Organisational Behaviour Report

This report analyzes the influence of organizational culture, politics, and power on individual and team behavior within Tesco. It examines motivational theories, effective team dynamics, and leadership styles, highlighting their impact on employee performance and organizational success.

Organisational
Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 How an organization's culture, politics and power can influence individual and team
behaviour.....................................................................................................................................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
P2 Content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques effective
achievement of goals...................................................................................................................3
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................5
P3 Understanding of what makes and effective team as opposed to an ineffective team...........5
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................6
P4 Concepts and philosophies of OB within an organizational context.....................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8
.........................................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Organizational behaviour consider as an important study of the how people interact with
others within the company. Mainly, it refer to study of human behaviour which may help in
building positive relation at workplace. In this context, manager play vital role in determining
both individual performance and activities that may contribute in attaining positive outcomes. It
is important for company to reduce the complex nature of the workers in order to enhance their
performance level (Robbins and et. al., 2013). Present report is based on the Tesco, is a British
multinational grocery and general merchandise retail company. This project discussed about that
how organization's culture, politics and power influence the team and individual behaviour.
Along with this, motivation theories are also covered in this report which help in encouraging
employees motivation at workplace. At last concept and philosophies of organizational
behaviour is also discussed here.
TASK 1
P1 How an organization's culture, politics and power can influence individual and team
behaviour
Organization's culture, politics and power play vital role in company that may directly
influence the overall performance of the team and individual. Thus, it is important for Tesco to
effectively implement all these aspect to enhance the productivity of the workers and company as
well.
Organizational culture refer to the values, beliefs and ways to interact that may directly
contribute in developing effective and social environment at workplace place. Mainly. It
influence how employees can perform their task within the organization. This can be understood
by Handy culture model which may consist four components are as follows:
Power culture: This type of culture is related with the power that hold by manager which
can be affected individual performance in negative way. If Tesco use type of culture than the
workers are judge by the what they achieve than how they perform and act. This will negatively
impact on the workers performance at workplace (Okurame, 2012).
Role culture: Under this culture, various roles and responsibilities are assign to the
employees with the purpose of attain positive outcomes. Along with this, power is hold by
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person on the basis of their position and role as well. If Tesco implement this type of culture that
it tends to increase bureaucracy within the company (Norton, Zacher and Ashkanasy, 2014).
Task culture: In this culture, teams are formed with the purpose of performing specific
task or project. Along with this, all the power of decision making is based on the team members
so that they can easily attain positive outcomes. If this type of culture is implement by Tesco that
they easily improve workers performance at workplace. As individuals and team workers can be
improved which may contribute in attaining set goals and objectives in appropriate manner. This
will directly contribute in enhancing organizational perfomance.
Person culture: Under this culture, individuals think that they are unique form other
workers in organization. As it negatively impact on overall performance of the workers. If Tesco,
follow this type of culture then the employees motivation get reduces and they do not ready to
perform task under another person. It may increase the chances of conflicts situation within the
company.
From all these culture, task culture is more appropriate for the Tesco workers because it
help them in effectively perform their roles and responsibilities (Unsworth, Dmitrieva and
Adriasola, 2013). This will contribute in motivating workers towards the allotted task.
Organizational power:
Organizational power is consider as an ability to directly influence the individual. Mainly
it hold by the top management with the aim of executing all the activities in systematic manner.
Along with this, if power hold by few people that it positively influence workers and team
behaviour at workplace. As all the actions and decision are taken by he specified person who had
power. On the other side, they also can easily dominate the another person to perform task. This
will negatively impact on the overall performance of the individual behaviour in Tesco.
Organization's politics:
It is also an important factor for business organization that directly influence the
individual and team behaviour in positive or negative way. If a person has effective ability to
evaluate the politics than they easily improve their performance at workplace (LA, 2013). Thus it
is important for Tesco to implement effective politics culture so that team and individuals can
easily perform their duties and attain desirable objectives. This will contribute in achieving
positive success at market.
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TASK 2
P2 Content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques effective
achievement of goals
Motivation is important for every business organization to motivate their workers to
perform best at workplace (Kitchin, 2017). Thus, it is important for manager to provide better
motivation to their workers so that they ca easily attain success. For attaining the same, manager
of Tesco is responsible for understanding employees needs and requirement at workplace. This
will directly contribute in enhancing productivity level of the workers and company as well. In
this context, there are some motivational theories that used by Tesco with the aim of motivating
workers:
Content motivation theory:
It is an effective theory of motivation that is related with the basic needs of individual.
