How Technology Can Improve the Effectiveness of Original Medicines

This project proposal and annotated bibliography explores the impact of technology on the effectiveness of original medicines. The literature search strategy, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and annotations of three articles are provided. The articles cover the use of AI, solid dispersion, and organoid technology in drug development and cancer precision medicine. Recommendations for pharmaceutical companies are also included.

ASSESSMENT 1 PROJECT
PROPOSAL & RELATED
ANNOTATED
BIBLIOGRAPHY 30

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
Literature search strategy ................................................................................................................3
Search key words ........................................................................................................................3
Inclusion and exclusion criteria...................................................................................................3
Annotations of three articles........................................................................................................4
Recommendations........................................................................................................................5
Discussion .......................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
Within the increasing pace of technology, digital transformation has created various
methods in regards to increasing the effectiveness of the original medicines that is being used to
assure effective care to patients. Digital technologies have supported public-health response to
COVID-19 Worldwide. Evidence can be taken from the case study of COVID-19 in which
digital transformation has provided support in terms of knowing whether which vaccine or
medicine works in effective manner for the people (Digital technologies in the public-health
response to COVID-19, 2022). The current project proposal is based on the concept “How
technology can improve the effectiveness of original medicines”. The literature search strategy
that will be used for the selection of articles will be shown. Furthermore, annotated bibliography
of the selected articles will be done. Lastly, discussion will be made and recommendation will be
provided.
Literature search strategy
Search key words
Key words has been determined as the major terms that is being used in context of finding
out the studies and articles that are related to the topic (Eriksen & Frandsen, (2018). The key
words which is being used in the current project proposal are: “Digital technology”, “Original
medicines”, “Effectiveness”, “Medicines effectiveness” and “Technology supports medicines
efficiency”.
Inclusion and exclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria Exclusion criteria
Those articles that are published after 2017. Articles published before 2017.
Articles that shows appropriate research
methodology
Studies that does not contain appropriate
information in context of research
methodology.
Papers in which appropriate referencing is
given.
Papers in which appropriate referencing has
not been done.

Annotations of three articles
The three bibliographic annotation given below, which are the best example of how
technology can improve the effectiveness of original medicine.
Article 1- Artificial intelligence in drug development: present status and future prospects
Artificial intelligence plays significant role in the context of drug development, that
benefits the whole world, currently and in the future Mak & Pichika, (2019). Pharma sector is
facing number of challenges, while conducting the process of drug development. AI technology
can help the overall industry to overcome the high attrition level in that procedure. It helps to
produce the appropriate solution that contribute to address not only particular but also difficult
issues such as revolutionize drug development procedure. The main issue that pharmaceutical
sector facing is to sustain their drug development system, due to increase research and
development cost. AI can help in that case, in term of enabling management to conduct research
in cost effective manner, that saves time and drive the attention of administration toward drug
development that cure a specific or multiple diseases.
Article 2- Overview of the Manufacturing Methods of Solid Dispersion Technology for
Improving the Solubility of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs and Application to Anticancer
Drugs
Solid dispersion falls under the category of solubilization technology that usually
emphasize on drug polymer two element programmes, in which drug dispersion and their
stabilization as well as usage is significant for formulation development Tran, P & et.al., (2019).
The main reason behind using this technology is poor water-soluble compounds, which also
become the main concern of majority chemical organizations, including anticancer drugs. Solid
dispersion is the best approach or technology that utilize to solve the current issue in the medical
world. It usually utilized in formulation development, that plays important role to overcome the
challenge that companies are facing. It contributes to improve solubility of poorly soluble
anticancer drugs, in appropriate manner.
Article 3-Organoid technology in cancer precision medicine
Organoid technology in the recent time covers the gap between in vivo models and two-
dimensional cell line culture. It has unpredictable improve from the last few years or months Xia
& et.al., (2019). It can be said that patient derived organoids, are utilized for purpose of
elucidating essential scientific quires, along with connection between epigenetic or genetic

alternations as well as drug responses, during the disease progressions and development of drug
resistances. In scientific manner, organoids technology might be generated from service user
derived cancer cells with an extreme successfully level. It is fact that the high throughput drug
screening in user derived organoids can help in term of personalizing medical actions in clinical.
The current technology also used from tumour tissue samples as upper panel, which create a
culture of genetically features and used for drug screening.
Recommendations
 It can be recommended to all pharmaceutical companies that they can add more value in
term of using digital or any kind of technology, that in turn lead to increase the
effectiveness of original medicines. As they can form a team of expert or knowledgable
candidates, who are able to utilize technology that can increase the effectiveness or
efficiency of medicine that cure many diseases, like cancer, etc.
 Another suggestion that they can take into their consideration is training, which also help
to develop knowledge and skills among people who can use the technology and work
well in the medical field.
Discussion
On the basis of the bibliographic annotations major questions can be easily answered in
relation of the ways in which technology is improving the effectiveness of original medicines.
On the basis of the selected article it can be said that artificial intelligence has been proven
highly effective in the drug development. Advances under the AI are supporting the pharma
industries in terms of facing the challenges and overcoming the high attrition rates at the time of
drug development. AI is using the personified knowledge and improving the efficiency of the
drug development process (Mak & Pichika, (2019).
The another study has revealed that, Solid dispersion technology has been using worldwide
in the development of drugs. Solid dispersion technology supports in improving the solubility of
the poor soluble anticancer drugs which can be used for the cancer patients (Tran & et.al. (2019).
The organoid technology has contributed in improving the condition of cancer patient. The
organoid technology has supported the healthcare over the last decade in relation of developing
the medicines for the cancer patient (Budd & et.al. (2020). Within using the organoid
technology, pharma industries have faced the challenges that are hindering the development of
medicines for the cancer patients.

The consistent use of technology in appropriate manner helps in knowing about the actual
demand of the people in regards to the medicines required by them. With the help of the
technology, actual quantity of the medicines that are required for the people is being developed
and delivered (Wang & et.al. (2021). Thus, it can be said that technology has increased the
efficiency of original medicines.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Budd & et.al. (2020). Digital technologies in the public-health response to COVID-19. Nature
medicine. 26(8). 1183-1192.
Eriksen, M. B., & Frandsen, T. F. (2018). The impact of patient, intervention, comparison,
outcome (PICO) as a search strategy tool on literature search quality: a systematic
review. Journal of the Medical Library Association: JMLA. 106(4). 420.
Mak, K. K. & Pichika, M. R., (2019). Artificial intelligence in drug development: present status
and future prospects. Drug discovery today. 24(3). pp.773-780.
Tran, P & et.al., (2019). Overview of the manufacturing methods of solid dispersion technology
for improving the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs and application to anticancer
drugs. Pharmaceutics. 11(3). 132.
Wang & et.al. (2021). Integrating digital technologies and public health to fight Covid-19
pandemic: key technologies, applications, challenges and outlook of digital
healthcare. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 18(11).
6053.
Xia, X & et.al., (2019). Organoid technology in cancer precision medicine. Cancer letters. 457.
20–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2019.04.039
Online
Digital technologies in the public-health response to COVID-19, 2022 [Online] (Accessed
through) < https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-1011-4>.

2