Review and Critique of Operations Management at Tesco

This report provides a review and critique of the implementation of operations management principles within Tesco, including an introduction to the organization, explanation of operation vs operations management, analysis of the extent to which the operations management of the organization meets the requirements, discussion of continuous improvement as a philosophy and description of Lean principles, and a continuous improvement plan with recommendations for improvement. The report is relevant to the subject of Operations and Project Management, course code 187, and is applicable to any college or university.

ID
Unit Number and Title Unit 187 –
Operations and
Project Management
Title Review and Critique
of Operations
Management (Part
1)
Table of Content
1

Part 1: Business Report
1. An introduction to chosen organization p
2. An explanation of operation vs operations management p
3. A review and critique of the implementation of operations management
principles within the chosen organization p
4. An analysis of the extent to which the operations management of the
organisation in the case study meets the requirements of the organization
p
5. Discussion of continuous improvement as a philosophy and describe the
Lean principles p
6. A continuous improvement plan, including your justified recommendations
for improvement, based on your review and critique of operations
management principles within your organization
p
7. Conclusion p
References p
2

INTRODUCTION
Operation and project management is the way of approaching the business
strategy which help in finding the business issues in a very systematic manners. The
main aim of project management is to help the organisation in achieving the specific
goals by different process like planning, motivating, organising and controlling
resources. The operation and project management help in analysing the design of
the business model, provides the logistic related to projects and provides the supply
chain for management issues. The procedure of operation and project management
includes all the function and mutual task which help in initiation of the project till the
final delivery. The report has taken Tesco company for understanding the operation
and project management. The Tesco is the multinational retailer company and
performs the business through the online and multi- format sores. The company was
established by Jack Cohen in 1919 (Mortimer, 2019). The given report has includes
the principles of operation management, lean principles, project methodologies,
different tools which help in various projects of the company.
1. An introduction to chosen organization
The chosen organisation is Tesco PLC, is retail supermarket which is
established in the year 1919. The headquarter of this company is in United Kingdom.
The company has groceries and supermarkets which includes the products and
services like home accessories, groceries, credit card, electronics and many more.
The Tesco PLC is the third largest retailer supermarket in the world. The company
has come at 9th position in the largest supermarket in the world in terms of gross
revenue. The founder of the Tesco company is Jack Cohen and current CEO is Ken
Murphy. The Tesco company has different subsidiaries which are Tesco bank, Tesco
mobile and many more (Salomone, 2019). The company has expanded their shops
over 100 Tesco shops across the country since 1939 while Tesco has expanded
their market globally since 1990s. The company has expanded their service in 11
other countries. The given discussion regarding the operation and project
management has done in context of Tesco company.
2. An explanation of operation vs operations management
Operations
Operations is the group of process which include the practical implementation,
corrective action for enhancing the performance of any organisation. The operation
is the working process of any organisation in a systematic manner with the help of
different methods and methodologies. The operation is very helpful in the project
management because it increase the chance of achievement with the desired
results. It decrease the business issues by planning and organising the strategic
plan.
Operation management
The operation management is the set of business practices which enhance
the level of efficiency of the organisation. The area of operation management help
the organisation or company by converting the labour and materials into the goods
and services for maximizing the profit of any organisation. The operation
management help the business in formulating the goods and services in very
efficient and effective way (Cantele and Zardini, 2018). The operation management
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seeks the whole administration of the company and includes the logistic
management, inventory control and many other which help in whole production
process.
Examples of operation and operation management with respect to the Tesco
The Tesco has applied the operation and operation management in improving
the quality of product. The operation and operation management includes the time
and quality management in the delivery of products and services. The Tesco also
includes the different services which includes the credit card and financial services
which help in the better operation of service portfolio (Gatti, Ulrich and Seele, 2019).
