Literature Review: Sustainable Tourism, Community, and Well-Being

This literature review examines the concept of sustainable tourism and its impact on the well-being of destination communities. The paper explores the economic, environmental, and socio-cultural impacts of tourism, focusing on the importance of community involvement and the preservation of cultural heritage. It discusses various factors, including financial, natural, built, cultural, human, political, and social capital, and how they are affected by tourism. The review highlights the significance of understanding community perspectives and the need for sustainable practices to minimize risks and foster a strong relationship between tourism and social capital. It references key theories like the social exchange theory to analyze the dynamics between tourists and local residents. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for a holistic approach to sustainable tourism that considers the diverse aspects of community well-being and ensures its long-term viability. This paper is a literature review and analysis on the impact of sustainable tourism on community well being.

Running head: LITERATURE REVIEW
Sustainable Tourism and Well- Being of Destination Community
Name of the Student
Student Id
Name of University
Author Note

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Table of Contents
Introduction:....................................................................................................................................3
Sustainability and Capital Approach:..........................................................................................4
The Factors:.................................................................................................................................6
Reference:......................................................................................................................................10

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Introduction:
The following paper is going to illustrate the concept of sustainable tourism and the
strategies pertaining to the development and growth of community tourisms. A growing number
of research works on sustainable tourism and community based tourism has provided help to the
literature understand the basic criteria of such. The growing milieu of the sustainable tourism
has been assisting the entire concept of the entire frame work to be effectively understandable in
terms of creating the scope of further study. Sustainable tourism is oriented to longer term
however community based tourism is somehow oriented with shorter term (Kim & Jamal, 2015).
Progress towards the achievement of sustainability has remained quite profound a path. In this
context, the concept of destination community needs to be comprehended. Tourism plays an
important role in determining the economic development of a nation. Twenty first century has
undergone several changes in terms of creating a major scope of economic development.
Destination community involves the process of effective understanding of the cultural and
lingual dignity of the local community pertaining to the effective understanding of the cultural
conceptualization of the entire perspective of the people Providing dignity and ensuring
preservation of the local communities involves the task of destination community build-up as a
matter of fact, the culture of community is considered to be a driving force to the acceptance of
cultural tourism (Ruhanen, 2013). According to WTTC (The World Travel & Tourism Council),
tourism can be considered to be the “driver of economic growth, inclusive development and
environmental sustainability”. According to Moscardo (2012), it has remained superficial on
the specific address of the well being. For instance, whose well being is ensured by the mode of
tourism is not at all cleared. Many of the researchers walked on the socio cultural impacts
however there have been certain gaps like the procedure practicing Sustainable Tourism and the

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development of destination communities ethnographic differences has has been the main
hindrance behind the development of destination communities this is how the literature review
would be looking into the fact that tourism and sustainability needs to be developed through
ascertain understanding of how the communities are approached by tourism groups and the
authorities economic impacts of tourism up on the communities supposed to be the followings
financial capital on the other hand the environmental impacts of tourism are environmental
impacts on natural capital and built capital where is social cultural impacts are cultural capital
human capital and political capital since tourism and community well being is approached by
many of the scholars the gap needs to be identified with effectiveness financial capital can be
defined as the assets related to money various natural capital relates to the assets associated with
environment and ecosystem build capital highly imperative in the case of sustainability capital
can be termed as the traditions a way of life knowing an activities related to art and capital
(Bramwell, 2015).
The purpose of this paper is to provide an overall idea pertaining to the works that have already
been done on the basis of community well being. The broader purpose is to provide a thesis
intending to minimize the risk factors that might lead the local communities in danger. Another
objective of this literature review is to provide a profound concept pertaining to the impact of
tourism within the destination communities so as to create a strong bonding between the tourism
and social capital in destination in Singapore (WTTC, 2013).
Sustainability and Capital Approach:
The term sustainable development has remained under thorough discussion in tourism
sector because this is such development with high potential that most of the business needs are
fulfilled without costing much of the sectors (Jamal & Camargo, 2014). Destination tourism

