promotion
of destination is appropriate. Natural and other frameworks will assist in sustainable
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development. Investment policies: New sources of investment also need to be identify so that it can be ensure
that investment regarding issues are being resolved. Along with this, there are number of
aspects that are need to be developed in order to make sure about investment policies. Tourist facilities: It can be said that planning process is consisted of various factors that are
related with the destination so that event or activity can be accomplished in an appropriate
manner (Weaver, 2007). In addition to this, it can be said that public organisations also focus on
the effective interpretation of economic conditions so that activities can be planned in an
appropriate manner. It also requires effective assistance of private business organisations in
order to have proper arrangement of the overall event and development. Transport networks: It is also necessary for management to focus on transportation so that
issues can be overcome in appropriate manner. Road transportation and other mediums of
transportation must be improved in desired way so that sustainable development opportunities
can be attained effectively.
Local authorities:
 Licensing of facilities: It is necessary for local authorities to ensure about licensing of activities.
If any of firm is focused towards illegal activities then license must not be granted. It is
significant to make sure that legal values are properly maintained.
 Some of the points mentioned in “regional”: Moreover, local authorities also play a vital role in
tourism development activities by focusing on various steps. Classification of key activities in
the tourism development can be as detailed research, goal setting, strategic decision,
development of plan, implementation, monitoring and review etc. (Gilbert, 2008). In this
respect, it can be said that private and public sector organisations are focused on key aspects of
destination so that better strategies can be designed in order to meet the objective of sustainable
tourism development. Authorities also need to focus on various monitoring tools such as taking
feedback from service users so that new emerging issues can be spotted out effectively and
alternative strategies can be used to overcome those issues (Jackson, 2008). As per the study, it
can be said that tourist destination local authorities can host various educational events and
training programs in order to attract students and professionals towards tourism activities.
Number of educational and medical conferences also play vital role in the development of
tourism sector as it attracts medical professionals and students to a great extent (Rodgers,
2007).
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2 B) Evaluating the significance of interactive planning system and processes in tourism development
As per the structured study, it can be said that interactive planning system and processes in
tourism development activities are significant as these provides various new opportunities to the
tourism development authorities. In order to have sustainable development, tourism development
authorities and government need to focus on key factors such as interactive planning, proper
involvement of diverse stakeholders in decision making process, etc.
Agreeing Clear and Achievable Objectives by Communication: Regular meetings need to be
conducted in which information regarding development activities can be shared with all the
stakeholders. Issues can also be discussed in the meetings and group discussion in order to identify
various new ways that can promote tourism activities within destination.
Advantages and disadvantages: Number of supportive activities also need to be performed by
the stakeholders so that financial and non-financial activities can be attained by the travel and tourism
industry (Michael, 2014). Improper communication among members may affect the overall
development because it may create issue for organisation. Miscommunication due to improper
communication is one of key disadvantage. It has been noticed that improper consideration of
communication may also affect the work effectiveness because it has direct impact on the members
belief.
Continuous Interactive planning: With an improved focus on interactive planning, government
can easily promote tourism activities at the international level (Department of tourism. 2011). It will
also provide better ability to develop success factors within destination.
Advantages and disadvantages: In order to have sustainable development, it is necessary for all
the stakeholders and authorities to make efforts in a collective manner as it will also generate better
profit margin ratio. It is also essential for all the public and private authorities to work in a manner that
helps in generate better revenue in an ethical manner. One of key disadvantage of interactive planning
is that it may increases the conflict situation among members due to differences in culture. Other than
this, the improper consideration of key principles among stakeholders may affect the overall outcome.
Involvement of key Stakeholder: In Decision making process, there must have proper
participation of suppliers, hospitality organisations, educational institutions, travel agents, etc. With an
assistance of interactive planning system, tourism development authorities can effectively conduct
educational tours, seminars etc.
Advantages and disadvantages: Number of responsibilities also need to be performed by the
managers such as monitoring of infrastructural development activities, preservation of natural and
coral resources available at the destination etc. (Travel Trends. 2012). Stakeholder participation may
create issue in respect to decision making process because it might be possible that belief of
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stakeholder and management may be different. It means it is significant for management to ensure that
belief of stakeholder is same in order to boost participation.