3. A review and critique of the implementation of operations management
principles within the chosen organization
peration mana ement proceO g ss
The Tesco company has used different operation management process and
consist of different stages. The different stages includes the feasibility study,
management of the resources for execution, supervising process. The different
stages help in better implementation process as well as access the improvements
which enhance the profits of the company and business (Chkanikova and Sroufe,
2021).
Strengths:
The operation management have different strengths because it consist of the
Taylor's theory, flexible specialisation, agile manufacturing, mass customisation etc.
The Tesco do its work and performs its all operation in strategic way with the help of
various specialisation and agile manufacturing (Evans and Mason, 2018).
Limitations
The limitation of the operation management process includes the multi-level
dependencies which requires coordination of different components of the
organization. The lack of better organizing capabilities of company reduce the
efficiency of the business. Another limitation of the operation management process is
the dependency of the management is applicable only for production or service
sector (Ağlan and Durmusoglu, 2019). The operation management process is not
applicable to the business or company where there is no production department.
4. An analysis of the extent to which the operations management of the
organization in the case study meets the requirements of the organization
Goals of the organisation or firms:
The Tesco company is multinational company and main objective of this
company is to increase the sales of their products and services by providing the
better services to the customers. The Tesco company focus on different
methodology which avoid the extra investment of the company. The company
increase the productivity of the product for the better growth of their organisation.
The Tesco company also enhance the quality of their products and services by
utilising the quality management process. The aims of the Tesco company is to
make their company as number 1 leading supermarket company by providing the
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excellent quality services in clothes and food products. The company has to focus on
increasing the selling of the products at maximum level.
The explanation of the performance of the business management in meeting
the requirement by taking examples
The different principles of operation management help the Tesco company in
meeting the requirements of the company. The Tesco has highly potential workforce
which manage the operation flow of the company from starting to the end. The
workforce potential help the company in keeping the recording of the overall system
and also keep eye on proper management which enhance the material supplied.
5. Discussion of continuous improvement as a philosophy and describe the
Lean principles
Lean principles
The lean principles consist of process which help in reducing the wastage of
the resources in any organisation during the production of the products and services.
The Tesco follow the following principles:
 Defining of the value: This is the way of understanding the customer value
by using different techniques such as surveys, demographics, interviews and
web analytics. Tesco understanding the customers by providing them best
quality service and products. The Tesco provides the products according to
the demand and needs of the customers (Kämppi and Rathod, 2020).
 Mapping of the value stream: This step focus on the customer's value and
identify the different process and activities which support the customer's
value. This step of the lean principles is very beneficial because it creates and
develop the different factor which increase the value of the company and their
products in markets. With the help of this step Tesco company eliminate the
different process which is not useful for the company. This factor also
increase the performance of the company by understanding the factor which
is helpful for the company (Skalli, Charkaoui and Cherrafi, 2022).
 Make flow: Tesco use their resources and labour in order to gain the
optimum objectives and goals which is helpful for the business. The Tesco
focus on best quality of services which is provided by the company to their
customer in terms of services. Tesco has arranged the proper training and
development ski8ll program for their employees for increasing their
performance.
 Establishment of the pull: This step of lean principles help in limitation of
the inventory and provides the requisite material for the smoothly working.
The Tesco company follow this principles in production department for
increasing the effective management. The Tesco focus on their inventory and
ensure the quality of services should be of good quality.
Methods which is used in the lean production:
Kaizen is the word from the Japanese origin is one of the best method of the
lean production. The Kaizen is define as the improvement in the productivity by
5

using the different methodology and gradual process. The another method of the
lean production includes the Justin time which describe the time saving process in
the production process. Kanban is also used as lean production method which
improve the operations by eliminating the inventory shortage. For managing the
operation, the lean production utilise the Andon methods which alerts in the time of
any problems.
The method chosen by the given organisation:
The Tesco company highly used the Kanban and Justin methods for
management of their operations. The both methods are providing the positive result
to the Tesco and enhance the performance in the area of coincidental engineering
and stock control of the company. The Kanban method increase the productivity of
the company by increasing the sell of the products.