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does not only provide ample scope to the development of national economy, but it also opens an
extended hand to the local communities. This does not only facilitate the local community to
enjoy the flowing economic revenue through thorough sales of the culture, living style and art
but it also provides them with ample opportunity to demonstrate their living culture to the
tourists (Woolcock, 1998). Cultural tourism has been facilitating most of the local communities
with the effective revenue process. In recent time many of the empirical studies have been
followed up that has been taken into certain consideration with the effective chances of the entire
case. In order to comprehend the sustainability issues of tourism in relation to destination
community, the social exchange theory has been taken into consideration. With the help of this
theory, it can be identified that the residents of an entire case pertaining to the effective criteria
of the entire fact (Lee, 2013). According to social exchange theory, the residents of the
community decide whether they want to become dependent on or independent pertaining to the
benefits and cost of tourism in their destination. Many of the residents choose to become
independent and many become dependent on the tourism department (WTTC, 2013). As a matter
of fact, the dependent residents have a steady flow of cost and benefit ratio that help them
concretize their future consideration of the development of the place. It is the obligation of both
the tourists and the tour organizers to provide ample space for the community residents so that
they can practice their best business in the locality. Based on the theories this has to be taken
into certain consideration fact in regards to basic conceptualization of the subject (Pawar, 2006).
On the basis of the theory, if the hosting residents identify the fact that they are about to be
benefited from the exchange without incurring much cost for the service provision to the tourists,
the process of exchange development can be incurred with the help of different understanding of
the economic flow. Through many of the empirical studies it has been taken into certain

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consideration pertaining to the effective understanding of the fact that in most of the cases there
has been a formulation of theories into practical implementation (Bramwell ET AL., 2015).
Twenty first century has undergone several changes in terms of creating a major scope of
economic development. Destination community involves the process of effective understanding
of the cultural and lingual dignity of the local community pertaining to the effective
understanding of the cultural conceptualization of the entire perspective of the people Providing
dignity and ensuring preservation of the local communities involves the task of destination
community build-up as a matter of fact, this has to be taken into certain consideration pertaining
to the effective culture of the local community. According to WTTC (The World Travel &
Tourism Council), tourism can be considered to be the “driver of economic growth, inclusive
development and environmental sustainability”. According to Moscardo (2012), it has remained
superficial on the specific address of the well being. For instance, whose well being is ensured by
the mode of tourism is not at all cleared. The broader purpose is to provide a thesis intending to
minimize the risk factors that might lead the local communities in danger (Spilanis & Vayanni,
2014). Another objective of this literature review is to provide a profound concept pertaining to
the impact of tourism within the destination communities so as to create a strong bonding
between the tourism and social capital in destination in Singapore.
The Factors:
According to Murphy and Price, tourism and sustainable development has direct impact upon
destination community. The impacts can be categorized into three sections- economic,
environmental and socio cultural understandings. It has often been observed that insufficient
attention has been paid to the economic category and development of the destination
communities (Kim & Jamal, 2015). A certain gap has been found which actually forced into the

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effective consideration of the entire issue. There have been two main reasons behind the
identification of such gap-.
 Many of the researchers walked on the socio cultural impacts however there have been
certain gaps like the procedure practicing Sustainable Tourism and the development of
destination communities ethnographic differences has has been the main hindrance
behind the development of destination communities this is how the literature review
would be looking into the fact that tourism and sustainability needs to be developed
through ascertain understanding of how the communities are approached by tourism
groups and the authorities economic impacts of tourism up on the communities supposed
to be the followings financial capital on the other hand the environmental impacts of
tourism r environmental impacts on natural capital and built capital where is social
cultural impacts are cultural capital human capital and political capital since tourism and
community well being is approached by many of the scholars the gap needs to be
identified with effectiveness financial capital can be defined as the assets related to
money various natural capital can be defined as the assets associated with environment
and ecosystem build capital highly imperative in the case of sustainability capital can be
defined as the traditions a way of life knowing an activities related to art and capital
(Pawar, 2016).
The particular discussion related to the impact of tourism literature so slight Upon A few
challenges towards developing structural frameworks in order to understand how different
tourism development processes contribute towards particular social culture impact (Pawar,
2016). An option which has independently emerged in both service of resident perception related
to tourism impact and ethnographic approaches for the purpose of addressing the challenge is