In addition to this, interactive planning is being considered as participative planning so that goals
and objectives can be accomplished. It is a concept that activity of planning is more significant as
compared to plans it produces. Along with this, contribution of all stakeholders is also beneficial
because it assist in meeting key goals and objectives. Key benefit of interactive planning is to have
participant’s outcome which helps in meeting roles and responsibilities. Key benefit of interactive
planning for sector is that awareness among participants can be developed effectively. It assist in
improving long term sustainability for meeting objectives.
In tourism participants and development of the local community can be balanced to meet their
sustainable objectives and goals which is aid to maintain their productivity and profitability. It also
develop work efficiency, visitor are also create render impact where they aid to enhance their services
and support to develop their positive environment.
2 C) Evaluation of the different methods available to measure tourist impact
In order to have effective development opportunities, it is necessary for tourism development
authorities to focus on various impacts of tourism activities. In this, authorities also need to focus on
different methods which can measure the impact of tourism activities within destination. In this
respect, it can be said that tourism activities impact can be in diverse manner such as economy,
environment, education, general public, etc.
In order to have effective measurement, proper monitoring system is required with an assistance
of visitor’s survey. Number of needs identification theories can be used to evaluate the behaviour of
customers towards services of tourism sector.
Feedback: As per the structured study, it can be said that effective development of tourism
activities influence the income level of citizens to a great context which is beneficial for the effective
development of economic system. In other words, it can be said that if number of travellers visit
destination to understand the environment and nature of destination then it will increase the profit
margin ratio of tourism sector which is indirectly beneficial for the economic development (Lovelock,
2013). It also provides better opportunities to local citizens in order to interact with guests who come
from diverse nations and provide better exposure to the learning activities. By having an application of
feedback aspects the key goals and objectives can be accomplished in desired manner. It has been
noticed that feedback allows to maintain regular interaction values. With an assistance of this, factors
can be identified in desired manner.
Monitoring survey: International medical research team has arrived at destination to understand
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the flora and fauna present within region. This will also provide a great exposure to local educational
institutions and students. Moreover, environment impact assessment is also advantageous as it
facilitates travel and tourism authorities to realize the concern or significance in regard to the
environment (Crysta, 2011). It also assists authorities to set out new ways that can maintain better
environment standards for the better development of tourist activities.
Monitoring of activities: It is also necessary for management to focus on past records and
documents in order to have effective monitoring of activities. The financial outcomes and other aspects
can be analysed for effective measurement of impact on tourism sector. Moreover, it has also been
spotted that travel and tourism activities have some financial impacts such as improvement in sales,
income and profit margin ratio (Donohue, 2007). Monitoring activities require high observation so that
outcome can be attained. If observation skills are not properly maintained then it will impact the
overall outcome. Observation allows to monitor functional activities effectively in order to meet
objectives. In this respect, it can be said that tourism activities impact can be in diverse manner such as
economy, environment, education, general public, etc.
Pro-poor model: It has been noticed that the management of tourism firm also need to focus on
activities that may provide learning about economic growth. In this, company can have measurement
of activities as per the income level of people so that issues can be identified in appropriate manner. If
pricing of services is high according to income level of middle class that means business is not having
sustainable development. There are various advantages that need to be consider effectively from the
management such as local economic development need to be made locally in the context of the other
opportunities. Tourism delivers consumers to the product rather than the other way round which opens
opportunities for local access to markets for other goods and services. However, disadvantage can be
that unskilled workforce may impact the overall outcome. It is not much economical that may impact
overall outcome in diverse way.
Environment model: It has been witnessed that tourism sector has great dependency on the
environmental aspects. It means promotion of environmental conditions can be improved by having
effective development of tourism destination. Along with this, issues can also be resolved by setting
out standards that are beneficial for environment as well as tourism.