Effectiveness of six sigma
Six sigma is the tools which is used by the business in controlling the quality
of the products as well as reviewing the defects and mistakes and improves them for
profit increment. The six sigma process help business and company by providing the
cycle- time improvements. The six sigma includes the quality circle which help the
team by performing the similar task. The another tools which is used by six sigma is
bench marking which focus on the improvements of the company which is based on
the comparison in the positive way (Singh and et.al., 2019). TQM is the effective tool
of the six sigma which focus on the quality management of the products and
services. SCM which stand for supply chain management is also effective
methodology in six sigma which is helpful in the identification of the defects in the
process. The ERP which stand for enterprise resource planning is the effectiveness
of the six sigma and help in workflow management tools.
Principles of six sigma
 Customer focus: The focus on customer is very necessary for the Tesco
company because it increase the selling of the products and services by
understanding and acquiring the customer's demand.
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 Identification of the cause root: This principles of the six sigma help the
company in identifying the actual cause of the problems for finding the
possible and effective solutions (Sankaran and et.al., 2021).
 Teamwork: The team work is very necessary for the growth and development
of any organisation. The teamwork help the company in achieving the targets
easily.
 Variation reduction: The Tesco has to reduce the variations for reducing the
challenges in the market.
6. A continuous improvement plan, including your justified recommendations
for improvement, based on your review and critique of operations
management principles within your organization
Continuous improvement plan
The different methods like Kaizen, total quality management and supply chain
management are very significant in the continuos improvements for the operation
management. The first stage of continuous improvement plan which describe the
opportunities and feasibility which is helpful in the change in the organisation. The
second stage is based on the implementation process of project which is of small
scale. The third stage work on the information for finding the outcomes and also
analyse the difference in the change management. The action is considered as the
fourth stage of the improvement plan. According to this stage the implementation is
done on wider scale after the success of the small scale plan (Berardino, 2020).
Potency of the continuous improvement plan
Explanation of the applied theory
7

The theories which is applied by the Tesco for their continuous improvements
consist of systematic process. The first process is the commitment which enhance
the awareness and increase the shared goals. This process creates team work in
effective manner by creating the awareness about the process or activity. The
second strategy includes the mission and vision. This strategy develop the tactics
and increase the resource which enhance the goals and objectives of the company
or business. The mapping process and analysis process is the third process and
focus on examine the overall process of the operations. The performance is the
fourth strategy which include the management. According to this strategy the
measurement is based on the operation's performance and target of the
management system. All the process of the continuous improvements focus on
quality of the products and services.
Continuous improvement plan with related to the Tesco
The continuous improvement plan provides various benefits and advantages
to the Tesco company by enhancing the quality of the product and services. The
good quality of products and services creates good relationship between the
company and customers as well as between stakeholders. The different continuous
improvement plan increase the efficiency and productivity of the company as well as
also help in reduction of the wastage. The improvement plan used by Tesco
company also enhance the satisfaction of the employees and customer.
Recommendations
The Tesco should also used different new operation management beside of
Just in time and Kanban management. It is recommended that Tesco should
enhance the process of quality and supply chain management along with the quality
circle and value engineering. The proper implementation of all tools help the
company ion the inventory management and logistic management. The Tesco
should also focus on the data management and production management for
improving their business in the wider area.
7. Conclusion
As per above discussion the operation management is very important in the
business study. The operation and project management develop the business and
increase the profits of the business. The above discussion has chosen Tesco for
describing the various concept of the Operation management. The operation
management focus on the administration and practice management. The above
discussion has also includes the strength and limitation of the operation
management. As per discussion the Tesco has used the reduction methodology for
increasing the number of customer by providing the products and services at the
feasible rates. The report has described that lean principles, methods of lean
principles and their effect in the chosen company Tesco. The six sigma includes the
SCM, TQM, ERP tools for increasing the effectiveness of the company. The focus on
customer, teamwork, flexible approach, reducing variations are the principles which
has followed by the Tesco company for improving the operation management
principles.
