Human Capital and Organizational Performance

The assignment delves into the concept of human capital, its importance in modern organizations, and various theories related to motivation and leadership styles. It examines how factors like Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Situational Leadership influence employee performance and organizational outcomes. The provided literature review highlights key research findings and perspectives on this crucial topic.

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Define the various relevant models, analysis and approaches to the company to manage
human resource management. ...............................................................................................1
Critical analysis on the recruitment and selection procedure in the human resource
management practice. ............................................................................................................4
Discussion on the various approaches of the HRD and the measure to get overcome from it. . 5
Critical evaluation on the Theories of the motivation............................................................8
Define the feature of the effective leader. .............................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

ABSTRACT
The human resource management is very essential in relation to provide the good
working to the employees. Without their presence the firm is not able to cope with the operations
of the business. The present assignment will cover the activities like human resource approach,
recommendation in relation to the recruitment and selection, approaches of the Human resource
development and the various theories of the motivation. The main aim behind this report is to
managing the success of the firm by dealing with the various kind of the key function of the
business enterprise.

INTRODUCTION
The human resource management is the essential part of the firm they need to conduct the
each business activities in the appropriate manner. With the help of their effective working the
firm is able to manage the overall working (Riccucci, 2017). With the help of this the section,
recruitment activities can be taken in the effective manner. This kind of activities will be helpful
in relation to running the operation of the business in the smooth manner. With the help of
managing the human capital of the firm the all employee can able to make effective contribution.
Leadership is the person who lead the firm and manage the overall working with the help of this
kind of the person the firm is bale to maintain the brand image.
The present report is focusing over the Nando's company which is working as the casual
dining restaurant chain in the South Africa. In order to make this practices more effective this
firm is focussing over the casual dining restaurant in this manner they are taking various
initiatives in relation to improve the activities of Human resource and leadership (Hmieleski,
Carr and Baron, 2015). In this present assignment the various activities are need to be included
such are as key function of the human resource approach, recommendation in relation to the
recruitment and selection, approaches of the Human resource development and the various
theories of the motivation. This all function will be helpful in managing the overall success of
the firm. The main object of this assignment is to managing success by dealing with this function
so that firm is able to enhance they profitability and productivity.
Define the various relevant models, analysis and approaches to the company to manage
human resource management.
The company need to manage the human resource activities in the effective manner so
that each work can be conducted in the expertise way. With the help of the HR model the
strategic goal of the firm can be identified. This kind of the activities create the gap between the
HR strategy and other are as of HR management. According to the view of Armstrong and
Taylor, (2014) has been said that the work of the human resource manager can be improve if
they all work with the help of framing the strategic management of the person so that
organization is able to cover the various thing in the specialized manner. The human resource
management model is very helpful in relation to have development in the people of the
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organization and various resources available to them. The human resource management. In this
manner the various kind of the models are given such are as-
The matching model- This is the very first model, this kind of the activities giving the major
focus on the function and inter-relatedness. In this there are various things such are as
development, selection, appraisal and rewards. With the help of this kind of the contribution the
firm is able to enhancing their effectiveness. According to the view of Bird and Schjoedt, (2017)
has been said that the each activity of the firm is need to be taken in relation to achieve the desire
goal of the firm. With the help of this they are able to give the major focus over the quality of the
work to the management. As per the view of Maynard and et.al., (2017) has been said that this
model is virtually affected by the environmental factors. In this it can be true to said that they
give their major focus over the all the function of the HRM and they used to ignore the all
environmental emergency factors which can terribly affect the working of the HR functions.
Harvard model- The process of this model is little comprehensive and it is consists of the six
critical components of human resource management. In this the various kind of the dimension
are need to be given such are as stakeholders, situational factors, HRM policy choices and long
term consequences. In this model there are two kinds of the characteristics are given such are as-
1. Line manager is working very hard in relation to get the more responsibility in order to
know about the competitive strategy and personal polices.
2. Personnel has the mission of setting the various kind of the policies and govern that how
several kinds of the activities are to be developed and implemented.
