Introduction to FIGURES 3 LIST OF FIGURES 3 ABSTRACT 4 ABSTRACT 5 ABSTRACT 4 ABSTRACT 5 INTRODUCTION 6 1.0 Introduction to the topic 6 1.1 Introduction to the company 10 1.3 Statement of the problem 1
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LIST OF FIGURES 3 LIST OF TABLES 4 ABSTRACT 5 INTRODUCTION 6 1.0 Chapter Introduction 6 1.1 Introduction to the topic 6 1.2 Introduction to the company 10 1.3 Statement of the problem 11 1.3.1 Research problem 11 1.3.2 Research Questions 12 1.4 Significance of the study 12 1.5 Objective of the study 13 1.5.1 Main Objective 13 1.5.2 Specific Objectives 13 1.6 Limitation of the study 13 LITREATURE REVIEW 15 2.0 Chapter Introduction 15 2.1 History of Occupational Health and
Introduction to FIGURES 3 LIST OF FIGURES 3 ABSTRACT 4 ABSTRACT 5 ABSTRACT 4 ABSTRACT 5 INTRODUCTION 6 1.0 Introduction to the topic 6 1.1 Introduction to the company 10 1.3 Statement of the problem 1
Added on 2021-07-23
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Table of Contents LIST OF FIGURES..................................................................................................................3 LIST OF TABLES....................................................................................................................4 ABSTRACT.............................................................................................................................5 INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................6 1.0Chapter Introduction.................................................................................................6 1.1Introduction to the topic............................................................................................6 1.2Introduction to the company...................................................................................10 1.3Statement of the problem........................................................................................11 1.3.1Research problem............................................................................................11 1.3.2Research Questions.........................................................................................12 1.4Significance of the study.........................................................................................12 1.5Objective of the study.............................................................................................13 1.5.1Main Objective................................................................................................13 1.5.2Specific Objectives.........................................................................................13 1.6Limitation of the study............................................................................................13 LITREATURE REVIEW.......................................................................................................15 2.0Chapter Introduction...............................................................................................15 2.1History of Occupational Health and Safety.............................................................15 2.2Development of occupational health, safety............................................................15 2.3Definition and Terms..............................................................................................16 2.4Accident in the workplace.......................................................................................17 2.5Hazards and near misses in the workplace..............................................................18 2.6Impact of Employer concern on Industrial accidents..............................................19 2.7Impact of Employee concern on Industrial accidents..............................................21 2.8Importance of utilizing PPE’s (Personal Protective Equipments)...........................23 2.9Prevent Industrial Accidents at the workplace........................................................24 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY............................................................................................27 3.0Chapter Introduction...............................................................................................27 3.1Conceptual framework............................................................................................27 3.1.1Independent variables......................................................................................28 3.1.2Dependant variables........................................................................................28 3.2Developing Hypothesis...........................................................................................28
3.3Study population and Sampling technique..............................................................29 3.3.1Population.......................................................................................................29 3.3.2Sampling Technique.......................................................................................29 3.4Data collection methods and procedures.................................................................30 3.4.1Data Collection...............................................................................................30 3.4.2Data collection procedure................................................................................30 3.5Data Analysing and Presentation............................................................................30 DATA ANALYSIS & PRESENTATION..............................................................................32 4.0Chapter Introduction...............................................................................................32 4.1Findings and Data analysis......................................................................................32 4.2.1.Analysis of Demographic factors....................................................................32 4.2.2.Analyse on Hypothesis....................................................................................35 CHAPTER 05.........................................................................................................................43 CONCLUTION AND RECOMMENDATION......................................................................43 5.0Chapter Introduction...............................................................................................43 5.1Conclusion..............................................................................................................43 5.1Recommendations...................................................................................................43 REFERENCES.......................................................................................................................46 APPENDICES........................................................................................................................51 2
LIST OF TABLES Table 01- Demographic factor analysis............................................................34 Table 02 - Accidents rate of the organization....................................................35 Table 03 - Summary of the Data analysis..........................................................36 Table 04 - Spearman correlation test results for the relationships between the Management concern on safety and the Industrial accidents of the work place ............................................................38 Table 05 - Spearman correlation test results for the relationships between the Employee concern on safety and the Industrial accidents of the work place ............................................................40 Table 06 - Spearman correlation test results for the relationships between the Employee concern on safety and the Industrial accidents of the work place ............................................................41 4
