Sustainable Tourism Development: Planning and Challenges in Qatar

This report explores the significance of sustainable tourism development in Qatar, analyzing the rationale for planning, different approaches, and the need for sustainability. It examines the benefits and challenges of public-private partnerships, interactive planning systems, and methods to measure tourist impact. The report also delves into current issues related to tourism development planning, including conflict resolution, balancing supply and demand, and the ethical implications of enclave tourism. Finally, it compares the tourism development landscape in a developing country (Mauritius) with an emerging destination (Qatar), highlighting key differences and providing recommendations for future development.

Sustainable Tourism Development
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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................4
Task 1 (LO, AC1.1, 1.2, M1, M2, M3, D1, D2, D3).......................................................................5
LO1. Understand the rationale for planning in the travel and tourism industry..............................5
P1.1 Discuss how stakeholders can benefit from the planning of tourism developments with
reference to Qatar........................................................................................................................5
P1.2 Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of public/private sector tourism planning
partnerships drawing examples in Qatar......................................................................................6
Task 2 (LO2, AC2.1, 2.2, 2.3, M1, M2, M3, D1, D2, D3)..............................................................8
LO2. Understand different approaches to tourism planning and development...............................8
P2.1 Analyze features of tourism development planning at different levels with reference to
Qatar............................................................................................................................................8
P2.2 Evaluate the significance of interactive planning systems and processes in tourism
development with reference to Qatar.........................................................................................10
P2.3 Evaluate different methods available to measure tourist impact with reference to Qatar. 11
Task 3 Task 3 (LO3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, M1, M2, M3, D1, D2, D3).....................................................13
LO3 Understand the need for planning for sustainable tourism....................................................13
P3.1 Justify the introduction of the concept of sustainability in tourism development with
reference Qatar...........................................................................................................................13
P3.2 Analyse factors that may prevent/hinder sustainable tourism development with reference
to Qatar......................................................................................................................................13
P3.3 Analyse different stages in planning for sustainability with reference to Qatar...............13
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Task 4 (LO4, 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3, M1, M2, M3, D1, D2, D3)...........................................................26
LO4. Understand current issues related to tourism development planning...................................26
P4.1 Evaluate methods of resolving a conflict of interests to ensure the future wellbeing of a
developing tourism destination such as Qatar...........................................................................26
P4.2 Analyse the implications of balancing supply and demand with reference to Qatar........27
P4.3 Evaluate the moral and ethical issues of enclave tourism in Qatar...................................27
Task 5 (LO5, AC5.1, 5.2, M1, M2, M3, D1, D2, D3)...................................................................29
LO5 Understand the socio-cultural, environmental and economic impacts of tourism in
developing countries and emerging destinations...........................................................................29
P5.1. - Compare current issues associated with tourism development in a developing country
and an emerging destination where the impacts of tourism are different..................................30
P5.2. Evaluate, with recommendations, the future development of tourism in these chosen
destinations................................................................................................................................32
References......................................................................................................................................36
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Introduction
The tourism industry is constantly marching ahead towards advancement and development and
is also considered amongst the biggest industries with huge potential around the globe. In this
project report, various aspects of the tourism industry are considered and the factors responsible
for its growth are evaluated. In the recent scenario, the concept of Sustainable Tourism has also
gained popularity which means the development of tourism while taking care of other aspects
which include the environmental, social and ecological aspects. Several countries have
introduced the concept of Sustainable tourism in the planning and development of the tourism
industry. Under this project, various aspects of the international tourism are analyzed and the
strategies for the promotion of Sustainable Tourism Development are viewed. The planning and
the role of government in promoting tourism are also observed. This report deals with the factors
which play a vital role in determining the success of the tourism in a country. These factors
include the planning and its significance in the tourism industry along with the different
approaches which are used in tourism planning and development. In this report, the importance
of planning in terms of sustainable development is also assessed along with the issues and
concerns in the concept of sustainable tourism development.
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Task 1 (LO, AC1.1, 1.2, M1, M2, M3, D1, D2, D3)
LO1. Understand the rationale for planning in the travel and tourism industry
5

P1.1 Discuss how stakeholders
can benefit from the planning
of tourism developments with
reference to Qatar.