Cambridge Impact Model: It is a model that allows to understand the industrial aspects in
appropriate manner. With an assistance of this, tourism sector can analyse diverse aspects that are
associated within environment so that goals and objectives can be accomplished. Moreover, economic
impact on the business firm can also be evaluated effectively to meet objectives. Model application is
beneficial for long term sustainability because it allows to meet key aspects. Key disadvantage of
model is improper consideration of essential aspects. It mainly focuses on economic values.
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Economic model can analyse the direct impact from the visitors. Which means those who are
spending in businesses they directly influenced. This model is directly impact on supply chain. That is
an indirect impact which is related to supply chain and supportive services. These all are services are
related to earnings and considered all these activities.
TASK 3
3 A) Concept of sustainability in tourism development
Sustainable tourism means the development of tourism sector with a participation of various
stakeholders. It provides strong potential to ensure that the goals and objectives are accomplished in
effective manner. It is a continuous process that provides effective monitoring and lead to long term
benefits.
Sustainable development in travel and tourism sector, it is collective working of authorities to
have detailed learning regarding the sustainable factors of destination. In other aspect, it can be stated
that authorities can focus on various development activities in regard to cultural tourism activities
within destination in order to attain sustainable tourism opportunities.
Cultural tourism is essential section of sustainable tourism which is considered as the technique
that allows tourism development authorities to provide better preservation to its heritage sites and key
features in an appropriate manner. It means that with an improved focus on sustainable tourism,
authorities can preserve studies and educational institutions in an appropriate manner in order to meet
the objective of sustainable tourism development (Iroegbu, 2006). African culture is also different as
compared to other destinations in the world so with an improved focus on the establishment of various
cultural events, government authorities can provide better support to sustainable tourism development.
However, this kind of tourism for destination can be helpful because it assists management and
authorities to showcase its civilization in a suitable way as well as creates employment opportunities to
amend employment rate.
Furthermore, in order to attain sustainable development opportunities, it is also essential for
local authorities to focus on better preservation of diverse heritage sites. It will attract more and more
customers towards destination and boosts opportunities for travel and tourism sector (Weaver, 2011).
Other than this, it is also necessary for authorities to focus on various elements that are related with the
safety of environment. It means that political factors must provide support to the infrastructure
development and conservation of environmental aspect in order to attain sustainable tourism
development.
Moreover, with an improved focus on these activities, travel and tourism sector can amend the
satisfaction level of guests and render an efficient return to the nation (Damonte, 2013). In other words,
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it can also be said that tourism sector must focus on activities that provide social and economic
advantages to diverse stakeholders of the sector. In order to have sustainable development the business
organisation also need to focus on health and safety act 1974. It helps in effective accomplishment of
various duties which is beneficial for enhanced level of customer satisfaction level. In addition to this,
sales of goods act 1979 will allow management of resort to sold goods in appropriate manner. It will
also provide surety about quality as well as price of product. Proper information regarding product and
services must be provided to customers. It will increase the satisfaction level of customer’s and provide
better sustainability the business.
3 B) Analyses of factors that may hinder sustainable tourist development
It has been spotted that there are number of factors that can hinder sustainable tourism
development. It can be classified as lack of funds, terrorist activities and diverse illegal activities.
Economic factor: As per the structured study, it has been noticed that economic condition of
destination is not good and it can impact the sustainable development of tourism activities. Every
development activity requires high level of investment in order to meet objectives (Hjalager, 2001).
But, economic system is not effective and it faces diverse issues in financial aspect which can impact
the investment ratio. For example, government is looking to increase its investment in tourism
development activities but they do not have proper funds for it. It will create an issue for government
and may hinder sustainable tourist development (Mehmetoglu, 2004).
Legal aspects: Moreover, it has been spotted that East African nations are facing key issues in
context to diverse illegal activities. It means that it is necessary for governing authorities to ensure that
people are not involved in any kind of illegal or unethical activity. If, ratio of illegal activities increases
then it will impact the perception of customers in a negative manner and also influence sustainable
tourist development in a negative way. For example, the hospitality organisation is looking forward to
business expansion but the government authorities does not provide permission in that regard. It will
affect the development activities in negative manner. It also indicates that the legal aspects may impact
business in diverse manner.
