Contemporary Travel and Tourism

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the contemporary travel and tourism industry, covering key milestones, elements of the tourist experience, factors influencing tourism behavior, emerging trends, and factors affecting the popularity of global destinations. It highlights the industry's rapid growth and evolution, emphasizing the importance of understanding customer needs and preferences to ensure success.

The contemporary
travel and tourism
industry

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK1.............................................................................................................................................3
Key milestone in the development of travel and tourism and how they shaped travel and
tourism industry......................................................................................................................3
Elements of tourism and travel industry and how they interrelate to create the tourist
experience:..............................................................................................................................4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
P3 Different factors that affect tourism behaviour :...............................................................6
motivational model and how the influence decision making process :.................................7
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
P5 Identify recent emerging pattern and trends in the international travel and tourism industry:
................................................................................................................................................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................9
Examine the factors affecting the popularity of a range of global destinations....................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
The Travel and tourism industry are the sector which have been changing at very large
scale. This have been essential social activities of human being from old time. In general,
tourism is the act of travel of the purpose of leisure, pleasure, businesses, provision of services
for this act. This can be seen in different perspective from geographer’s point of view main
concern is place, the climate, the landscape, environment etc. This report explained key
milestone of travel and tourism industry and how they shaped the travel and tourism industry.
Different elements of travel and tourism industry and how they create tourist industry. Cover
different factor which affect tourism behaviour and model of motivation. Recent trend and
pattern in travel and tourism. Factor affecting level of popularity of different global.
TASK1
Key milestone in the development of travel and tourism and how they shaped travel and tourism
industry.
Tourism is motivated by the basic or natural urge of human being for the great
experience, adventure, education and entertainment. Tourism is important for social development
at global and regional level. This industry is rapidly grow and developed since 1950s. In this
there is different key milestone which help in develop travel and tourism industry and how they
help in giving shaped to travel and tourism industry. This all is explained below:
Changing socio – economic circumstances: After 1950s in the sector of travel and
tourism industry there many development is occurred which help in the growth of this sector.
There is changes in socio economic which help in grow and develop this industry.
This help in giving effective shape of travel and tourism industry. In this more leisure
time and with great economy higher income allowed people to expand on tourism and travel.
People go on particularly on overseas holiday. In this also increasing in car ownership which
give positive impact on travel and tourism industry (Bærenholdt, 2017).
Development in technology: In this when the technology is developed day by day its
give great impact on travel and tourism industry. Computer technology provide way to travel and
tourism company from which the can create awareness about their industry.

They shaped this this industry to grow and developed. For UNWTO its work effectively,
in this development in jet aircraft contributed to growth in the domestic as well as international
travel and tourism industry.
Product development and innovation: This is defining as what travel and tourism offer
to its customer called as their product this industry provide services to their customer. According
to the time this sector grows in the development of in product with the great innovation. The
development in of seaside resort, installation of holiday champs, packages holidays (Bellini and
Pasquinell, 2017).
They shaped tool and travel as. All this long haul destinations and weather attraction
have been help in growing demand for travel and for the services which they provide tp its
customer. This help to attract more customer toward this sector.
Changing customer needs, expectation and fashion: According to the time the taste
and needs of customer is getting change. In this industry the facility which come is of television
through which this industry creates awareness in the mind of customer and understand there need
according to that they provide facility to its customer.
This play effective role for provide shaped to this industry. In this through exposure to
television, and from the other mass media people get aware and looking for more opportunity in
the industry on travel and tourism in UK.
Elements of tourism and travel industry and how they interrelate to create the tourist experience:
In this there is an element of travel and tourism industry and on that elements experience
of tourist. This are the element which is directly experienced by the customer during there
journey. In this there are the indirect component of the travel and tourism industry. Different
element is explained below:
Accessibility: This is define as the reachability to the place of destination from various
means of transportations. This transportation should be regular , comfortable , and economically
safe. In today era there is various type of transportation that is airlines, railway, water
transportation etc. (Cohen, 2012)
Accommodation: This is the place where tourist find food and shelter provided to fit
position. There is various type accommodation. In large number of of tourists visit particular spot
because there is first class hotel with great facilities.