According to Bird and Schjoedt, (2017) they have said that with the help of this kind of the work
the working of the organization can be developed by undertaking various strategies so that there
can e enhancement in the productivity and profitability of the firm. This kind of framework is
inclusive of various outline such are as-
Employee influence- they work with the help of delegation level of the authority and power of
the responsibility.
Human resource flows- This kind of the activities is inclusive of the various kind of the factor
such are as selection, promotion, recruitment and termination etc.
Reward system- this function will able to enhance the motivation system of the person so that
they can work in more effective and active manner.
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Work system- in this manner there can be effective design of the work and alignment of the
people so that desire objective of the organization can be achieved.
The main aim of this report is to work effectively in the firm like Nando's so that various kind of
the customer can get attracted towards the working of the enterprise. They used to place their
major focus on the Four C's are as-
 Competence
 Commitment.
 Cost effectiveness
 Congruence
The guest Model - This is very effective model and it is Superior among all of them. This kind of
model claims that the human resource manager need to work with the specific strategy. With the
help of this various kind of the outcome received by the firm are as performance leaders,
behavioural and financial awards. This kind of the model used to give the major focus over the
behavioural outcomes, result of the performance and financial result of the firm so that growth of
the firm can be measured and effective decision in this relation can be taken. According to the
view of Bird and Schjoedt, (2017) has been said this model is major focus over the achievement
of the performance of the each employees so that growth of the company can be enlarge and they
can able to earn more amount of the productivity. As per the view of Adjibolosoo, (2018) has
been stated that the guest model is very effective in relation to finding out the overall complexity
of the firm and it provides the various measures in order to get improve this.
The Warwick model- This model has been designed in order to design the strategic framework of
the company so that each activity can be work in the effective and efficient manner. This is
consisting of the two things such are as internal as well external factor. The main strong factor of
this model is that it is very helpful in relation to identify the environmental influences. This is
very helpful in order to set out the map connection between the environment and external factors
which is taking steps in order to exploring the various change in the human resource manger.
According to the view of Armstrong and Taylor, (2014) has been said that this kind of the
model is very helpful in relation to find out the gap between various kind of the measurement.
This will help to assist the development in the organization so that person can able to perform in
the organization in well effective manner. This kind of the process will be helpful in order to
have enlargement in all the activities so that firm is able to achieve desire goal of the enterprise.
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This kind of the activity will be helpful in relation to have maximisation in the profitability and
productivity of the firm can be maximized.
Critical analysis on the recruitment and selection procedure in the human resource
management practice.
This is a very effective step in everything is need to be done in the effective and efficient
manner. In this report it has been defined that currently many kinds of the problem is being faced
by the Nando's company. It is the small retailer company with the strong presence in the market.
To make the more amount of profitability in the market it is important to hire the skilled
employees. The Nando firm is taking initiative steps in relation to having maximum potential in
the market. With the help of the firm is able to hire the skilled employee. In this manner it can
be said that human resource manage rare the person who are responsible to conduct the selection
of the employees (Hmieleski, Carr and Baron, 2015). In this manner the firm need to provide
effective training to the employees. This kind of the activities will be helpful in relation to select
the best candidate among the variable.
This can be true to said the section procedure start with the preliminary test and after that the
application form is need to be filled by the applicant. With the help of the various kind of the
internal and external forces the selection procedure of the firm is need to be taken (Miller, Xu
and Mehrotra, 2015). This firm is distributing its services as the food and beverages so they need
to give major consideration on the person who are able to give the final decision and the
employees are need to make the good communication among the employees so that each activity
can be taken in the effective and efficient manner. The following steps are included in relation to
make the effective selection procedure such are as-
Initial screening- this is the initial steps, this is need to be taken in order to conduct the
each activity in the effective manner. In this the unqualified employees drop out at their first
level only (Frederiksen and Kato, 2017). The Nando's needs to make the list of the several
questions so that they can able to have the potential staff in the company this is the firs and very
important step to search for the best. At this level the applicant will be asked the differed
questions. With the help of this kind of the activities there can be reduction in the number of the
applicants in the process of selection. This step is very helpful in relation to eliminate the various
number of the person in the expertise way.