Terrorism: Other than this, terrorist activities can also influence tourism development activities
in an adverse manner. It has been spotted that criminal gangs and terrorist prefer low literacy locations
for set up terrorist camps. East African nations are also facing diverse issues in this context such as
drug dealing, illegal diamond market, etc (Kamra, 2006). These kinds of activities influence the
perception of visitors negatively and also impact the overall development in a negative manner. It is
necessary for development authorities to ensure diverse factors that can influence the overall
development. For example, the Hotel Taj at Mumbai has faced terror attack that has created a negative
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impact on the sustainable development of Indian tourism sector. After that incident the ratio of foreign
tourist has been decreased.
Terrorism factors, operational management system and economic system are based on their
organisational factors. In legal aspects company has to generate their policies and norms to affect there
organisational working practices. On the other hand terrorism factor are create major impact on their
organisation system it laid to decreasing productivity and profitability of the company.
3 C) Analysing different stages in planning for sustainability
In order to have effective planning, it is necessary for government authorities and tourism
department to focus on various steps that can provide better learning regarding various subjects of this
sector. In addition to this, it can be stated that there are various factors that need to be considered for
effective development of planning stage. It is necessary for management to make sure which
authorities will be accountable for development of planning activities.
It is necessary to ensure about the standards in terms of resource allocation so that overall
outcome can be attained. Application of standards in terms of planning through research is also
significant to refer so that overall values can be well maintained. Moreover, Sustainable tourism
development plan begins with discovery stages in which destination starts as an unknown place and
initially small number of visitors come due to several reasons such as lack of accessibility and local
knowledge etc. It is the responsibility of government of UK to identify the natural places in London
where they can promote and encourage sustainable cultural tourism. There are different types of
cultural heritage and tourist sorts at UK like Buckingham Palace, London Eye, Tower of London, etc.
The strategies that should be applied for raising tourism is by making use of social media so that
adequate information can be provided to people around the globe. Apart from this, it is important for
the government to make sure that all these places are maintained on regular basis so that travellers visit
them in large number. In addition to this support from the side of local people is important so that they
can provide information to travels and economic condition gets improved. Below given are the stages
that are involved in the planning for sustainability:
Introductory stage: In this respect, it can be said that introductory stage is considered as the
first stage. In this, it is necessary for management to have effective identification of various tourism
activities (Henderson, 2013). Proper information regarding hospitality services, transportation, etc need
to be gathered so that further actions can be accomplished in an appropriate manner. Information
regarding key issues within tourism sector also needs to analyse in most suitable manner so that
effective strategies can be designed for the sustainable development. It is significant because without
analysing the key aspects the planning activities cannot be accomplished in appropriate manner. In this
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existing factors that are present within organisation also need to be evaluated in appropriate manner.
Along with this, the key strategies that provide success of organisation also need to be assessed in
order to have sustainable development. In this respect, the budget for activities implementation will
also be evaluated so that business can have impressive level of success.
Creating awareness: In second stage, it is also necessary for management to create awareness
about tourist destination. It is all about rendering efficient knowledge regarding various features of
destination. It can be taken into account by considering advertising and promotional tools. In this
respect, it can also be said that most of tourism activities are designed and implemented in this section
in order to meet the objectives. Current stage is necessary to consider because it helps in understanding
key factors of success which need to be consider for sustainable development.
Declining stage: At last, declining stage is also one of significant aspects for the effective
planning of sustainable tourism activities (Voxted, 2011). In this respect, it can be asserted that most of
time travel and tourism sector faces issues in this stage due to high ratio of competition in the market.
In this, it is necessary for the management to focus on various innovative activities that can boost the
opportunities for travel and tourism sector. Innovation must be implemented in such manner that
costing of activities can be reduced. Effectiveness of activities must be improved in appropriate
manner for better success in the market.