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related to the examination of ways in which different capital identified as affected by tourism
(Bramwell 2015). Flores framework have been applied by number of papers related to tourism
impact of community well being and the Hemant related to the community of destination’s well
being rests upon different forms of capital. The work of dash has been expanded by the
community well being single so that various different forms of capital can be identified and
defined. It has been proposed by the Framework that well being of the community is consisted of
seven related and overlapping forms of capital including:
1. Natural capital including amenities, resources and assets available and the ecosystem and
natural environment for the support of the community.
2. Financial capital including resources available for investment and monetary assets in the
community.
3. Built capital, this kind of capital includes physical infrastructure through which various
community activities are allowed.
4. Cultural capital which includes way of life traditions rituals arts and languages this
provide support to community identities and values.
5. Human capital which includes assets, skills, capabilities, knowledge, experiences and
connections of the community members.
6. Political capital which includes ability of the community influence and access, decisions
and powers.
7. Social capital which includes relationship and networks built on reciprocity and trust
connecting the community with people and places and connecting the people to the
community.

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Tourism and social capital
The focus of the paper is onthe study which has been guided along with tourism and
social capital. Resulting out of a significant number of literature available across multiple
disciplines having the objective to explain and define organization of social capital A
considerable debate about its definition still exist. The definition as provided by Pawar’s (2016)
included description from Woolcock (2015) identified the most common elements of the
definition include cooperation, relationship, networks, collective action, social interaction, trust
and shared norms. These elements apparently provide the working definition of social capital to
significant criticism has been provided against elements. There is serious confusion over what
social capital is and what its actual use as provided by Dash is. Secondly the structure and
mechanism which allows the development of social capital is often confused with what actually
social capital is (WTTC 2013). Thus it is necessary to identify the difference between the
dimension of social capital and the structure that allows social capital to be created along with
the outcomes which can be derived from its uses. In relation to the current study at community
level social capital was defined as reciprocity trust shared values obligation cohesiveness of
social relationship between community and social identity. Access to support and resources is
provided by social capital to the members of the community to pursue different goals deriving it
from networks both informal and formal and both outside and within the community.

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Reference:
Bramwell, B. (2015). Theoretical activity in sustainable tourism research. Annals of Tourism
Research, 54, 204-218.
Bramwell, B., Higham, J., Lane, B., & Miller, G. (2016). Advocacy or neutrality? Disseminating
research findings and driving change toward sustainable tourism in a fast changing world.
Cohen, S. A., Higham, J. E., Peeters, P., & Gössling, S. (2014). Why tourism mobility
behaviours must change. Understanding and governing sustainable tourism mobility:
Psychological and behavioural approaches, 1-12.
Cohen, S. A., Higham, J. E., Stefan, G., & Peeters, P. (Eds.). (2014). Understanding and
governing sustainable tourism mobility: Psychological and behavioural
approaches (Vol. 43). Routledge.
Jamal, T., & Camargo, B. A. (2014). Sustainable tourism, justice and an ethic of care: Toward
the just destination. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 22(1), 11-30.
Kim, S., & Jamal, T. (2015). The co-evolution of rural tourism and sustainable rural
development in Hongdong, Korea: complexity, conflict and local response. Journal of
Sustainable Tourism, 23(8-9), 1363-1385.
Lee, T. H. (2013). Influence analysis of community resident support for sustainable tourism
development. Tourism management, 34, 37-46.
Lee, T. H. (2013). Influence analysis of community resident support for sustainable tourism
development. Tourism management, 34, 37-46.

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Melissen, F., & Koens, K. (2016). Adding researchers' behaviour to the research agenda:
bridging the science–policy gap in sustainable tourism mobility. Journal of Sustainable
Tourism, 24(3), 335-349.
Pawar, M. (2016). “Social” ”capital”? Social Science Journal, 43(2), 211-226.
Ruhanen, L. (2013). Local government: facilitator or inhibitor of sustainable tourism
development?. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 21(1), 80-98.
Spilanis, I., & Vayanni, H. (2014). Sustainable tourism: utopia or necessity? The role of new
forms of tourism in the Aegean Islands.
Urry, J. (2009). Sociology and climate change. The Sociological Review, 57(s2), 84-100.
Woolcock, M. (1998). Social capital and economic development: Toward a theoretical synthesis
and policy framework. Theory and Society, 27, 151-208.
WTTC (2013). Our mission. Retrieved March 17th, 2013 from http://www.wttc.org/ourmission/ .