ABSTRACT Industrial Accidents of any organization will affect the productivity of the organization. Industrial accidents should be prevented and it is necessary of understanding factors affecting to the industrial accidents of the organization. Management concern, Employee concern and Utilization of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE’s).The above factors have an influence on Industrial accidents of the organization. The study is based on the Impact of Employer and Employee concern on Industrial accidents of the organization. Data collection was done by using an interviewer administrated structured questionnaire. The sample consists of employees from Sri Lanka leading manufacturing company. Simple random sampling method was used for the data collection. As a result of factor analysis, Employer concern and Utilization of PPE’s has a relationship with the Industrial accidents which is a negative relationship, in Employer concern Management involvement on safety procedures of the organization, Proper Health and safety program providing, Actions taken for the reported issues, New employee trainings, management observation on safety even when employees are busy, also in Utilization of PPE’s Well proving of PPE’s, Quality of the PPE’s and the management observation on PPE’s used by the employees. These variables have a relationship with the Industrial accident of the organization. Since these variables have negative weak relationship once these variables increase the level of industrial accidents will increase but will not have an influence always on the Industrial accidents. Hence according to the analysis in order to reduce the accidents of the organization, management could have proper involvement by having safety audits, analyzing on safety issues and providing proper training programs with help by external expertise. Also providing proper and quality PPE’s and observe on employees whether the employees are utilizing PPE’s well. so that management can get a support from these external PPE suppliers and provide good and quality PPE’s to the employees. But since the variable does not have a strong relationship with the Industrial accidents of the organization further studies should be carried on in order to analyze the Factors affecting to the Industrial accidents of the Organization Key words – Health & Safety, Industrial accidents, Employee, employer, Personal Protective Equipment’s 5
CHAPTER 01 INTRODUCTION 1.0Chapter Introduction Health and Safety is an important aspect of an organization, this chapter will emphasise how it has been implemented and how it has been developed with the various Health and Safety standards. Industrial Accidents could e directly influence to the peoples’ lives hence it should be prevented, this chapter will also describe how it could be affected to the society and how it could be prevented with Employer, Employee involvement. 1.1Introduction to the topic Introduction to occupational safety and health Health and Safety is an important aspect of an organization, this chapter will emphasise the development of health and safety and what are the importance of it, Most of the health and safety standards implemented after the industrial revolution and International Labour Organization has been introduced 40 standards for occupational health and safety in order to reduce industrial accidents of the organization Occupational safety and health generally defines as the science of the anticipation, recognition, evaluation and control of hazards arising in the workplace that could impair the health and wellbeing of the workers, taking into account the possible impact on surrounding communities and the general environment (Alli, 2008). A healthy workforce is a vital or sustainable social and economic development on a global, national and local level. The classic approach to ensuring health and safety in the workplace has depended mainly on the enactment of the legislation and inspection of workplaces ensure compliance with health and safety standards. While this approach has been effective in controlling many specific occupational hazards since the industrial revolution. It has not been very effective in the past several decades, particularly in developing countries, for several reasons (John Shimwell, 2000) The ILO Constitution sets forth the principle that workers should be protected from sickness, disease and injury arising from their employment, In 2003 the ILO adopted anglobal strategy to improve occupational safety and healthwhich included 6
the introduction of a preventive safety and health culture, the promotion and development of relevant instruments, and technical assistance, The ILO has adopted more than 40 standards specifically dealing with occupational safety and health, as well as over 40 Codes of Practice. Nearly half of ILO instruments deal directly or indirectly with occupational safety and health issues ( ILO standards on occupational health) Impact of Industrial accidents to the society Though it has several standards still in every 15 seconds a worker dies from a work related accident or disease, and it may not only affect to the employees, but for his family, friends and co workers as well. So that it is important of prevent industrial accidents of the organization since it is immeasurable and will have a major impact on the society. In order to prevent accidents of the organization it is important of identifying the hazards of the organization. This chapter well describe how could Industrial Accidents could be reduced by identifying hazards of the organization Every 15 seconds; a worker dies from a work-related accident or disease. Every 15 seconds, 153 workers have a work-related accident. Every day, 6,300 people die as a result of occupational accidents or work-related diseases. More than 2.3 million deaths per year. 317 million accidents occur on the job annually ("Safety and Health at Work". Ilo.org, 2017). A serious workplace injury or death could affect for the people’s whole life, family, friends and their co-workers. Occupational injuries could provoke major crisis to their family members and in the other hand it will give a major impact for a financial loss as well, Human injuries or deaths are immeasurable. It will also affect to the organizational wellbeing and the productivity as well, therefore every person who goes to work in the morning should return home in good health. ("The Importance of Safety - Work safest". Work Safest, 2017). An occupational hazard is a thing or situation with which could harm for the worker it could be divided into two categories: safety hazards that cause accidents that physically injure workers, and health hazards which result in the development of disease. Hazards can be rated according to the severity of the harm they cause - a significant hazard being one with the potential to cause a critical injury or death. Removing occupational hazards is only one way of improving worker protection. What is often more practical is the control or management of the risks that hazards pose. Sometimes, in addition to the probability of a hazard causing harm, risk includes 7
a consideration of the seriousness of the hazard. There are three steps of removing hazard of the organization, first it should be recognized, assessed and controlled. (Ontario Ministry of Labour, 2016) hence controlling hazards are important of creating a safety culture of the organization Past study indicated that an introduction of safety culture can be seen as a solution to the incremental accident cases in the workplace (Sukadarin, 2012) Organization culture in terms of the beliefs and values of the organization which act as prescription for the way in which organizational members should work. “safety culture’’ may be perceived as a subset of the organizational culture where the beliefs and values refer specifically to maters in health and safety (Harrison, 1970) so the making a proper safety culture always matters in health and safety, hence management of the organization has a major responsibility of creating a proper safety culture of the organization. Perception of the senior manager’s attitude and behaviours in relation to the safety and wellbeing of the workforce (Schein, 1992) This study is focusing on factors affecting in industrial accidents in special reference to Employer, Employee concern and using Personal Protective Equipment’s of the ABC (Ceylon) PLC. Employee and the Employer concern is really important on preventing industrial accidents if the organization. Impact of Employee concern on Industrial Accidents Employee concern on industrial accidents has a major impact on reducing industrial accidents of the organization. Employees should be responsible for protecting own self from the accidents. This chapter will describe how employee should be concern on industrial accidents and how to reduce it proper involvement Workplace safety perception has a number of elements, which include employee attitudes, awareness programs, employee involvement, safety goals, safety policy, procedure and regulations, safety management, safety assessments, communication, discipline, training, hazard elimination, supervision, award and punishment, housekeeping and support for safety.. Employees with good safety perception produce high quality products and services, work at a higher efficiency, The employee workplace safety perception depends on the owner and the management’s attitude towards safety ("What Is Workplace Safety Perception?” - Definition from Safeopedi,2017) Another past study has emphasize that workers knowledge on and compliance to, workers attitudes towards safety, workers participation and 8
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