Comparison between Phonetics and Phonology in Arabs

This assignment discusses the comparison between a native speaker and Arabs production in vowels and consonants, stress pattern, and intonation.

The comparison between phonetics and phonology in Arabs
pronunciation
Majan college university
Name module: English phonology and phonetics
Student ID number : 17901167
student name: Hajer khamis alarimi
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1.Introduction:
Linguistics is science that has many branches among them is phonetics, phonology,
semantics. Pragmatics, and syntax. Those components are necessary for every language when
learn it, being familiar with the pronunciation, phonetics and phonology of the language is
important. Now, what do phonetics and phonology mean? Phonetics is meant the study of
human speech sound and phonology is the study of a human sound system and how it affects
the neighbouring sounds. However, it has been noticed that Arabs learners of English
language encounter difficulties in producing some sounds properly or feeling confused
between those sounds such as /p/, /v/,/f/, /dʒ/. This assignment will discuss the comparison
between a native speaker and Arabs production in vowels and consonants, also stress pattern
intonation as will be included.
2. Lecturer Review:
Ana marind (2003) conducting a study on the difficulties that Arabs speakers
encounter in pronouncing the English consonant. The results show that Arabs speakers do
have difficulties in pronouncing some 8 consonants and, it may differ from the place they
come from. For example, if the student is from Kuwait he might test Variety pronunciation of
English consonant compared to a student from Egypt. In the end, this study assists ESL and
teachers to enhance their teaching techniques to reduce consonant pronunciation issues by
Arabic speakers. In addition, Hassan, El-khair (2007). Made a study to identify the English
pronunciation problem by the Sudanese student to improve their English pronunciation, they
had to investigate the causes of these issues. 50 student form, Sudan University were
examined and 30 teachers from the same university were tested too. The results show that the
student of the English language who speaks Arabic had problems in pronouncing some vowel
which have many ways of pronunciation also consonant for example, /z/ and / ð /, /s/ and / θ/,
/b/ and /p/, / ʃ/ and / ʧ/.
There are additional factors such as interference on some sounds. Another study was
made by Murray (1993) conduct a comparison between a group of native American English
speakers and a group of native Arabic speakers who learn English in their adulthood, there is
a variety of measurement were examined in F1 and F2 such as vowels, duration, frequencies
and movement of the two groups. The result shows there were differences between F1 and
F2, on the parameter are a subsection of the Arabic speaker's production and the
pronunciation of two native English speakers. The two groups were rated by native English
judges; the rating data shows that the minatory of the Arabic group which considered
by judges was “native-like”. Moreover, Omar (2015) they have conducted a study in Saudi
secondary school to investigate the pronunciation issues of English language sounds that face
them. They used many ways to collect data such as questionnaire, classe observation, and
document collections, the results demonstrate that the student has difficulties in pronouncing
eleven consonant sounds. Also, it shows that plenty of the participant for fortunately they
break consonant clusters by inserting syllable vowels sounds unintentional.
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The aim of this study is to stop and enhance the pronunciation of English language
learners. Abderrazak (2016) conducted a study in the sultanate of Oman in Sohar. The results
show that most of the main reasons that Arabs learners encounter in pronouncing some
English words are, the mother tongue interference and the confusion of both sounds in L1and
L2. An additional reason is the lack of knowledge in phonological metacognitive. A study
was made for EFL learners who encounter some difficulties. The aim of this study was to test
the Oral obstacles they found by questionnaire 40 teachers of English language and 30
students tested orally. After analyzing the researchers found out that many of the students
suffer from the psychological issues for example, confident. Also, they have problems in
linguistics in pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and language.
3. Data collection and analyze:
In two minutes CNN weather forecast news report, the report was listened, written
and recorded by Omani English students. The report was transcribing after recording it by
IPA symbols, it will be discussed in the following paragraph and compared between them.
4. Consonant:
Speech sounds that have an obstruction in the flow of the air when it produced, the
English language consist of 44 sounds 24 consonant and 20 vowels. Some of the consonant
sounds are joined with vowel forms as syllable,p/ , /ʃ/ , /b/ , /ʒ/ , /t/ , /h/ , /d/, /ʧ/,
//k/, /ʤ/ , /g/ , /m/, /f/, /n/, /v/, /ŋ/, /θ/, /l/, /ð/ , /r/, /s/ ,/j/, /z/, /w/ .
4.1. Vowels:
Speech sound that have on obstruction in the flow of the air when it produced
(opposed of consonant). iː/ /ʌ/ /i/ , /ɑː/ /ɪ/ ,/ɒ/ /e/ , (/ɔː/, /æ/, /ʊ/ , /ɜː/ , /uː/ /ə/.
Diphthongs: /eɪ/ /ɛə/ /aɪ/ /ʊə/ /ɔɪ/ /aʊ/ /ɪə/ /əʊ/.
4.2. Stress patterns:
The emphasis, the relative loudness to a syllable or a word, as a result of an effort in
utterance. For example, the word
(Fire) the stress patter of this world will be =
Also, the word (making) =
But the word (fire) the shape changed because the degree of emphasis in the first syllable is
stronger than the second one.
4.3. Intonation
Inotation is the rising and falling in the speaker’s voice. It also can be defined as the
act or manner of production in harmonious tones. For instance, the word” Shasta “the
intonation of the word will be
Also, the word “great “
But in the word “and “the shape has changed
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5. Conclusion:
In consequence, phonetics and phonology are important in any language if one wants
to learn a language. The person should be aware of the sounds production of the words. Their
variation of accent may affect the production of pronounced utterance, as a result of that, the
person who hears the word may or may not understand the word. Mother tongue language is
considered as the most major reason that affect the production of the sounds
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6. Reference
1-Anon, (2019). [online] Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283155197
[Accessed 25 Aug. 2019].
-2-Anon, (2019). [online] Available at:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309290691_PRONUNCIATION_DIFFICULTIES_
FOR_ARAB_LEARNERS_OF_ENGLISH [Accessed 25 Aug. 2019]
2-Barros, A. (2019). Pronunciation difficulties in the consonant system experienced by
Arabic speakers when learning English after the age of puberty. [online] The Research
Repository @ WVU. Available at: https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/766/ [Accessed 25
Aug. 2019].
3-Hassan, E. and Hassan (2019). Pronunciation Problems. A Case Study of English
Language Students At Sudan University of Science and Technology. [online]
Repository.sustech.edu. Available at: http://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/4331
[Accessed 25 Aug. 2019].
4-SAGE Journals. (2019). Productions of English Vowels by Native Speakers of Arabic:
Acoustic Measurements and Accentedness Ratings - Murray J. Munro, 1993. [online]
Available at: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/002383099303600103 [Accessed
25 Aug. 2019].
CNN Video link https://youtu.be/kA7opFdGs7g
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Appendix
Native speaker speech:
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Nonnative speaker speech:
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Native speaker speech transcription:
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Nonnative speaker transcription:
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