Teamwork Theories and Analysis: Organisational Behaviour Study

This study covers the benefits of working in a team, group development theories, effective team related to OB model, and critical reflection on values and relevance of effective team. It also discusses the Tuckman and Belbin theory and OB models such as custodial and supportive model.

UNIT 12
ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Assessing the advantage of working in team...............................................................................3
Analysing the benefit of working in team as leader and member...............................................4
Group development theory for effectiveness of teamwork in goal achievement........................5
Examining the effective team related to the OB model...............................................................6
Analysis with the critical reflection on values and relevance of effective team..........................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Organisational behaviour defines the impact of social and other environmental factor which
affects the work approach of individual or a team. It is the study which gives the insight view on
how the staff behave and perform within organisation (Asthana, 2021). It helps in identifying the
certain aspects that encourage employees and enhance their performance and to build up a strong
relation between employee and organisation. Mark and Spencer British multinational retailer,
headquarter is present in London, England. They have diversified their services and products and
sells large amount of product across world-wide. Following report will cover the Teamwork
theories and analysing the benefit of working in the team, it will also cover the group
development theories and effective team relates to OB concept.
MAIN BODY
Assessing the advantage of working in team
Teamwork refer as the team ability to work together, effectively communicate and complete
or delivers the project in a productive manner. For the organisation it is important that their work
place culture remain supportive and healthy in order to drive revenues and increase the business
productivity. Team collaboration promote the flow of positive energy and also encourage the
knowledge sharing at work place. Other benefits of team work are as follows:
Greater synergy: Teams are developed with the diverse skills and knowledge, as when the
diversity comes collectively it creates a greater effort towards the work and produces the better
result (Moraru, Dub and Sroka, 2019). Team work enhances the cooperation among the team
members as they can easily learn from each other and solve their mistakes immediately. For
Mark and Spencer organisation they also have to implement the work place culture that promotes
the communication, problem solving elements, it will help the team members to converse on
topics and to solve the various problems.
Enhance innovation: At the work place if the team members are efficient and open minded they
easily shares the ideas and recommendations for the brainstorming. It offers the opportunities for
the innovation and often lead the firm in positive direction. Thus Mark and Spencer company
will also be benefited to introduce innovation in their services with the efficient team.
3

Engage employee: Teams depends on the leadership styles of the line managers or leaders,
having a goal oriented team, mutual respect and open communication helps in engaging the
employee withy the work place resources. As experience of the manager helps them in
increasing the productivity, they learn from their mistakes and make sure that their team member
will not make the same mistake, and guides them to approach with right working methods.
Overcome the barriers: When the team encounters the challenges they use their varied learning
approaches and produce various solution to overcome the barrier. Thus it is the efficiency of
team which makes every task easier and achievable (Mousa, Massoud and Ayoubi, 2020). Thus
with the shared knowledge, unique skills and experienced team will enable the Mark and
Spencer to improvise their business functionality and grab the good market share by improvising
customer experience.
Analysing the benefit of working in team as leader and member
Team work plays a significant role it makes the organisation to move forward towards their
goals and achievement. Leaders at the work place plays an important role in leading team, to set
their work and to motivate them towards goal achievement. Team member also a significant
asset in a team to share their knowledge and skills to suggest their solution for completing any
task. Efficient flow of communication at work place ensures the better work system productivity.
As per the working in team for the leader, they have the great responsibility to manage the team,
they try to put all the team members at one place so that they interact with each other and
together produce a good result (Kaur, Malhotra and Sharma, 2020). As for the leader to work in
team they mainly gets benefit by working in team, as they can easily enhance their leadership
skills, decision making skills which helps them in adding discipline in their work also to make
potential decision whenever it requires.
Working in a team as a member always offers many benefits with this team mates can
easily learn by others, by interacting with others they can develop confidence, problem solving
skill, communication skill which helps them in moving forward in their career. An leader in a
team always make sure that there should be positive flow of knowledge and communication
among the team members they educate the members to follow the discipline as to come on time,
complete work in given deadlines, leader resolve the conflict between the team members by
listening both parties to make solution. Thus for the leader they have the responsibility which