Types of Accommodation- There are various kinds of accommodation available for the
potential customer's. Some among them are discussed below-
Boutique Hotel- It is a 5 star hotel which includes various kinds of services and facilities
to the customer's. This type of hotel is generally for the top income class customer's.
Hotel- It is one of the famous accommodation as most of the customer's are attracted to
this. These provide wide range of services to its guest and also includes restaurant services.
Lodge- Such type of accommodation services are provided near nature. In this natural
materials are used to attract more and more customer's. Various outdoor services are also
provided to the customer's (The of Accommodation. 2018).
Attraction: This is considered as the most important factor. This is anything which is
create desire in any person to travel in specific tourist destination. The different types of tourist
attraction are discussed below-
 Traditional tourist attraction- These includes the beaches, tropical resort or island,
mountains and deserts (The of Attraction . 2017).
 Cultural tourist attraction such types of attractions include historical places or
monuments, art galleries, temples etc.
In this there are some element which is directly experienced by the person during the
journey. This create experience in the mind of customer it may be negative or positive. For
example : if the travel industry not provide good services then its give negative impact in the
mind of customer and its reduce the image of service provider. In this there are the indirect
component of the travel and tourism industry. This is what after getting satisfaction from direct
elements. Customer go for its indirect elements. This indirect elements are proper electricity,
safety and security , Wi-Fi etc. When all the services provided by the industry then its give
positive image in the mind of customer. This positive impact of customer to this industry help in
develop and growth for the industry(Collins-Kreiner, 2017) .
For example : When an customer is going for travel and they see the package and check
all the facility provided by the industry. Direct element of package like accessibility ,
transportation are satisfied . In direct elements like Wi-Fi , safety and security are also satisfy the
customer then its create good image of industry in front of the customer and again the customer
try that travel and tourism industry. Before travelling every customer focus on many factors of
this industry. These factors include social , cultural , political , geographical etc. for example : if

customer don't like the location and culture then the can choose different location which is in
their favour. The place where they feel happy their location, their culture.
TASK 2
P3 Different factors that affect tourism behaviour :
In the sector of travel and tourism industry there are many various factor that affect this
industry. Many factor which influence customer to travel to a particular location or place. This
influence the tourism and travel sector as the affect behaviour of the customer also gets impacted
due to many factors(Connell, 2013).
Geographical factors: This factor are included climate condition and the type of
amenities which is provided to the customer. Before going for travel customer check the
climate condition of the location after that they take the decision this the type of amenities
provided to the customer at a particular location and designation. All this facility affect the
decision of the customer in term of providing services. For example if an individual person
wants to visit hill station they want to go Nepal then the many factor they should considered like
they check the review on that site. They check all the road and map after considerer all the point
they take decision of going or not going. This factor affect the industry of travel and tourism
industry. The best destination known for its geographical factor is the Lake District which is also
known as lake land. This destination is famous for its lakes, forest and mountains.
Social factors: This factor is define as the factor in which the taste and preferences of
the customer change according to time which affect this industry. The preference and taste of
the customer never remain the same. This taste and preferences affect the decision time to time
for travelling to places. This changing preferences are result as advancement of technology . This
change affect this industry and this is challenge for the industry and firm. For example A person
having name of Thomas want to visit some religious place for the peace of mind but the friends
give them idea to go somewhere where is hill station; for party and night out. Some family
member suggested to them for go religious place for peace of mind . So here we analysis that this
preferences of customer is fluctuate not fix. This social factor affect the decision of the
customhouse. Top social destinations include religious places likes- temples, churches, etc.
people visit such places to satisfy their social needs.