Introduction
The tourism sector is considered
to be one of the most rapidly
emerging industries around the
globe and talking with reference
to a nation like Qatar the tourism
becomes much more significant
and proves itself to be a country
with high growth potential. The
ways in which the planning of
tourism developments can be
benefitted are not a few. As the
tourism developments are highly
beneficial for an emerging nation
and counts to the economy as a
whole. Some of the relevant and
beneficial factors are explained
here.
Economic Benefits
The tourism planning in Qatar
can provide a number of
economic benefits like the foreign
exchange earnings of the nation
and that of the people living in
The tourism can also provide Qatar
with a shield to the irregularities in
income which arise due to the
fluctuations in the international oil
prices. The developments in hotel
infrastructure and leisure projects
are also enhanced which generates
employment and help in improving
the structure of the economy and
benefit the stakeholders.
Development of tourism planning
can enhance the basic amenities
and the living standards of the
people living in Qatar (Marhaba,
2016).
Figure 1 Global tourism in Gulf
(Source: Visit Qatar, 2016)
The planning of disinvestment in
the tourism sector is also a factor
which opens up the doors of profit
and benefits for the investors and
stakeholders.
Public and private partnerships
aid in more flexible planning
methods and eliminate the delays
and reduce the time of
completion for the projects.
The return on investment in
public-private partnership
projects is comparatively greater
than the distinct projects which
operate under the traditional
methods of entirely private or
public partnerships. The public
and private partnerships also
involve a more efficient and
feasible approach for the project
completion and result in the early
and timely completion of the
projects.
The implementation of high-
quality standards and
maintaining these standards
throughout the project life cycle
are also some benefits of private-
public partnership.
Cost reduction and lower tax
rates are also one of the major
benefits for public and private
planning partnerships. It enables
the use of the expertise of private
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Qatar. It also increases the
diversification in the field of
income generation and will surely
help the economy of the country
to reduce its dependency on oil
exports. It also creates and adds
value to other sources of
employment generation like the
recreational facilities and
stimulates the infrastructure and
other sectors like trading and
retailing. These improvements act
as a catalyst in development and
provide the people and
stakeholders better living
standards and more advanced
technological and infrastructural
developments.
Apart from the economic
benefits the development and
planning in the industry of
tourism improves and enhances
the international reputation of the
country and also promotes
cultural diversification.
Tourism is also an industry which
contributes to the world GDP a
share of 9% which is surely a
significant share and is expected
P1.2 Discuss the advantages and
disadvantages of public/private
sector tourism planning
partnerships drawing examples
in Qatar.
Tourism is an emerging sector of
generating revenue and helps in
improving the economic condition
of the nation and also helps in
employment generation. Planning
is a crucial and integral component
in the area of tourism development.
The scope of the industry is also
improved by effective planning
and it also helps in a proper growth
and systematized functioning of
the industry and also stimulates the
efficiency of the people involved.
In the recent times, the concept of
public-private partnerships is
emerging very rapidly and can be
explained as an agreement between
the government and private
entities. Public and private
partnership in planning has been
recently implemented in the
tourism industry in Qatar. Such
planning agreements prove to be
highly feasible and effective as
they involve a systematic and
sector along with the proper and
systematic work allocation found
in the government sector.
Figure 2 Statistics for Qatar
(Source: Dohanews, 2016).
Apart from these advantages
there exist some of the
drawbacks of public-private
partnerships which include the
low level of competitiveness
especially in those areas where
the number of private entities
which are capable of performing
the jobs is comparatively less.
The process of procurement in
the public-private partnership is
longer and more expensive as
compared to the traditional
method. (Herrera, et. al., 2018)
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to increase in huge proportions.
In Qatar tourism is designated as
a prioritized sector by the leaders
of the nation and the Qatar
National Vision for 2030 is
adopted. These concepts prove
that with effective planning in
developing the tourism sector
among the stakeholders and the
economy as a whole can earn
huge benefits.
formalized, hierarchical structure
just like the government
organizations but also include the
flexible, innovative and goal
oriented work of the private
entities.
The public and private tourism
planning make a balanced
approach towards the
achievement of goals and advances
towards the desired goals.
The recent trends seen in the area
of tourism in Qatar are a signal
that the public and private
partnership are highly feasible
and efficient as it has increased
the leisure infrastructure of Qatar
to rise and has also increased the
recreational services in Qatar
(Gulf Times, 2018).