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References
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FOR LEAN IN-PLANT LOGISTICS TO ASSEMBLY LINE USING AD
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Berardino, L., 2020. Teaching Safety Management Principles. Business Education
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Cantele, S. and Zardini, A., 2018. Is sustainability a competitive advantage for small
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sustainability–financial performance relationship. Journal of cleaner
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Chkanikova, O. and Sroufe, R., 2021. Third-party sustainability certifications in food
retailing: Certification design from a sustainable supply chain management
perspective. Journal of Cleaner Production, 282, p.124344.
Evans, B. and Mason, R., 2018. The lean supply chain: managing the challenge at
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Gatti, L., Ulrich, M. and Seele, P., 2019. Education for sustainable development
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Kämppi, P. and Rathod, P., 2020, October. Applying LEAN Principles to Improve
Introductory Cybersecurity Online Course: Findings From the Pilot Study.
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Salomone, T.A., 2019. What every engineer should know about: concurrent
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Table of Content
Part 2: Project Portfolio
Project Title p
An overview of the case study you have been given p
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An explanation of each stage of the PLC that applies to your selected project,
including supporting documentation for each stage (e.g., business case, the
project plan, cost-benefit analysis and work breakdown structure):
 Project initiation p
 Project planning p
 Project execution p
 Project closure p
Analysis of the project methodologies and tools used p
Review and critically evaluate the effectiveness of the PLC in application to
your project using the appropriate theories models and concepts
p
Project Title
The project focus on the healthy diet for the staff which is cooked in the
house. The main objective of this project is to decrease the rush of the staff member
in the lunch break in the premises. The rush of staff increase the issues of
congestion in the local area. The project also focus on healthy lifestyles of the staff
because, the good health of staff increase the interest of staff in their work and
creates healthy work life.
An overview of the case study you have been given
The given case study has focused on healthy life of the staff by encouraging
them about the healthy lifestyles. The another agenda of this project is to reduce the
staff movement in the premises during the lunch break. The organization has 1250
employees on the site which all play different roles. In this case study I am the
member of the project and plan team and the duty of project and plan office member
is to develop the plan for changing the delivering program in the organization. The
case is based on the development and operational program which enhance the
project by the members of the project and plan office by providing the food cook in
house to their staff and focusing on the staff's health by providing them health tips
and suggestion through the poster and banner in the premises.
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An explanation of each stage of the PLC that applies to your selected project,
including supporting documentation for each stage (e.g., business case, the
project plan, cost-benefit analysis and work breakdown structure):
 Project initiation
The first process of the project management life cycle is the project initiation.
The project initiation is based on different plans which includes the key participants,
business needs, scope and objectives of the projects, stakeholders and many more.
The project initiations also includes the different measurements, budgets and
success of the projects (Aijaz and et.al., 2022). The main objective of the given
scenario is to develop the availability of catering service in the premises which
decrease the rush of the people in the lunch time. The scope of this project is to
provide the better environment for the staff so that there is never lack of talent. The
budgets of this project is not so high, it has estimated around the 15 million in first
month because of the expenses in the transport, license, human resources and
catering service. The time limitation of the completion of this project has to be
estimated five to 7 months according to the staff of the organization.
 Project planning
It is the second stage in the project arrangement life cycle. The project
planning is based on the scope planning, resources planning and budgets planning,
procurement planning and the risk management. The project planning also includes
the quality planning and the communication planning. For this given scenario there
should be proper training of the staff which enhance the role of the staff in catering
services. There should be proper arrangement of the resource which increase the
chance of completion of the project within the time limits. The quality planning focus
on the quality service of the staff as well as quality of the products which will be
available by the project. The suppliers of the raw materials play very significant role
in the quality planning. For the development of the communication planning, the
member should develop the different strategy which includes the brainstorming ideas
which increase the good communication between stakeholders of the projects
(Yazdi, Maghrebi and Bazaz, 2018). The procurement planning set different goals
which increase the contract outside the organization. The risk management plan
includes the different possible risk which can be associated to the project and the
strategies which can reduce these risk. The strategies includes the different steps
which includes the identification of the risk, evaluation, creating responses,
monitoring of the risk.