Person needs are change with passes of time thus it is important for Tesco to effectively provide
better motivation as per their needs. It includes various motivation theory:
Maslow's need hierarchy theory
This type of theory is formed by Abraham Maslow with the aim of providing better
satisfaction. As it includes some factors that required by individual at workplace:
Physiological Needs: It consist basic needs that is important for the individual to survive
in the world. Mainly it includes food, clothes, water and shelter. All these are basic needs to
employees to perform and retain in business organization for longer period of time (Kazemipour
and Mohd Amin, 2012). Thus, it is important for Tesco to provide minimum wages to their
workers so that they can easily fulfil their basic needs.
Safety and security needs: Every individual wants to secure their family and themselves
so that they can easily motivate towards their task and activities as well. It includes job security,
finance security, health and safety and many more. Thus, it is important for Tesco to provide
better training and development programmes so that they can easily handle their task. By this
they can easily secure their job and also encourage to attain set goals.
Love and belongingness needs: This type of requirement is also important for individual
to enhance their motivation. In this Tesco is responsible for making positive and healthy relation
with all the workers so that they can easily share their views and opinion with other (Hoever and
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et. al., 2012). With the help of this, they can easily attain positive outcomes within the
organization.
Esteem needs: After satisfying all these needs, person wants to attain independence,
dignity and desire to make their reputation. Thus, Tesco is responsible for motivating their
workers by providing them empower (Hershcovis, 2011). This will directly contribute in
enhancing the productivity level of the workers.
Self actualization needs: This is last stage of motivation in which all the needs of
individual fulfilled an d they wants to enhance their personal growth. For attaining the same,
Tesco is responsible for providing growth opportunities to the workers so that they can easily
develop their personal and professional growth.
Process motivation theory:
This type of approach define factors which is related that motivation which is relate with
how and why motivation is important.
Vroom's Expectancy theory:
It is one of the effective theory which is based on the cognitive process theory
motivation. In this workers person best with the aim of get best from organization like rewards
and many more. With the help of this, employees of Tesco can easily motivate theory workers at
workplace. It includes three type of elements of this theory are as follows:
Valence: It show the direct relation among quality performance and rewards as well. For
example, if employee get less reward that they fail in perform their best. Thus, Tesco needs to
provide appropriate rewards according to the performance of the workers.
Expectancy: According to this factor, workers of Tesco execute their activities of attain
positive and best results. With the assistance of this, they can easily motivate and encourage
towards the working activities (Hammer and et. al., 2011). By this, employees attain positive and
set target in appropriate way.
Instrumentality: In this, employees think relation between activity and reward. Thus, it is
important for manager of Tesco to effectively manager as well as create appropriate balance
between workers performance and results. By this workers give their best to attain positive
outcomes.
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TASK 3
P3 Understanding of what makes and effective team as opposed to an ineffective team
Team play important role in business organization to attain specific goals and objectives.
Mainly, it consist two or more people who perform to achieve common target in allotted time
frame. In context of Tesco, they formed an effective team with the aim of performing all the
operational activities in appropriate way.
Basis Effective team Ineffective team
Contribution Under this team all the
working activities are equally
contribute in team members to
attain set goals (Graham,
Ziegert and Capitano, 2015).
In this, work distribution is not
distribute equally which
negatively affect the entire
team members performance.
Communication Under this team, proper
communication method is
applied which helps team
members to effectively achieve
positive outcomes.
In this team, communication
channel is not effectively use
which create issues among all
the team members at
workplace.
For attaining success, it is important for manager of Tesco to make an effective team. By
this they can easily execute entire operational activities. For this, company use Tuckman model
which includes five steps of building effective team:
 Forming: Under this, manager of Tesco includes few members for the team to execute
operational activities.
 Storming: In this various issues are occur among team members at the time of working in
a team.
 Norming: Under this stage, some personal behaviour are occur among team members in
which all the decision are made by all the team members that may contribute in building
an effective team within the organization.
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 Performing: In this, all the team members are aware about their roles and responsibilities.
Along with this, team members are focus on attaining set goals and objectives (Gabriel
and et. al., 2015).
 Adjourning: It is last stage, team members are connect with each other after dissolve the
team. In this, team is break-up when project is successfully completed.
TASK 4
P4 Concepts and philosophies of OB within an organizational context
Organisational behaviour is refer to the effective study about how employees are interact
with other person at workplace. In this, it is important for manager of Tesco to effectively
implement the proper leadership which may help in attaining set goals and objectives in allotted
time frame (Path-Goal Theory of Leadership, 2018). In this context, company implement Path
goal theory with the aim of motivating and encouraging workers at workplace. This type of
theory includes three components that can be understood by following points:
Employee characteristics: It is one of the important factor which includes workers
requirements, needs, demand and many more that directly affect entire working activities of the
employees at workplace. Thus, it is important for Tesco manager to effectively evaluate all the
needs to workers with the aim of provide them better motivation.