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Application form- The selected candidate needs to fill the application form. The
information in the application form is differed and it is dependent on the type of the organisation
they are working for. The Nando's need to make the application form which is need to be full
filled by the employee who have been selected. The historical data of the candidate is need to be
quickly collected. This all kind of the things will be helpful in relation to make the authentic
source of the selection procedure. As per the view of Greer, Lusch, and Hitt, (2017) it has been
stated that verification is need to be carried in the authentic manner so that firm can have the
skilled person who is able to manage the all working in the effective and efficient manner.
Pre employment test- in this the various kind of the ability of the person is need to be
judged such are as mental and physical ability, skills, personal characteristics and various kind of
the other aspect which can be measure effective in relation to find out the effectiveness of the
person in the expertise manner. The Nando's need to hire those Human resource personal who
are able to hire the best skilled employees. This kind of the activity will be helpful in relation to
measure the behaviour of the human. According to the view of Kadir and et.al., (2018) has been
said that the beneficial fact about this step is that there is need to get ensure the potential quality
of the person.
Job interviews- After this three step the selected candidate will be called for the
interview. This is the crucial step in this the senior manager of the Nando's need to take step
which will help them to have potential staff. This will helpful in relation to get the skilled
employees so that with the help of this the firm is able to achieve the desired result
(Sundaramurthy, Pukthuanthong and Kor, 2014). This kind of the activity will be helpful in
relation to take the effective steps. The profile of the job is need to be made on the basis of job
description.
Background checks- this step is need to be taken after verifying the all authentic identity
of the person. The Nando's should take effective step in relation to have the employees after
knowing the background of them. At this stage the various activities are need to be verified such
are as legal status, criminal records, legal status and various other thing is need to be verified so
that person can able to perform its activities in the effective and efficient manner. In this the
level of the responsibility is need to be given after having identification of the investigation of
the background of the person (Sundaramurthy, Pukthuanthong and Kor, 2014). In this the
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validity and accuracy of the person is need to be identified so that effective steps can be taken in
this relation.
Conditional job offer- after getting the all steps done this is the very crucial step of the
selection process. In this step the important decision is need to be taken in order to hire the
skilled person. In this step the requirement is need to be met so that effective person can be
selected. At this level the medical exam of the person is need to be concluded.
Medical exam- this is the last step of the section procedure in this the physical
verification of the person will be conducted in order to find out his health status. If he is able to
select this final step that he will be selected to give the job (Popescu, Comănescu and Sabie,
2016). This test is conducted in order to find out the stability of the person in firm.
RECOMMENDATION
1. The Nando's company will able to taken initiative in relation to appoint this HR who is
able to find the potential employees.
2. They need to make various strategies with the help of this they are able to find out the
best employee.
3. They need to maintain the confidential of the each employee to make the firm process
effective.
Discuss its approach to HRD and explain how this could be improved.
This is the systematic and planned activities and it is designed to meet the skill of the
person in relation to the present and future job. This kind of the process will be helpful in
relation to develop the overall working of the firm. The Nando's company need to make effective
approach in relation to make approaches of human resource development effectively. With the
help of this the firm is able to operate its function in well and effective manner. The human
resource development is the activity which is able meet out the skill and knowledge of the person
so that each activity can be conduct in the effective manner (Popescu, Comănescu and Sabie,
2016). This is inclusive of the various kind of the opportunities are as career development,
performance management, coaching, mentoring and other many. The main aim in this relation is
to develop the superior workforce so that business can able to enhancing the brand image by
targeting the persona and firm (Miller, Xu and Mehrotra, 2015). This all activities is conduct in
order to achieve the various process such are as-
 The effective step in relation to changing environment.
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 To have improvement in the interpersonal skill of the person.
 With the help of this the firm will be able to achieve the productivity and profitability of
the enterprise.