Cultural factor: This factor is define as the value, beliefs and language is different of
other country where customer wants to visit. The language barrier affects the decision of
customer. For example: A UK person John wants to visit India but in their mind there is a
barrier of language so somewhere before going he think twice about his declension. This
cultural factor affects the decision of its customer (Gladstone, 2013). Top destination which is
famous for its cultural factor are various places which considers the culture and values of a
particular place. This include some places in UK.
Motivational model and how the influence decision making process :
This is define as the power which influence the people perform it task effectively or do
there work effectively. There is various type of motivational factors. Maslow hierarchy of needs
(1943) is the taken model for motivating customer in taking decision regrading travel and
tourism. This theory of motivation is explained below:
Physiological needs : This is the first and basic essential need in which people satisfied
the need for survive. In travel and tourism its necessary for survival whole travelling such as
accommodation, transportation , safety etc. In this the industry of travel and tourism need to
make sure that in there package the basic need is fulfilled or not full filled, without this the
customer can not take first step towards there travel.
Love and belongingness need : In this manager of travel and tourism industry make
sure the demand of customer while the travelling is fulfil or not . The behaviour of employee
toward the customer is good or not. The good staff and industry motivate customer to more
travel.
Esteem needs : This are need which is related with the status and respect of the tourist.
In this the manager should focus on the behaviour of the staff in which they have to treat
customer in very well manners and give respect to them. In this customer want well respected
and treated in a very well manner. The better experience will lead to the better sanctification .
The good sanctification and experience will ensure that the customer will visit the designation
again( Greene, 2017)(Hudson, 2012).
Self actualization : In this manager should focus on the need and demand of the of
customer. This need are associated with interest and self desire of customer while taking the
service during travelling. Manager should focus on the all the point which customer demand for
in package and fulfil that demand for satisfaction of customer. Manger should also take care of

the budget in which they need to consider all the places where they customer visit and
accommodated to its customer. So that services can be provided accordingly.
This above model is define as in which travel and tourism industry need to motivate its
customer. Through Maslow hirerchy theory industry can understand that how to satisfied the
need of the customer and demand of the customer which motivate customer to take decision in
there favour (Long, 2013)
This model influence the decision making process of the customer. When manager of
industry satisfied the basic need of the customer (Theobald, 2012)They focus on the demand of
customer and fulfil that demand is give positive impact in decision of customer. When the
customer is satisfied then they again choose that designation.
Another model which can be used for decision-making is rational model. In this model
potential options are analysed and evaluated in the proper manner. This model is generally used
to decide and plan for the future needs and requirements. Intuitive model can also be used to
analyse the situations and take better decisions for satisfying the needs and preferences. In this
systematic evaluation is done to get better outcome.
TASK 3
P5 Identify recent emerging pattern and trends in the international travel and tourism industry:
Today tourist can travel anywhere in the world. There choice of designation is essentially
ultimate. Tourist have more choice now time and money allow they can possibly visit every
destination available to them. The tourism sector is growing very fast now days. This rapid
changes in this sector grow this industry. Trends of travel and tourism industry is explained
below:
Last minutes booking are increasing: This is so obvious that customer change its
preferences with the time. They decided to travel and visit at last moment or some time before
travelling (Scarles, 2016).In past if people want to visit and travel so they book there ticket and
everything before some times and days. They book before days because that time there is not
high presence of technology. Nowadays with help of high technology customer can book their
package before the travelling. In this if customer wants to go Singapore there is the high chances
of booking full but with help of last minute booking they can book there package. Yes this is
costly but ensure the booking (McWha, 2016).

Ecological and educational tours are in demand: People want to visit place from
where they can gain some knowledge. This factor also lead to rise in emergent trend from the
global travel and tourism industry. Such types of tours helps in increasing the knowledge and
skills of the individual. As various new facts are find drawn out by the traveller. Such type of
destination include ecological parks.
Awareness about the culture and history : This factor also lead to rising in emerging
trend from the global travel and tourism industry. In this people wants to acquire knowledge of
culture various places. So many countries has there own unique history people want to know
about them and visit there (Risteskia, 2012). such types of places helps in increasing historical
knowledge of the travellers. These types of places includes traditional places, monuments, etc.
with the help these traveller can increase its knowledge in history.
Traveller enjoy local places: In this travellers are select to become more steep in the
local culture when visiting a destination. In this people can book a local experience with a
destination native. In these places are mainly for enjoying the nature and culture of the particular
area. After visiting these places traveller will be able to explore new places.
Requesting new experience: Now day operate are requesting to experience from
traveller who want to do something that is one in a life time. This become more ordinary among
millennials person who want to explore the world.
TASK 4
Examine the factors affecting the popularity of a range of global destinations
There are various factor that enhance the demand of the different destinations worldwide.
For example, Europe is a place where number of people come to visit cause of availability of
different cultural, natural and historical places. There are number of factors that make this place
favourite of the tourist. Singapore is the place known for its gardens and laws. Various number
of people visit the place for exploring attractive gardens and other tourist places. They are as
following:
Political factor- This factor consist various rules, policies and regulations of the
government of that country. In UK, government make some some changes in their rules and
polices related to travelling so that they can attract number of customers. If the government make
change in the amount of money in term of decrement and others then it help in attracting more

