TAS2R38 Polymorphisms and Taste Receptors - PDF
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Added on 2021-06-14
TAS2R38 Polymorphisms and Taste Receptors - PDF
Added on 2021-06-14
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Running Head: GENETICSGeneticsName of the StudentName of the UniversityAuthor Note
1GENETICSAbstract The aim of the study is to find the relationship between PTC phenotype and genotype. The studyalso aimed to study the relationship between TAS2R38 polymorphisms and taste receptors. Gelelectrophoresis was used to analyse cheek swabs. From the results it is found that there aresignificant differences between phenotype and genotype of a person. In addition, there aresignificant differences between the genotype of TAS2R38 and Dark chocolate and BrusselSprouts. Further, the results showed no difference between genotype of TAS2R38 and BlackCoffee, Green Capsicum, Apples and Broccoli.
2GENETICSTable of ContentsAbstract............................................................................................................................................1Introduction......................................................................................................................................3Materials and Methods....................................................................................................................3Collection of Sample...................................................................................................................3Purification Process.....................................................................................................................4PCR of the PTC gene...................................................................................................................4Restriction digest of PTC gene....................................................................................................4Electrophoresis of the PTC RFLP fragments..............................................................................4Results..............................................................................................................................................5Discussion......................................................................................................................................10References......................................................................................................................................11
3GENETICSIntroduction Human beings are able to distinguish between five types of taste – bitter, salty, sour,sweet and umami. The ability to recognize a taste is due to the presence of specialized taste cells.The cells communicate with sensory neurons in the brain (Blakeslee 1932). The capability of ahuman being to taste “bitterness” is due to the presence of specific genotype.Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) is used as a standard for bitterness taste. PTC has a bitter taste.According to Fox (1932) some human beings can taste the bitter taste of PTC while otherscannot. According to Kim et al., (2003) a small region in the chromosome 7q contains a chromosomewhich encodes for the bitter taste receptor TAS2R family. The authors have identified fivedifferent haplotypes worldwide. They have found that the presence of TAS2R38 gene causes aperson to distinguish the bitter taste of PTC. Research by Mueller et al., (2005) have shown that idea about the quality of food is through oursenses. According to the authors T2R receptors are responsible for both perception and detectionof bitter taste. Hence, the preference of food is based on the presence or absence of T2R receptor.Thus the presence of bitter taste of a food can be used to possible caution a mammalian againstthe nature of food. The aims of the study are: Study the relationship between PTC phenotype and genotypeLearn about restriction fragment length polymorphismUnderstand the impact of selective pressures such as health and nutrition on allelefrequencies.
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