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Task 2 (LO2, AC2.1, 2.2, 2.3, M1, M2, M3, D1, D2, D3)
LO2. Understand different approaches to tourism planning and development.
Introduction
Planning in tourism is a crucial aspect for resolving the conflicts and march ahead with a
comprehensive approach in order to meet the desired goals and future objectives. Planning
involves the determination of future objectives and proceeds with different strategies to
implement them. There exist different levels of planning in the tourism sector. Planning at each
level serves its own purpose and is highly relevant for the effective and efficient implementation
of strategies and determination of future objectives. As a junior consultant, this report was
designed by me in order to analyze different approaches to Qatar tourism.
P2.1 Analyze features of tourism development planning at different levels with reference to
Qatar.
Planning is done at three different level which includes the planning at international level,
national level, and regional level.
Tourism Planning at International Level: tourism planning at international level refers to the
goals and plans which are formulated on the international level and involves the management
and coordination of nations. It is the most superior level of planning which comprises the plans
formulated by the tourism industry, laying down of standards and development of the tourism
policy (Doha News, 2016).
Tourism Planning at National Level: National level tourism planning includes the national
policies designed by the government and focuses on those areas which pay emphasis on the
internal connectivity of the nation and promotion of the regional or domestic tourism. It may
include the regional legislation or policies formulated by Qatar (Lane, 2018).
Tourism Planning at Regional Level: Tourism Planning at regional level includes the planning
which focuses on the regional or functional level policies and their implementation. The regional
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planning may differ from one site to another and may include the regional marketing strategies
and tactics (Gulf Times, 2018).
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P2.2 Evaluate the significance of interactive planning systems and processes in tourism
development with reference to Qatar.
Interactive Planning systems and processes play a vital role in tourism development as it
promotes the design and structure of desired future and also focuses on the development of an
industry. The interactive planning systems in Qatar not only benefit the tourism department but it
also provides a beneficial opportunity for the stakeholders to gain an advantage. The interactive
planning systems and processes are also linked with the economy and sustainable tourism
development of the country (Boley, et. al., 2017)
The interactive planning processes and systems enable the involvement of all levels of
communities, tourists, and organization so as to eliminate the adversities of tourism and its
effects on the local communities. It also inculcates transparency in timely achievements of goals
and eliminates the problem of over budgeting. With the lack of interactive processes and
planning the country may suffer from the problem of deteriorating quality of services offered and
lack of skilled labour. Customer dissatisfaction and increase in corruption and transparency are
some other factors which may arise in the absence of interactive planning systems and processes.
(Dedeke, 2017)
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P2.3 Evaluate different methods available to measure tourist impact with reference to
Qatar.
The tourism industry impacts the overall structure of the economy along with various other
factors which include the economic impact, cultural impact, and the environmental impact. Some
of the studies could be the
1. Studies regarding the economic impact: This includes the study of the economic
factors which holds a significant impact on the economy of the country. It can include the
analysis of the income of the people living in a particular country and the analysis of
monetary aspects. In Qatar, the recent trend shows that the employment generation and
increase in leisure activities have increased. These trends show that the economy of Qatar
has been affected positively and in the near future even more growth is expected (Doha
News, 2016).
2. Analysis of Social Impact: This method includes the analysis of the social and cultural
factors and the analysis of societal benefits which arise from the tourism industry. The
culture and society of Qatar are also expected to gain huge benefits from the travel and
tourism industry due to its tourist-friendly initiatives and efforts to increase international
tourism (Pan, et.al 2018)
3. Market Demand Analysis: this method includes the market reports, statistics and
forecast which determine the increase in popularity and demand of the destination in the
market. This method relies on statistical measurable data and is an effective means to
measure the impact of tourism. Current trends show that the popularity and demand of
Qatar as a tourist destination is expected to increase with a handsome rate.
The methods like Steam model, Cambridge model which are utilised and developed by the
experts to reduce the influence of external factors that are economical, environmental, social
and more.