customers which help in the economic growth of the nation (Moal–Ulvoas and Taylor, 2014).
destination which comes under this is the place which as strict laws and regulations. This may
include places like Europe and UAE.
Economical factor- It include financial condition of the country. The people who are
economically string they prefer to visit in developed nations such as London, France, Europe
and others. Because, these nations are developed and have various resources such as
transportation, accommodation, and others which are required facilities for tourists. Undeveloped
countries have not these kind facilities so people do not prefer to visit and travelling their. If the
nation is developed and have various kind of resources and services which are important and
necessary for travellers then it positively affect the economy of the nation in term of growth.
Some of the destinations related to this factor are economical places and resorts which mainly
focuses on the needs and demand of their potential customer's and travellers.
Social factor- This factor consist culture, beliefs, art and values of a nation. There are
number of countries in the world and they follow various culture and beliefs. It help in attracting
number of tourist to visit that place because the main purpose of the travelling is know and
gather information about the culture and values of a nation. For example, In Europe, there are
several people and they follow different culture or they have their on values and beliefs which
generate more curiosity in the mind of travellers. So the people travelling there for providing
satisfaction to their interests. Destination for this factor include social places such as there are
some places in Japan which is famous for its social factor.
Special offers- It is another factor that affect factors affecting the popularity of a range of
global destinations. Mostly, Travellers are more conscious about to visit to those place which are
provided by the tour operators and travel companies. For example, London, France and Europe
are main countries where people want to visit so the tourism companies also provide offers
related these nations destinations. This positively affect the business of the firm. Tin Off seasons,
they also provide these kind of offers and earning profit(Radojevic, Stanisic and Stanic, 2015).
Socials and special offers are some main factors which are affecting the popularity of a
range of global destinations because they attract more customer cause of following various
culture and values or providing various offers towards different destinations.

CONCLUSION
From the above given information, it has been concluded that the development in tourism
and travel industry is rapidly grow. This industry provides effective services to its customer and
customer attract toward this industry. In this there are various sector these factors are
accessibility, accommodation, food, safety and security. These are the factor which help in
achieving the goal of the industry. UK, Europe, Japan and France are the trending destinations
that influence individuals to plan tour activities. This include two elements direct and indirect.
Direct elements include transportation, accommodation etc. Indirect elements include electricity,
Wi-Fi etc. in this there are many factor which affect the tourist behaviour and that is
geographical, social, cultural. In this there is motivational theory which work as motivate
customer for tourism. Different current trends in travel and tourism industry. There are many
factors which affect this industry that is economic, social etc.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
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pp.103-111.
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crisis. Routledge.
Connell, J., 2013. Contemporary medical tourism: Conceptualisation, culture and
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Gladstone, D. L., 2013. From pilgrimage to package tour: Travel and tourism in the third world.
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Greene, R., 2017. Human behavior theory and social work practice. Routledge.
Hudson, S., 2012. Sport and adventure tourism. Routledge.
Long, L. M., 2013. Culinary tourism (pp. 1-8). Springer Netherlands.
McWha and et al.,2016. Writing for the anti-tourist? Imagining the contemporary travel
magazine reader as an authentic experience seeker. Current Issues in Tourism 19(1).
pp.85-99.
Moal–Ulvoas, G. and Taylor, V.A., 2014. The spiritual benefits of travel for senior
tourists. Journal of Consumer Behaviour.13(6).pp.453-462.
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influence customer satisfaction in the contemporary hospitality industry. Tourism
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Risteskia and et. al., 2012. Spatial planning and sustainable tourism as basis for developing
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386.
Scarles, C., 2016. Mediating the tourist experience: From brochures to virtual encounters.
Routledge.
Theobald, W. F. ed., 2012. Global tourism. Routledge.
Online
The of Accommodation. 2018. [Online]. Available
through:<https://www.safarinow.com/cms/accommodation-types/irie.aspx/>.
The of Attraction . 2017 . [Online]. Available through:<https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-
different-types-of-tourist-destinations/>.