Essay on Teenage Pregnancy
Added on 2019-12-03
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TEENAGE PREGNANCY1
Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................................3BACKGROUND OF THE TOPIC......................................................................................................3MAIN BODY.......................................................................................................................................4CONCLUSION ...................................................................................................................................9REFERENCES...................................................................................................................................112
INTRODUCTION Teenage Pregnancy is a matter of great concern for both developed as well as developingnations of the country. The unintended pregnancy among adolescent girls of age group 12-19 yearsaffect individuals as well as communities. The following essay has related to teenage pregnancywhich covered the different aspects of topic. The areas that will be meet out in the essay aredifferent factors which contribute to adolescent pregnancy, promote global awareness regardingteenage pregnancy, role of health professionals and their accountability in overcoming healthconcerns related to early child bearing and legal policies and ethical consideration related toteenage pregnancy. The study will also highlight the present health provisions and theireffectiveness in dealing adolescent pregnancy. BACKGROUND OF THE TOPICTeenage Pregnancy is referrers to adolescent females of age group under the age of 20,becoming pregnant. The following terms can be defines as all pregnancies which is occurring in agirl who is between the age of 13 to 19 and has not completed the core education and financiallydepends on her parents as well as mentally immature. It is a situation which involves femaleteenage where she can be pregnant in the age of 15 year. This term has usually used for those girlswho are not reaching at the stage of adult. As per the statistics of UNICEF, the current situation isthe half of the population in the world are under the age of 25 in which 1.8 billion are comingbetween the age of 10-25. Along with this, it has been identified from then study of statistics ismost of the teenagers are sexually active before the age of 20 year (Young People and FamilyPlanning: Teenage Pregnancy. 2008). On the other hand, according to WHO (World Health Organization), approximate 16 millionfemale of age group 15-19 years old are giving the birth to the children every year. These teenagershave given about 11% contribution in all birth across the world. From the statistics, it has beenexplored that 95% child birth from teenage pregnancy situation has occurred in those nations wherepeople are belonging to low and medium income groups. The average teenage birth rate in middleincome nations is twice as compare to high income countries (Adolescent pregnancy. 2015). As per the data from Office for National Statistics, 2012 shows that the adolescents arefacing the teenage pregnancy situation and the birth rate is 19.7% per 1000 women aged 15-19which has much higher as compare to other European Union nations. In England and Wales, theteenage pregnancy rate in 2013 is about 23.3% per 1000 women under aged 15-17. Therefore, itcan be said from the study and analysis of statistics of UK has one of the largest teenage pregnancyrate in Western Europe (Chorley, 2014). 3
MAIN BODYSocio-economic, cultural and behavioural determinants that contribute to adolescent pregnancyTeenage pregnancy is an unintended pregnancy which are generally occurring in teenage.The percentage of adolescent pregnancy cases have increased in many countries due to the differentreasons. There are some factors which promoting adolescent pregnancy in teenagers which are asfollows. Socio-economic: According to Chen, Wen and et.al., 2007, there are various social economicbehaviour which are responsible for causing of teenage pregnancy (Chen, Wen and et.al., 2007).The childhood behaviours, lower educational and lower income levels are the key objects of socio-economic factors. In this context, Darroch, Singh and Frost, 2001 has stated that it has found thatmany teenager's are having childish behaviour after entering into the teenage (Darroch, Singh andFrost, 2001). In this age group, there are considering the sexual interaction as a playing object andshowing the neglecting behaviours towards it. They are not aware towards the negativeconsequences of the earlier child carrying thoughts and for several reasons they are ready for theintercourse activities in teenage.But, Ellis, Bates and et.al., 2003 has explored from this research that lower educationallevel has the major responsible factors of teenage pregnancy in teenager's because many of thefemales are having lack of knowledge about outcomes of early sex (Ellis, Bates and et.al., 2003).The less education level in the teenagers has reduced the understanding the different things andthey are not able to distinguished the difference between the good and bad decision. Such type ofadolescents are easily influenced by their partner and take a wrong decision. On the other hand, Jewkes and et.al., 2001 has suggested that because of facing the poorfinancial conditions at home, females who are under the age of 19 are ready to sexual interactionwith the opposite sex for earning few money (Jewkes and et.al., 2001). From the research, it hasbeen found that most of the teenagers parents wants to increase their household income and forthis, they are encouraging their children for developing the sexual activities with the outsiders. Thefamily members influenced them by giving various types of grands such as increase their pocketmoney. Such things have encouraged the teenage pregnancies in adolescence females in early age.Therefore, from the above stated statements of the different authors, it has been concluded that lackof education, poor financial status and childhood behaviour are the major reasons of causing ofteenage pregnancy. Cultural: In the present time, the cultural values of people have changed with time and they arebecoming more modernized. As per the research of Smith and Pell, 2001, it has been identified thatthe movie and media industry has given the large contribution in promoting the adolescence4
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