There are the various approaches are given in relation to make the HRD approach effective aere
as-
Unitarian approach- This approach play the vital role in the lives of the human resource
development of the organization. As the approach focuses on the informal and formal relation as
well. With the help of this the human resource manager focuses on dividing work among
employees according to their interest (Jiang, Chuang and Chiao, 2015). This kind of the activity
will be helpful in relation to enhance the profitability and productivity of the entity. This kind of
the model used to give the major focus over the behavioural outcomes, result of the performance
and financial result of the firm so that growth of the firm can be measured and effective decision
in this relation can be taken. According to Greer, Lusch, and Hitt, (2017) this the relationship
among the employees in the firm are improvising. They are giving the major focus over the
working of the firm so that each activities can be run without any dispute over the parties.
Strategic framework approach- This approach is mainly focusing over the strategies of the
firm, organizational capabilities and practices of HRD so that each thing can run in the effective
manner. The Nando is casual dining restaurant In this manner to gain the more amount of the
profitability he need to provide good services to the customer so that brand image of the firm can
enhanced and large amount of profitability can be maximized. According to the Bird and
Schjoedt, (2017) has been said that the main object of behind taking this kind of the activities
is that to build critical capabilities of the firm and smooth working in the business enterprise will
be helpful in relation to achieve the desire goal of the firm. As per the view of Radaelli, (2018)
has said that the person is able to earn large amount of profitability by giving major
consideration to the various strategies of the firm. With the help of this it is essential to provide
the good working opportunities. With the help of this kind of the framework the firm can have
the particular tools and path so that enough identification can be made which will be helpful in
order to practising the human resource approach in the good manner.
Integrative framework approach- in this kind of the framework all activities are interrelated to
each other. The relation between the employers and employees need to be effective so that they
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are able to make the good interaction. In this the three path are has been identified which is very
essential to have large amount of the contribution in the performance of business, This are as-
 Building organizational capabilities.
 To get improve the satisfaction of the employees.
 Shaping the customer so that firm can able to have long-term sustainability.
As per the view of Greer, Lusch, and Hitt, (2017) has been said that this kind of the approach
has been made to give the major focus over the entire development of the human resource system
taking in the account the various kind of the synergies which is need to be exist among the
development practices of the human resource. According to Bird and Schjoedt, (2017) has been
said that this is working in manner to negotiating the decision in order to conceptualize the
various kind of the action and contingencies so that possible outcome can be achieved. With the
help of this they are making the collaborative participation in each kind of the activities. As per
the view of Maynard and et.al., (2017) has been said that they need to develop the priorities in
the human resource programmers in the primary manner on the basis sof the expected productive
return. With the help of this kind of the activity the maximum profitability and productivity of
the firm can be maximized.
Human capital approach- This is one of the most effectuate approach they need to undertake
the organization activities in the expertise manner so that desire objective of the firm can be full
filled. According to the Greer, Lusch, and Hitt, (2017) there are five stages are given in order
to manage the overall working of the human capital are as-
 Classification stage
 Assessment stage
 Design stage
 Implementation stage
 Monitoring stage.
In this there are five areas of the good human resources capital management re also been
provided in the following manner are as-
 Recruitment
 Rewarding and performance management
 Development in the career, training and succession planning.
 Retention and retirement so that each work can be conducted in the good manner.
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 Stricture of the organization and human capital enablers.
As per the view of Armstrong and Taylor, (2014) has been said that the areas and stages of the
human resource management are given in order to get ensure the each area is able to get fit in the
particular strategies. This kind of the working will be helpful in relation to have smooth working
in the business Enterprise.
Critical evaluation on the Theories of the motivation.
With the help of the motivation theory the firm is able to motivating the employees. In
this various theories are given with the help of this the person is able to work in the proper
guideline manner. In this various kind of the theories are given such are as-
Maslow's theory- This theory is relates to the full filling the basic need of the person. In
this various things are included such are as self actualization, esteem need, belonging, safety and
physiological (Uhl-Bien and Arena, 2018). With the help of this theory it can determine that
every person is having his own need and it is need to be full filled this kind of the approach is
able to feel motivated. With the help of this the organization is able to run the activities in the
effective and efficient manner.