Task and environment characteristics: Every workers perform different task at workplace.
In this employees are affect from the assigned duties and business environment as well. Thus, it
is important for manager of Tesco to implement new and innovative approaches that may
influence workers performance at workplace in positive way.
Leader style: This type of theory is related with the leaders who perform within the
organization. Mainly it includes different type of leaders like supportive, directive, achievement,
directive. In this context, supportive approach is use by leader to support workers at workplace,
directive style help in guiding employees towards the assigned task, participative help in
increasing involvement of the workers at workplace. All these are directly contribute in
enhancing the productivity level of the employees which may help in attaining set goals and
objectives in allotted time frame.
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From all these, participative approach is ore effective through which leader of Tesco can
easily encourage their workers to perform their best. With the assistance of this, manager can
easily reduce the chances of arising any kind of issues at workplace. Furthermore, this type of
approach may help in making employees aware about what is going in the company and its
policies as well (Dobrow, 2013). This will contribute in making employees performance more
productive which directly impact in increasing positive image of the company at market place.
CONCLUSION
From the above mentioned report, it has been concluded that organization behaviour is an
effective study to effectively understand the employees behaviour at workplace. With the help of
this company can easily encourage and motivate workers towards the allotted task. Along with
this, organization power, politics and culture also influence worker performance so that it is
important for business organization to implement effective and strong culture to promote
positivity. Motivational theories like Maslow hierarchy and many more to encourage as well as
motivate employees towards the task and activities as well. Apart from this, effective
communication, leadership may help in creating effective team which may contribute in attaining
specified project. Different concept and philosophies of organization behaviour is also help
manager to improve employees performance and behaviour also.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Dobrow, S. R., 2013. Dynamics of calling: A longitudinal study of musicians. Journal of
organizational behavior. 34(4). pp.431-452.
Gabriel, A. S. and et. al., 2015. Emotional labor actors: A latent profile analysis of emotional
labor strategies. Journal of Applied Psychology. 100(3). p.863.
Graham, K. A., Ziegert, J. C. and Capitano, J., 2015. The effect of leadership style, framing, and
promotion regulatory focus on unethical pro-organizational behavior. Journal of
Business Ethics. 126(3). pp.423-436.
Hammer, L. B., and et. al., 2011. Clarifying work–family intervention processes: The roles of
work–family conflict and family-supportive supervisor behaviors. Journal of Applied
Psychology. 96(1). p.134.
Hershcovis, M. S., 2011. “Incivility, social undermining, bullying… oh my!”: A call to reconcile
constructs within workplace aggression research. Journal of Organizational Behavior.
32(3). pp.499-519.
Hoever, I. J., and et. al., 2012. Fostering team creativity: perspective taking as key to unlocking
diversity's potential. Journal of applied psychology. 97(5). p.982.
Kazemipour, F. and Mohd Amin, S., 2012. The impact of workplace spirituality dimensions on
organisational citizenship behaviour among nurses with the mediating effect of affective
organisational commitment. Journal of Nursing Management. 20(8). pp.1039-1048.
Kitchin, D., 2017. An introduction to organisational behaviour for managers and engineers: A
group and multicultural approach. Routledge.
LA, B., 2013. Will prescriptions for cultural change improve the NHS?. Bmj. 346. p.19.
Norton, T. A., Zacher, H. and Ashkanasy, N. M., 2014. Organisational sustainability policies and
employee green behaviour: The mediating role of work climate perceptions. Journal of
Environmental Psychology. 38. pp.49-54.
Okurame, D., 2012. Impact of career growth prospects and formal mentoring on organisational
citizenship behaviour. Leadership & Organization Development Journal. 33(1). pp.66-
85.
Robbins, S. and et. al., 2013. Organisational behaviour. Pearson Higher Education AU.
Unsworth, K. L., Dmitrieva, A. and Adriasola, E., 2013. Changing behaviour: Increasing the
effectiveness of workplace interventions in creating pro‐environmental behaviour
change. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 34(2). pp.211-229.
Wilkinson, A. and et. al., 2014. Handbook of research on employee voice: Elgar original
reference. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Online
Path-Goal Theory of Leadership. 2018. [Online] Available
through<https://www.toolshero.com/leadership/path-goal-theory-leadership/>./
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