gives them opportunity to grow further in their career, as they will adapt the different skills and a
way to manage the team and make them productive. Working as a member also encourage the
individual to stay focus with their work and develop knowledge to grab higher position in their
career (Ahmad and et.al 2020). Therefore, Mark and Spencer company can also develop the
work culture where continue flow of information is found which provide growth opportunities
for both leaders and employees.
Group development theory for effectiveness of teamwork in goal achievement
Organisational group is developed then it undergoes to specific predictable stages. For the
Mark and Spencer company it is essential to foster the culture where the team communication
are found and team members have provided with enough motivation and assigned task in order
to carry out. Two group development theories are as follow:
Tuckman theory for group development:
Theory categorise under five factors which are as follows:
Forming: It is the initial stage where team begin to form, initially all the team member behaves
independently, there might be good intention present but no trust among members will found.
Therefore, at this stage Mark and Spencer company need to develop the team who have same
knowledge background, skills and interest, also important to make team by considering all
project goal timeline factor, so it will increase the effectiveness of teamwork.
Storming: At this stage initial excitement usually runs out and team started disagree on
Particular solution to complete the project. Thus in such Mark and Spencer organisation require
to appoint the leader for team as to lead the team and resolve their conflicts to accomplish the
project goals.
Norming: Team started growing and their difference usually settles down and show their
willingness to complete the work with good harmony. However, in this stage there should be
little overlap of storming stage can found, but team already gone through that part, from which
they can easily cope up with any challenge.
Performing: It is the stage where all the team members are motivated and knows strength and
weakness of each other (Mahboub and et.al 2021). Thus Mark and Spencer company also need to
ensure to provide potential support to the employee so that it will help them in improvising their
business functionalities.
5

Adjourning: Last stage of Tuckman suggest that the project ends and all team member return
back to their other project, but the sense of responsibility, knowledge and relation they share
with the team members remain same. Thus in such it will help the Mark and Spencer to form the
team again for the different project, so that team member will show their greater efficiency again
to accomplish project goals.
Belbin theory:
Resource investigator: Every team has the member who always bring the unique idea first, they
are the first who generate the idea and share with team to discuss on whether to proceed idea or
not. Thus In such Mark and Spencer need to appoint a better leader for team for great idea
generation who also encourage team mates to show their creativity in work (Zhu and Wang,
2018).
Team worker: It mainly a leader who brings the team together and solve their issues and provide
solution for any problem. Thus M&P also need to make sure to provide the responsibility to the
one who have better leadership quality to lead the team in efficient manner.
Coordinator: It suggest that the coordinator in the team are more dedicated towards their work
and always tries to achieve the goal. Thus Mark and Spencer company can also proceed to
develop a team by knowing the skills of the members so that they communicate and complete
the work.
Plant: A team member who are more likely to solve the complex problem in best manner. Mark
and Spencer need to hire the employee who have critical problem solving skill to solve the
problem at every aspect.
Monitor evaluator: This role is played by mainly a leader who manage the work performance
and make judgement or recommendation so that improvement can be made if it requires (Briggs
and et.al 2019).
Thus Mark and Spencer can adapt the theory and assigned the task according to the
knowledge and skills of employee which help in producing the better project outcomes to reach
their potential goals and objectives.
Examining the effective team related to the OB model
OB model is the basic structure which represent the relationship of the different elements
of the organisation at various level.

