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(PDF) The teacher's role and professional development
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Added on 2021-01-02
(PDF) The teacher's role and professional development
Added on 2021-01-02
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Literature Review
Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................1CONCLUSION...............................................................................................................................8REFRENCES...................................................................................................................................9
INTRODUCTIONTeacher is person help other people in acquiring knowledge, virtue and competence.Informally role of teacher can be performed by anyone who teach other how to perform their taskinstead of this formal teacher are found in school or colleges. Most of the people are choosingteaching as their profession because it is playing important role within developed countries(Muralidharan and Sheth, 2016). But within developing nation it is low paying job so peopledon't want to go in this profession. Moreover, ratio of female teachers are increasing day by dayin primary school whereas male teachers are very less for primary school within developing aswell as developed nations. This assignment is based on conducting research studies for findingwhy there are more female primary teachers in both developed and developing countries. Thisliterature review from different eighteen sources will focus on gender inequality within teachingas their career in both developing as well as developed nation. The source will also discuss thefactors influencing male teachers in selecting the teaching as an profession as well its impact onthe learners. LITERATURE REVIEWTopic:"why there are more female primary teachers in both developed and developingcountries".Source 1: According to the views of Jieun Lee, Dong-Eun Rhee & Robert Rudolf,(2018), it has been identified that there is relation within teacher gender, student gender andstudent achievement. Girl taught by female teacher enhance her maths and reading performance.Whereas, boys have no effect of teacher gender(Clements, Pawlowski and Manouselis, 2015).In similar to this, less strong effects are also found for subject appreciation. In addition tothis, traditional academic gender representation remain prevailing within both female andmale teachers. Findings from respective articles says that hiring of more female teachersin the region can decrease educational gender gaps without any negative symptoms onboys (Miletzki and Broten, 2017). Ratio of female teachers are increasing at all levels ofeducation and it is continuously rising at global level. Apart from this, female instructorsor teacher are working in primary school within the both developed as well as developing1
nation and their percentage is 84.5% and 59.3%. But in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) ratioof female teachers are less i.e., (44.9%). Source 2: As per the view point of Alia Wong (2019) it has been analysed thatAfrica is the continent in which education is male dominating profession. This imbalanceresult in gender inequality within teaching profession. In United States, the endurance ofK-12 teaching is widely female profession is sometimes deplore as a sign that certainworkforce gender conventions prevail (Campanelli and Parreiras, 2015). At present, 76% ofteacher within nation are female in comparison of 67% in early 1980. Apart from this, nationwhich have few female teachers also have notably high rates of child marriage. At worldwidelevel one in four girls get married before or on their 18th birthday. Percentage of respectiveactivity is high in developing countries as well as particularly in African countries where most ofthe teacher are male. Thus, from respective article it has been analysed that in Africa ration offemale teachers are less compare to man's which result in discrimination withingender(DornSchweiger, 2016).But in some other nation there is high number of female teacherscompare to men's which result in women empowerment as well as increasing literacy ration ofgirls. Source 3: According to the view point of GPE Secretariat, (2019) it has been analysedthat there are several benefits of female teacher within educational institutions. Like, when thereis female teachers only in school or colleges parents feel free to send their girls school. Theythink that their will be no chances of any risk and girls feel free while discussing issues withfemale faculties (Robertson, 2017). Along with this, they need someone to whom girls can talkand share issues they are facing. In simple term, female feel safe and secure while they are withanother female as well as they easily share their problems with each other and give solution of it.Along with this, more girls come to school when there is women teacher in school or colleges. InNigeria, US$100 million Global Partnership of Education grant this amount with the motive ofexpanding basic education for female students as well as to promote gender equality (Dembek,Singh and Bhakoo, 2016). But keeping female teachers within the schools result in improvinganother matters also such as increasing safety of girls, women's literacy ratio and they can shareissue facing by them as well come out of it. Source 4: As per the views of Minella Clutario Alarcon, (2019) it has been identified thatwomen teacher with their better teaching methods will help in encouraging girls to get engage2
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