Detailed Analysis of RMR, BMR, and Metabolic Processes in Nutrition

This assignment presents an analysis of Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR), Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR), and the broader concept of metabolism. It includes calculations of RMR based on physiological parameters like VO2, VCO2, and RER, and BMR estimations considering factors such as height, weight, age, and gender. The assignment explores the influence of various factors on BMR, including muscle mass, gender, climate, and health conditions. It also includes Short Answer Questions (SAQs) that involve calculating RMR-based energy persistence for a chocolate bar, determining calorie consumption during sleep, and calculating the number of days it would take to utilize a given amount of stored fat. The assignment concludes with a discussion on the relationship between metabolism, exercise, and fat utilization, emphasizing how exercise boosts metabolism and influences energy expenditure.

Table 1: Measured RMR
Physiological Parameters Volunteer #1
Resting VO2 L/min 0.44
Resting VCO2 L/min 0.52
Resting RER 1.18
% Glucose 100%
% Fat 0%
Resting MR (kcal/min) 2.31
Post-exercise VO2 L/min 0.20
Post-exercise VCO2 L/min 0.27
Post-exercise RER 1.35
% Glucose 100%
% Fat 0%
Post-exercise MR (kcal/min) 1.09
Body Surface Area (m2) 1.52
Standardised RMR (kcal/min/ m2) 1.51
B. Resting Energy Requirement (RER) will change slightly post exercise. The exercise make changes in the
metabolism usage of glucose level and carbohydrates that is energy boosters of body.
Table 2: Estimated BMR
Physiological Parameters Volunteer #1 Member #1 Member #2 Member #3
Height (cm) 155 156 169 165
Weight (kg) 53 45 60 58
Age (Years) 19 20 20 21
Gender F F F F
BMR Estimation (kcal/min) 1242.75/Day
0.86 kcal /min
1164 / Day
0.80 kcal/min
1395.25
0.96 kcal/min
1345.25
0.93 kcal/min
B. BMR influencing factors
1. BMR will increase when weight, height and surface area increment.
2. BMR increase when lean muscle mass increases. Since fat tissues are having lower metabolic activity
than normal muscle tissue which will affect the BMR
3. Women possess body fat and less muscle mass that cause for BMR increase.
4. Tropical climate also affects the BMR increments.
5. Thyroxine level from the thyroid glands also make drastic changes in BMR. Women near menopause
also affect the BMR.
6. Health issues, illness and injuries also increases the BMR.

SAQ1. A.
Calculate the RMR – Energy persistence in Chocolate Bar (230 kcal)
Women RMR = (10*weight)+(6.25*height) – (5*Age)- 161
= (10x 53) + (6.25 x 155) – (5 x 19) – 161
= 530 + 968.75 – 95 – 161
= 1498.75 – 256 = 1242.75 kcal / Day = 0.86 kcal/min
Generally, a food requires beginning digestion after 3- 6 hours of meal. For the chocolate bar is having
250 kcal, it requires 5 hours to digest
B.
Every person need = 0.42 calories / Pound/ Hour during sleep.
Member #1
Weight = 45 kg or 99 lbs
Consumption of Calories during sleep = 0.42 calories/pound/ hr
Member #1 weight = 99 lbs
Calories consumption = 99 x 0.42
= 41.58 calories / hr
Member #1 calories = 1164 calories /41.58 = 28 hours of sleep required to burn in resting.
Member #2
Weight = 60 kg or 132 lbs
Consumption of Calories during sleep = 0.42 calories/pound/ hr
Member #2 weight = 132 lbs
Calories consumption = 132 x 0.42
= 55.44 calories / hr
Member #2 calories = 1395 calories /55.44 = 25 hours of sleep required to burn in resting.
Member #3
Weight = 58 kg or 128 lbs
Consumption of Calories during sleep = 0.42 calories/pound/ hr
Member #1 weight = 128 lbs
Calories consumption = 128 x 0.42

= 53.78 calories / hr
Member #1 calories = 1345 calories /53.78 = 25 hours of sleep required to burn in resting.
SA Q2.
Given:
Fat storage per gram = 9.6 kcal energy
Given fat as energy source = 1.5kg
Calculation:
Fat as given in grams – 1500 gms
= 1500 x 9.6 = 14400 kcal energy
As per volunteer consumption = 1242 kcal / day
If 14400 kcal needs
= 14400 / 1242 -11.5 Days
So 11.5 days will be taken.
SAQ3:
Metabolism is a process that convert the food into energy that is essential to live. The energy is
mandatorily required for not only for activities, it is inevitable to run the prompt function of human
body as well. Exercise used to boost metabolism. Exercise builds lean muscle mass that increase the
RMR. Excessive exercise will lead to controversial increase in metabolism energy or able to burn the fat.
In fact, body utilizes the fat more than carbohydrates post completion of complicated exercise
workouts. Exercise will help to releases more hormones which elevate the body metabolism.