Case Study on Tegan Smith PDF
Added on 2021-06-17
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Running head: TEGAN SMITH CASE STUDY1Tegan Smith Case StudyStudent’s NameUniversity
TEGAN SMITH CASE STUDY2Tegan Smith Case StudyQuestion one: The type of asthma that Tegan Smith is sufferingFrom the signs and symptoms that Tegan has exhibited, she is suffering from allergic asthma identified through sensitive reaction to certain pathogens that make the immune system of the individual to react through tightening of the airway muscles and flooding them with mucusto prevent the pathogens from entering the lungs. This type of asthma is characterized by symptoms like fatigue, wheezing, stuffy nose and coughing (Tan, et al., 2015). Further, if the level of allergic reaction is too much, the individual can show signs like watery eyes or postnatal drainage. Scholars have attributed these allergic condition to genetic makeup of the individual which can be inherited from parents. This means that the condition can follow the family line through allergic reactions that some parents in the family head. For example, Tegan’s mother hadan allergic history characterized by sinusitis, allergy and nasal polyps. Reactions that Tegan showed are related to environmental pathogens like pollen, dust mites, pet dander, tobacco smoke, strong odour from perfumes, polluted air and strong chemicals which trigger the signs and symptoms of the condition (Bostantzoglou, et al., 2015). The severity of the reaction depends on the nature and amount of pathogens inhaled into the system. Tegan’s body system was reacting to environmental changes that she was experiencing since she developed the attack at home. Therefore, allergic asthma patients should be sensitive to the environment that they operate in and develop strategies to ensure that they protect themselves from such allergy causing pathogens that can trigger the reaction and lead to attacks.Question two: The pathophysiological changes in asthmaAsthma as a disease has undergone pathophysiological changes for the last twenty-five years characterized by the patterns of the disease that are both acute and intermittent. The nature
TEGAN SMITH CASE STUDY3of the condition is inflammatory which means it can be controlled and managed through a patient-centered approach that focusses on reducing exposure to allergic reaction triggering pathogens (Sbihi, Tamburic, Koehoorn, & Brauer, 2016). The major problem is asthma is exhibited immunological which means young children in early years of the infection show excessive inflammation of the airways. Asthma is currently related to different conditions that can trigger the presence of such allergies thus creating pathogenesis of the disease. Patients with sleep apnea and asthma have been seen to improve when the apnea is diagnosed and treated (Sbihi, Tamburic, Koehoorn, & Brauer, 2016). On the other hand, patients with gastro-oesophagalreflux disease who have repetitive episodes of acid aspiration makes it difficult to control asthma thus calling for the need to understand its relationship with asthma. Further, Robinson & Klein (2012) argues that asthma is also related to exposure to air pollution during pregnancy since some women have immunological shift caused by hormonal fluctuations which play a major role in asthma pathophysiology.Further the pathophysiology of the disease can be grouped in three ways of the individual, impact and level of inflammation. Since the disease has roots in the genetic make up of the individual, then the genetic history of the family is important in undestanding the likelihood of the disease (Von-Mutius & Drazen, 2012). Clinicians group the phenotypes of the disease using clinical characteristics that place patients in clusters using the degree of similarity. From this characteristics, the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) identified types of asthma as; allergic asthma, asthma with fixed airflow limitation, asthma with obesity, non-allergic asthma and late-onset asthma (Jiang, et al., 2016). Question three: Different treatment options for asthma
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