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Conclusion
Planning is a crucial factor in the achievement of objectives and the desired goals and hence the
importance of planning in every sector cannot be ignored. The planning for tourism development
is done broadly o three levels namely the international, national and the regional level. Also, the
implementation of the interactive planning systems and processes has resulted in the balanced
growth of the tourism sector in Qatar. Also, it has resulted in employment generation and
increased the diversification of the economy. The tourism helps an economy to prosper and
results in cultural diversification. The tourism has a significant impact on the culture, economy
and the environment.
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Task 3 Task 3 (LO3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, M1, M2, M3, D1, D2, D3)
LO3 Understand the need for planning for sustainable tourism.
P3.1 Justify the introduction of the concept of sustainability in tourism development with
reference Qatar
P3.2 Analyse factors that may prevent/hinder sustainable tourism development with
reference to Qatar
P3.3 Analyse different stages in planning for sustainability with reference to Qatar.
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Sustainable tourism development is an approach towards the development of tourism in all three
aspects which include the environmental, social and cultural aspects. The all together growth of
the tourism industry which also aims at minimizing the adverse effects of tourism on the
environment forms the basis of sustainability in tourism.
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Talking with reference to Qatar the benefits of Sustainable developments are in plenty of
numbers. The sustainable tourism development helps in achieving a balanced growth and lays
down long-term plans which are viable from the economic and environmental point of view.
Sustainable growth and development in tourism results in optimum utilization of resources and
also eliminates the problem of environmental degradation.
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In order to overcome the challenge of economic instability and the adversities which arise due to
the fluctuation in oil prices, sustainable tourism can help Qatar and diversify its economy which
relies on oil prices. Sustainable development also leads to the cultural diversification and helps in
the conservation of natural resources.
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Despite the governmental plans and measures, several challenges exist in the path of sustainable
development which hinders the growth of tourism.
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The challenges and factors responsible for the obstruction of sustainable development could be
the cultural and political factors. The cultural gap between the host country and the tourist acts as
a negative factor and therefore this gap needs to be bridged. Political factors include the
governmental policies and regulations in reference to the tourism industry. Another major
challenge on the road to sustainable development is the pollution and overexploitation of
resources. These issues certainly restrict the growth of the sustainable development in the
tourism industry of Qatar.
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The level of education of individuals of host country also has an impact on sustainable
development. Education facilities helps in curbing the problem of pollution and makes
individuals aware of the policies and rules which in turn results in a better growth of tourism.
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Sustainable development is a vast concept and covers various dimensions. The effective
formulation and implementation of the strategies involve various stages of planning. These
stages are sequential in nature and help in more comprehensive growth and improved results.
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The first stage is a determination of goals and objectives these goals form the basis of
functioning and the determination of standards. The second stage involves identification of
stakeholders and other individuals involved and their effective coordination. The resources are
identified in the third stage and potential areas of growth are visualize
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The issues and challenges which may arise are identified in the fourth stage. The fifth stage is the
analysis of these issues and their prioritization. The final stage is the formulation of plans and
generation of ideas for these issues and concerns.
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The sustainable development not only fuels the growth of tourism but also is beneficial for the
economy in the long run, despite these benefits and advantages several challenges are there
which hinders the growth of sustainability in the tourism development and such issues need to be
eliminated for its growth. Planning is a crucial factor for sustainable development and is done
through six major steps.
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Task 4 (LO4, 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3, M1, M2, M3, D1, D2, D3)
LO4. Understand current issues related to tourism development planning
Title: Understand current issues related to tourism development planning
Date: 28th June 2018
The comprehensive system of interactive planning has resulted in a reduced number of
conflicts and issues. But even after the implementation of these measures conflicts is seen.
These conflicts can cause hindrance to the growth and development of any industry and also
hampers the productivity and efficiency of the people involved in the conflict and the ones
associated with the industry as well. The conflicts are a threat to the industry and need to be
eliminated. Several methods are used in order to eliminate these conflicts and issues. In a
country like Qatar, it is very important to ensure a balance between the demand and the
supply. The moral and ethical issues which prevail in the country are also a threat to the
tourism industry and needs to be addressed (Lane, 2018)
P4.1 Evaluate methods of resolving a conflict of interests to ensure the future wellbeing
of a developing tourism destination such as Qatar.