 Project execution
The project execution is the steps which is based on the materializing and
action plan. This steps describes the performance data and project deliverable. The
main aim of this process is to make delivery on time within proper budgets and
focusing on the demands of the customers (Pishdad-Bozorgi and et.al., 2018). For
this given scenario, this stage develop the documentation process which is based on
the performance data. The performance data maintain the performance activity of
the team and their work. The issue log has developed by the project member. The
issue log provides the register which records all the data which negatively affect the
project. The issue log provides the way which is helpful in the time of problems. The
project execution also includes the updates of the documentation which is developed
during the planning phase and increase the project scope and project schedule. The
member also develop the performance measurement which rectified the errors and
mistakes.
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 Project closure
The project closure describes the details of the documentation which includes
the cancellation of the contract, closure of the project which includes the suppliers
and stake holders. The project closure is the last phase which help the project
member in finalizing the activities of the project. The important of the project closure
is that it provides the archived information and release the resources for the
endeavors (Oeij and et. al., 2019).
Analysis of the project methodologies and tools used
Agile methodologies
This is the process which is helpful in managing the project by breaking the
projects into different parts. The agile methods are very important in completion of
any projects (Myklebust and Stålhane, 2018). It develop the products which is of
superior quality. The agile methods includes the customer in decision making
process and increase the customer retention methods also enhance the predictability
of the projects, reduce the risk associated, increase the flexibility, and help in
maintain the morale of the team members (Van Ruler, 2019). This also increase the
communication between stakeholders for continuous improvements. The given
projects shows following cons and pros:
Pros:
The agile methodologies increase the customer satisfaction which is very
important in project and increase the interaction of the customers on daily basis. The
given project is based on the demands and requirements of the customers. The
another advantage of the this method is that it increase the continuous development.
The continuous development help in reviewing the each steps by customers which is
helpful in modification and improvement process. The agile methodology provides
the better interaction which involves the proper communication among all the
stakeholders (Rosa and et. al., 2021). Regular modification means there is change
and improvements according to the needs and demands of the customers. Regular
modification handling the project in accurate manner. Better cooperation is one of
the advantage of the agile methodologies which help in the accomplishment and
successful completion of the projects (Zhang and et. al., 2018).
Cons:
The cons of the agile methodology includes the lack in documentation, costly
process, lack of intensity etc. The documentation process provides the inaccurate
details because of it is difficult to describe the specification and modification of each
stage. The expertise requirements includes the qualified expertise which is also
challenge in the agile methodologies (Lozada-Martinez and et. al., 2019). The agile
methodologies is the group of different stages and reviewing of each and every steps
in proper manner increase the cost of the project. So cost is describe as cons of the
agile methodologies.
Review and critically evaluate the effectiveness of the PLC in application to
your project using the appropriate theories models and concepts
The project life cycle is define as the groups of the steps which is required by
the project mangers for completing the projects. The project life cycle includes the
initiating, executing, controlling and monitoring process (Yahyaabadi and et. al.,
2020). The project life cycle includes the various phase of the project representation
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and management. The project life cycle produce the well structured presentation for
attracting the stakeholders of the projects. The effectiveness of the PLC also
includes the better communication which increase the better interaction ,
coordination, and cooperation (He and et. al., 2021). The PLC help in the cost
controlling in every stage of the project management. The cost controlling process
provides feasible rates and help in budgeting the resources which is used in the
project. Progressive evolution is also very effective which increase the project life
cycle and increase the productivity in specific manner.
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