In other words, it can be said that government and authorities also need to bring number of
changes within operational activities as per the needs or expectations of customers in order to meet the
objectives of sustainable development (Kirkwood, 2003). Various alternative methods can also be used
to manage development activities in the most sustainable manner. It has been noticed that planning will
be completed with a help of norms so that goals and objectives can be accomplished effectively. It has
been noticed that information about key values need to be judged effectively for sustainable
development. Proper timeline will be considered as critical aspect in order to ensure that planning can
be accomplished in desired manner. Costing aspects of overall development can be taken into account
for sustainable aspects. Overall planning will take 4 months in order to have proper designing of
aspects.
TASK 4
4 A) Evaluation of methods of resolving a conflict of interest to ensure the future wellbeing of
developing tourism destination
Enclave tourism is considered as one of important terms that help in effective identification of
travel and tourism activities. In this respect, it can be said that sustainable tourism development
requires resort development and other supportive activities at small geographical area. It includes
15

accommodation, entertainment, food, etc. It has also been spotted that enclave tourism is essential for
the betterment of developing nation. In addition to this, it can be said that management may face issue
while having common agreement between local citizens and organization. If local people are not
providing support then further issues might be faced. Issues with local authorities might be faced such
as licensing permission, etc. If local authorities are providing licenses then operational activities cannot
be accomplished in desired way. It might be possible that local businesses may oppose developer’s
activities due to hazard to their benefits and interest. Classification of issues can be as:
 Lack of proper infrastructure
 Improper support of fisherman
 Imbalance in economic system
In this, regard, government is focused towards the effective development of various
development near beach areas but they are facing some conflicts due to improper support of fisherman
present within region. It impacts the overall development in a negative manner (Swarbrooke, 2012).
Other than this, lack of proper infrastructure within destination is also one of critical conflicts for travel
and tourism sector. Improper availability of hospitality services reduces the experience of customers as
well as their satisfaction level. Other than this, imbalance in economic system also creates barriers for
the travel and tourism sector.
Ways to overcome issues
Moreover, there are few methods that can be used by government and development authorities
in order to overcome such issues. Authorities can focus on activities that can create awareness among
fisherman regarding development. Government can provide information regarding the key advantages
of development to the society in order to defeat issue (Kirkwood, 2003). Number of measures can be
taken into account to ensure about hospitality services available within region. In support of this it can
be said that citizens must have proper understanding about various indirect developments such as GDP
advancement, job opportunities, etc. Government can also take further initiatives to provide better
benefits and facilitate travel and tourism sector to overcome conflict situation (Voxted, 2011).
In addition to this, it can be said that there are number of methods which can be employed by the
management in order to overcome such issues. It has been noticed that by having focus on consultant
aspects in order ensure about situations. By having an application of diverse aspects the issues can be
overcome. For example, there is an issue regarding transportation facilities. In such conditions,
consultation with experts might allow to identify new outcome. Support and meeting with fisherman
can also help in deal out with issues. Number of factors can be taken into account by having an
application of measures. With an assistance of measures the better opportunities can be created.
Interpersonal relations among different stakeholders- It is aid to resolve there interpersonal conflicts
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where communication barriers in company key persons and stake holder son in that situation
effectiveness in communication flow system is aid to improve their interpersonal relationship.
4 B) Implication of balancing supply and demand
As per the given case, the beach based destinations are key successive factors of tourism. These
kinds of destinations are well known for the ecological creation and exceptional coral ridge. These
kinds of attractions are most famous tourist places which contains sanctuary's and provide close
exposure to diverse reserves in the forest (Henderson, 2013). In this support, it can be said that
travellers visit to the destinations and sanctuary to enjoy nature as well as to study the exceptional coral
ridge available at destination. Travel and tourism sector faces various issues in regard to supply and
demand of services within destinations as there is low availability of service providers. Hospitality and
accommodation services are only offered by various authorities. If fisherman provide support that issue
of supply and demand can be overcome.
Staffing: In addition to this, the staffing issue is also one of critical issue that in-balance the
supply and demand so better awareness must be created among fisherman for participation.