9

Illustration 1: Maslow's motivation theory
(Source: Riccucci, 2017, Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. 2017)
Herzberg's Two factor theory- with the help of this there can be identification of the
factor that which kind of the thing can motivate the person in the large manner. In this various
kind of the thing can be taken such are as power to take the decision, identification of the
essential things (Popescu, Comănescu and Sabie, 2016). With the help of this the firm is able to
enhance the profitability and productivity. In this the second factor is to be taken as the Hygiene
factor which is helpful in relation to resolving the issues like payment of bonus etc.
Vroom expectancy theory- This kind of the theory will be helpful in relation to work in
the manner which will be helpful in order to accomplish the desire profitability of firm. With the
help of the resources the performance and profitability of the firm can be measured.
The motivation is the factor which is need to be improved in relation to increasing the
productivity of business enterprise. This is the vital component in relation get the business
succeed. The Nando's company have selected the two theory which will be helpful in relation to
motivate their staff to do their best are as- Maslow's Hierarchy theory and Herzberg two factors
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theory. The need of the motivational theory in this relation are based on the various issues such
are as High turnover, dissatisfied customers and drop sales which is having the large impact on
the sales. The main object of the business report is to identify the problem in relation to know the
things which are causing the motivational issues.
Define the feature of the effective leader.
The leader is the person who is responsible to manage the overall working of the firm in
the expertise manner. The Nando's is firm which need to take various approaches in relation to
enhance the bran image of the firm. This kind of function will be helpful in relation to have
increment in the firm profitability and productivity by choosing the approach which can improve
the working of the firm. There are the various kinds of the activities which is need to be analysed
by knowing the effectiveness of the leaders with the help of the relevant model (Miller, Xu and
Mehrotra, 2015). This all defined in the following manner-
1. Situational leadership model- with the help of this the leader is able to get the guidance in
which direction he need to conduct his activities. With the help of this the person in the
firm are able to make the better interaction (Jiang, Chuang and Chiao, 2015). With the
help of this the leader is able to develop the good understanding under differed situations.
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Illustration 2: situational leadership
(source:Hmieleski, Carr and Baron, Situational Leadership. 2017 )
2. Star team leadership model- with the help of this the leader can able to maintain the
balance between the strength of individuals, in this they give major consideration on the
result.
3. Focus leadership model- in this they give major focus over the development in the team.
With the help of this they are able to work in the effective manner (Frederiksen and Kato,
2017). They create the vision and make the team so that effective working of the
organisation can be possible.
4. Trait leadership theory and model- In this it has been said that the leader are not the
person who born with this attitude. According to the Adjibolosoo, (2018) has been said
the leader is the person who is having the capability to manage the each thing in the
effective manner.
RECOMMENDATION
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1. The leader is the company who should be capable enough in relation to lead firm
effectively.
2. The Nando's company will hire the leader who is able to conduct the best operation in the
firm.
3. With the help of star leadership and focus leadership the firm is able to build the good
strategy so that productivity of the firm can be increased.
CONCLUSION
Hereby, It has been concluded that the human resource management is the essential part
of the firm they need to conduct the each business activities in the appropriate manner. With the
help of their effective working the firm is able to manage the overall working. This report has
been covered the various kind of the activities such are as various activities are need to be
included such are as key function of the human resource approach, recommendation in relation
to the recruitment and selection, approaches of the Human resource development and the various
theories of the motivation. The human resource management model is very helpful in relation to
have development in the people of the organization and various resources available to them. his
all function will be helpful in managing the overall success of the firm. The main object of this
assignment is to managing success by dealing with this function so that firm is able to enhance
they profitability and productivity. This kind of the process will be helpful in order to have
enlargement in all the activities so that firm is able to achieve desire goal of the enterprise.
13

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