The common methods used to eliminate the issues and conflicts in the tourism o Qatar are
enlisted below
1. Cultural Based Conflicts and their resolution: The tourism of Qatar is highly
vulnerable to the conflicts related to cultural differences. In order to reduce these
conflicts, the method which can be used effectively with reference to Qatar is the
neutralization and nonbiased approach to the religion and cultural differences. A
systematic approach called Acculturation which helps in addressing the issues and
concerns of both the parties involved can result in better understanding and reduced
conflicts.
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2. Promoting and fostering an environment which is tourism friendly: In order to
ensure a better growth of the tourism sector in Qatar and ensure its future well-being,
it is important to maintain an environment which is tourism friendly and helpful in
order to facilitate better understanding between the guests and the hosts.
3. Internal conflicts within an industry: The internal conflicts among the stakeholders
also need to be eliminated as these conflicts result in a negative environment which
can cause hindrance to growth and development of tourism in Qatar. These conflicts
can be reduced through collaborative working methods and will be helpful in
achieving desired goals and objectives in the context of the tourism industry of Qatar
(Adongo, et.al., 2018).
P4.2 Analyse the implications of balancing supply and demand with reference to Qatar.
Maintaining a balance between the supply and demand is also a crucial factor for the
development of the tourism industry of Qatar. The balance between the supply and demand
ensures a proper estimate of the requirements and resources of the tourism industry and also
helps in improving the planning and coordination practices within the industry. If the supply
is maintained in a balance with the demand then it also ensures the optimum utilization of
resources and reduces the unnecessary expenditure. (Budeanu ,et. al., 2018)
Thus it can be said that maintaining a balance between supply and demand is important for
the tourism industry and also ensures efficiency in planning and development. The balancing
of demand and supply also restricts the excess or overproduction of goods and services for
the tourism sector and hence reduces the excess expenditure. Also in those cases where the
supply is less than the demand it may result in a situation where the resources available for
the tourism industry are not sufficient, this situation can also be avoided by maintaining a
balance between the demand and the supply (Farmaki, et. al., 2018).
P4.3 Evaluate the moral and ethical issues of enclave tourism in Qatar
The unethical use of the tourism industry as a mere source of profit generation and the
monetary exploitation of the tourists is growing concern for international tourism. This issue
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is highly common in most of the tourism hotspots including Qatar. The tourists are charged
with extremely high prices for the goods and services. Another issue is the concern of
individual safety and security. Apart from these issues, the overexploitation of the
environmental resources and increase in pollution are some other ethical and moral concerns
which prevail in enclave tourism (Chron, 2018).
It is evident that the conflicts seen in the tourism industry of Qatar are not petty and requires
to be addressed on urgent basis as they can obstruct the development and growth of the
tourism sector as a whole. Also, it is very important to bridge the gap between the supply and
demand in the context of the tourism industry so as to maintain a continuum of development.
The ethical and moral issues, which exists in the industry are also a threat for the industry and
needs to be eliminated in order to maintain an effective growth and improve the goodwill and
image of the country around the globe (Herrera, et. al., 2018).
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Task 5 (LO5, AC5.1, 5.2, M1, M2, M3, D1, D2, D3)
LO5 Understand the socio-cultural, environmental and economic impacts of tourism in
developing countries and emerging destinations
Introduction
For achieving sustainable development, there are many factors like environmental, socio-
cultural, and economy that can impact tourism in both developing nations and emanating
destinations. The impact can lead to consequences as well as development depends upon the type
of factor and how factor influence tourism.
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P5.1. - Compare current issues associated with tourism development in a developing
country and an emerging destination where the impacts of tourism are different.
The developing nations like Mauritius have already a tourism hub for the world. Tourists from
almost every nation go there. The reasons for such a huge attraction to the country are the factors
like well socio-culture relationships, healthy and hygienic environment and high economic
development. These factors provide world-class facilities to tourists which attract more tourists
and ended up in economic growth of the nation. While, on the other hand emerging tourists
destinations like Qatar face issues like unavailability of resources and undeveloped socio-cultural
relationships.
Comparison between issues associated with developing nation like Mauritius and emerging
destinations like Qatar
Characteristics Developing Nation: Mauritius Emerging Destination: Qatar
1. Current Issues The current issue in Mauritius is
how to generate new resources like
land, etc for accommodation.
The current issue in Qatar is how
to attract tourists and how to use
the limited available resources.