Information about job opportunities in sector must be provided which also helps in overcome the
issues. In this regard, it is necessary for organisations to focus on diverse activities that provide
information regarding the expected demand ratio. In this respect, organisation can focus on diverse
kinds of staffing. Classification of staffing can be as full time, part time and permanent. It has been
noticed that by having part time staffing the company can meet the demand during seasons. As same,
permanent employees can also be hire in order to make sure that the services are being provided in
appropriate manner. These kinds of aspects help in meeting key goals and objectives.
Seasonality: It is an aspect that may also create issue so it is necessary to attain better
understanding. In this, only seasonal base jobs can be promoted of tourism sector is facing seasonal
issue then it might affect the overall development. Moreover, management need to ensure about
seasonal values in order to meet objectives. Management can estimate the approx and design better
strategies in desired way.
Analysis: In this support, management tourism authorities can analyse the performance of
overall travel and tourism sector. With an assistance of market analysis, management can estimate the
approx. number of tourists who visit to the destination every year. In tourism season, number of
visitors is increased that hamper service quality (Kamra, 2006). For example: tourism sector can
evaluate the previous month sales in order to understand the demand ratio. If, demand is high as per the
evaluation of industry’s performance then management can take various measures and initiatives to
manage supply. It will also facilitate business firm to manage services in an effective manner in the
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context of supply as well as quality (Mehmetoglu, 2004).
Facilities: In order to overcome the issue of supply and demand, it is also necessary for
business entity to provide better facilities to the employees. It will enhance the morale and satisfaction
level of employees and assist in overcome issue. Advancement in satisfaction level will balance the
ratio of supply and demand for leading business to impressive level of success.
Examination: Company can also examine previous issues that they have faced due to
imbalance between supply and demand. It will allow management to focus on various innovative
activities that have been adopted previously to manage balance. With an effective evaluation of such
issues, management can also redesign some activities that lead to maintain balance between supply and
demand aspects.
On the other hand supply chain implication is based on their effectiveness of the organisation
where company has to set their effective team to supply effective goods to their concerning clients. As
per the effective organisation they implement their logistic and distribution system.
4 C) Moral and ethical issues of enclave tourism
It has been spotted that there are number of moral and ethical issues in enclave tourism that can
impact the overall sustainable development within this sector. As per the structured study of enclave
tourism, it can be said that while development of tourism activities, authorities face number of issues in
regard to environmental aspect. In other words, it can be said that environmental issues also impact
some ethical and moral duties.
It has also been witnessed that while developing 400 apartments at beach, authorities have
faced moral issues that have impacted the overall development of tourism activities within destination.
Some of ethical issues have also been faced by the tourism department such as development activities
include cutting of forest (Hjalager, 2001).
Environment: These kinds of activities have various positive influences on travel and tourism
sector but it has negative impact on the environmental condition of the nation. It is also considered as
violation of moral duty as well as ethical duty. In order to overcome issues effectively, development
authorities of destination have focused on various unique approaches that can improve the quality of
services in order to meet the moral and ethical duties effectively. In addition to this, effective
monitoring of the overall development plan is one of significant factors that can amend to accomplish
ethical and moral duties (Damonte, 2013).
Staffing from outside the destination: One of ethical issue is attracting staffing from outside
the destination instead of hiring local ones. Key reason behind that is fisherman are not having detailed
information about the operational activities. Moreover, the low ratio of information among them about
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hospitality and its activities forces management to have outsource staffing. However, the costing of
training is also high that impacts overall development cost in negative manner. In this regard to
overcome issue the fisherman can be hire as supportive staff in development activities.
Ways to overcome issues
In order to resolve the issues related to moral and ethical duties, management of destination can
focus on various management aspects. It is necessary for management to ensure that diverse ethical
standards can be set out in human resource practice so that better trust and loyalty factors can be
boosted among employees (Iroegbu, 2006). If, organization is not following ethics and fair trade
practices then it is possible that they can face issues while coordinating with suppliers, workers and
customers. In an organisation moral an ethical issues are based on their organisation environment and
working practices. In that situation some of the environment issues are also affect their working
policies and where it aid to provide their political legal, social and economic factor which measure
their organisation environment which is affect their internal policies.