Custodial model: This model is mainly developing around the information as to provide the
economic benefit to the employee to keep them motivated towards team. It is found that
employee at the work place always aim to feel valued and their efforts should be counted and
they should be compensated for their better work. It develops the employee loyalty and
encouragement. Thus Mark and Spencer also should come forward to provide the health benefits
and other benefits so that it will keep the work place environment productive and positive. It also
impacts the team performance also by implementing this model Mark and Spencer company will
have the skilled workforce which helps in developing competitive edge in their business.
Supportive model: This model follow the concept of the leadership, it doesn’t mean to follow
the autocratic leadership but to motivate the people towards the goals and objectives. This OB
model suggests that if the employees are motivated and goal oriented will help them in
implementing the work culture where easy share of knowledge and communication are found.
Thus it helps the team members to complete the work together and to give the best outcome to
the organisation (Siregar, Pane and Ruman, 2018). Therefore, by following this Model Mark
and Spencer will be able to appoint the best management who can lead the team towards their
goals.
Analysis with the critical reflection on values and relevance of effective team
As per me I believe that team work always brings positivity in work and also helps in
producing the desired result which the team aimed for. Team working helps the people to
develop their knowledge and grow in their career. It is found that if the organisation do not have
the potential employees and also lacks in providing the better cultivated work culture, thus their
productivity suffers the most. I always look forward as how teams works together to give
meaning to the project and to produce the desired result, but I learn that team members always
converse with each other and they learn from their mistakes (Crunk, 2018). Better team work
influence the behaviour at work place as if the team is positive and target oriented then they
remain calm and continue flow of knowledge will be there. It is often seen that at the time of
work load most of the team members feel panic and nervous but with their colleagues support
will make them motivated towards their work. Thus in my opinion team members always works
together to produce unique and productive outcomes.
7

CONCLUSION
From the above report it is concluded that effective team and workforce enables the
businesses to accomplished the goals and objectives in efficient manner. Better work place
implements the culture which makes the organisation to be goal oriented and all employees
moves forward in achieving the task. Above report illustrated the points which covers the
benefits of working in team as leader or member, it also describes the analysis of the group
development theories which are Tuckman and Belbin theory. Later it covers the OB model
which discuss the custodial and supportive model and finally concluded with critical reflection
on values and relevance of effective team.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Ahmad, R. and et.al 2020. The nexus of corporate social responsibility (CSR), affective
commitment and organisational citizenship behaviour in academia: A model of
trust. Employee Relations: The International Journal.
Asthana, A.N., 2021. Organisational Citizenship Behaviour of MBA students: The role of
mindfulness and resilience. The International Journal of Management Education. 19(3).
p.100548.
Briggs, E. and et.al 2019. Group Performance Trajectories of Athletic Training and Physical
Therapy Students Engaged in Case-Based Learning Activities. Health, Interprofessional
Practice and Education. 3(4).
Crunk, J., 2018. Examining Tuckman's Team Theory in Non-collocated Software Development
Teams Utilizing Collocated Software Development Methodologies (Doctoral dissertation,
Capella University).
Kaur, P., Malhotra, K. and Sharma, S.K., 2020. Employer branding and organisational citizenship
behaviour: The mediating role of job satisfaction. Asia-Pacific Journal of Management
Research and Innovation. 16(2). pp.122-131.
Mahboub, L. and et.al 2021. Teaching and practicing group-work for social justice: A critical
reflection on power and process. Social Work & Policy Studies: Social Justice, Practice
and Theory. 4(2).
Moraru, R.I., Dub, T. and Sroka, M., 2019. Group Development Process in Management of Work
Teams. Quality-Access to Success. 20.
Mousa, M., Massoud, H.K. and Ayoubi, R.M., 2020. Gender, diversity management perceptions,
workplace happiness and organisational citizenship behaviour. Employee Relations: The
International Journal.
Siregar, C., Pane, M.M. and Ruman, Y.S., 2018, May. The virtual team performance in solving
teamwork conflict problems. In Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on
Distance Education and Learning (pp. 1-5).
Zhu, M. and Wang, H., 2018. A literature review of social loafing and teams with group
development. Available at SSRN 3176383.
9