2.Economic
Development
Developing nations provide more
luxuries to tourists because of the
high economy (He, et. al., 2015).
Qatar is not able to provide a
different set of luxuries due to
less economic growth.
3.Socio-Cultural
relationships
The socio-cultural relationships are
good because Mauritius is a secular
nation.
While Qatar is the Islamic nation
in Middle-East and not all the
tourists prefer to visit Middle-
East because of terrorism.
4. Environment Issues As such there are no issues because Environment issues like
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of availability of natural resources.
Also, the weather is cool.
unavailability of water resources,
national parks and natural
vegetations. Weather of Qatar is
also an issue (Herrera, et. al.,
2018).
5. Economic Issues There are no economic issues
because of higher economic
growth.
Economic issues are there in
launching new tourist hub
because of lower economic
growth.
6. Social Issues Crime rates at Mauritius are almost
negligible and hospitality is a major
concern.
Gambling, terrorism and
smuggling of weapons are at its
peaks.
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P5.2. Evaluate, with recommendations, the future development of tourism in these chosen
destinations.
The issues which needed to eliminate in order to convert Qatar into an international tourism hub.
Qatar is an emerging tourist destination, which means this country still needs more and efficient
tourist plans in order to enrich its economy. But there are many factors easily impact the whole
soul aim of the nation. As the country is situated in middle-east, so terrorism is a big issue. The
government should make strategies to improve the security of visitors and also make policies to
abolish gambling, smuggling (He, et. al., 2018). The reduction in crime leads to more tourists
which automatically increase the economic growth of the nation. Qatar is a middle-east country
with lack of natural vegetation, water resources and national or biological parks. The country
should more focus on environmental issues like fewer water resources as water is a basic
necessity of life. The social-cultural relationships should be improved as Qatar is an Islamic
country, people from different religions not able to mix up with them due to communication and
hospitality gaps (Herrera, et. al., 2018).
The necessary recommendations for both nations in order to enhance the tourism economy and to
support healthy tourism relations with other nations are:
Recommendation for Qatar:
The government needs to work on the marketing strategies to increase the tourist count. This can
be done by launching new policies and holiday packs for tourists. Also, need to launch new
safety and secure majors to prevent crimes against tourists. The government should provide extra
facilities at lower costs to attract visitors. The country should also promote secular culture
message as a major concern of people around the world. Improvement in infrastructures like new
buildings, parks and hotels need to built to accommodate visitors easily. Qatar government
should try to build new relations with other nations in order to set up that country’s embassy
offices in Qatar. Presence of embassy offices will give more security and relief to the visiting
people.
Recommendation for Mauritius:
33

Although, Mauritius is a developing tourist spot still the government of this nation needs to focus
on fullfillment of tourists needs rather than on economic growth. New tourist attraction points
should be opened to serve more tourists from the world. Marketing should be promoted to the
higher level with intention to promote tourism. The recommendations for infrastructural
development and marketing has been provided in Mauritius and Qatar for future development of
tourism (He, et. al., 2015).
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Conclusion
Tourism is sector capable of immense growth and benefits. The tourism industry acts as a
catalyst for the better economic growth of the nation and helps in generating employment and
better infrastructure of the country. Thus the social-cultural and economic impacts of the
tourism industry are huge and highly beneficial.
35

Conclusion
It is evident that the concept of Sustainable Tourism Development is gaining popularity and is
one of the most effective methods to improve the performance of the tourism industry all around
the globe. Sustainable tourism provides a balanced approach to tourism development and helps
in maintaining coordination between the people and the planet. The tourism industry can also
benefit the economy of a country and the introduction of public-private partnership and
interactive planning can add up to the efficiency of this sector. It has been discussed that several
emerging countries are planning to expand the tourism sector. Qatar in recent years has gained
tremendous growth in the field of tourism and is currently among one of the preferred
destinations among the international travellers. Through effective and interactive planning great
results can be achieved and the issues on the road to sustainable development can be eliminated.
The interactive planning sessions and process play a vital role in the success of the tourism.
Apart from the most popular tourist destinations in the world countries like Qatar are also
performing exceptionally well and have huge potential to improve in terms of international
tourism. Through this report, it has been concluded that the developing nation like Mauritius
should focus on marketing and fulfillment of tourist’s requirements rather than on economic
growth.
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