TASK 5
5 A) Comparing recent issue connected with tourism development
Developing destination (Tanzania) Developed destination (Finland)
As per the study of current market situation, it can
be said that Tanzania is becoming one of most
famous tourist destinations as government is
having diverse efforts in order to boost travel and
tourism development activities. It has also been
spotted that tourism sector facilitates government
to have effective development of nation GDP. It is
one of East African nations so there are number of
issues that impact the overall development of
travel and tourism sector. One of key issues is
regarding to stable economic system and GDP
which create various barriers for the firm
(Anderson, 2011). Illegal activities have also been
increased in a diverse manner which also impacts
the perception of customers in a negative manner.
Drug smuggling and Illegal exchange of
On the other side, in Finland the tourism sector
faces issues in regard of availability of new
destinations. Clients demand for new attractions in
order to have better experience so government
need to focus on development of new location. It
demands high ratio of investment that is one of
critical issue for sector. Economic issue is also one
of critical factor for Finland so government and
authorities need to focus on it in appropriate
manner for sustainable development. In addition
to this, it can be said that the social values
consideration is also one of critical issue for
tourism sector because destination promotes
regional values. It is necessary to focus on
alternative ways to balance social values.
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diamonds are one of critical issues for the nation
so it is necessary for government to ensure about
these issues in order to have effective
development of tourism activities.
Another key issue is regarding
environmental condition, so it has been spotted
that key strength of destination is its natural
beauty but government is not able to maintain this
aspect effectively (Kennett‐Hensel, 2010). Water
pollution near destination is influencing customer
satisfaction level in a negative manner which
impacts the overall development of tourism
activities.
Interpersonal issues is measure in Finland where
nobody has to direct interacted with the
concerning customers. This thing will be create
bad impact and lay down their productivity.
5 B) Recommendations for future development of tourism.
As per the structured study, it can be said that there are number of issues that impact the
effective development of tourism activities. In support of this, it can be said that economic issue is one
of critical problems for the nation so that it is essential for management to ensure about taxation
policies. For example: government can increase tax rate on income and luxury services to boost the
financial condition of nation (Sánchez, 2010). It will improve the overall financial ratio in an effective
manner which is beneficial for tourism as well as social development. In order to have better future of
tourism activities within Finland and Tanzania, government can set out various environmental
standards so that natural beauty can be maintained in an effective manner. Coral research centre can
also be established with an assistance of public private partnership model. It will also attract various
educational professionals to visit Finland and Tanzania which is beneficial for the effective
development of travel and tourism activities.
Moreover, proper transportation facilities need to be developed by government in order to have
better tourism opportunities. Number of ozone-friendly leisure activities need to be developed within
destination to prompt overseas tourists in order to revisit. It has been noticed that government of
Finland can also have improvement in working standards of hospitality sector. By having an assistance
of such values the key measures can be taken into account for sustainable development. Along with
this, security measures improvement at Tanzania can offer sustainable tourism development.
As per the future possibilities tourism sector is develop their environment sustainability where
20

they focus on their future upcoming new technologies which is greatly impact their organisation in
future. On the other hand tourism secure is measure there effectiveness of working culture to develop
their business and expand their policies in regarding their upcoming possibilities. They will develop
supply chain management and transportation services. On the other hand it will develop their strategy
and policies to make future profits and improving productivity.
CONCLUSION
As per the above study, it can be concluded that in order to have sustainable development, it is
necessary for the government and other authorities to work in an integrated manner. It has also been
spotted that tourist department of Chumbe Island and Tanzania government need to consider social,
economic and environmental factors as critical factors for the sustainable development. Some of the
ethical issues have also been faced by the tourism department as development activities include cutting
of forest. It is essential for government to ensure about diverse environmental standards in order to
maintain the natural beauty of destination. It has also been spotted that East African nations are facing
key issues in context to diverse illegal activities so government can focus on collective work style with
assistance of diverse international organisations that can amend measures in this context.
21

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