The Convenient Shops Supply Challenges and Impact on Customers
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This research focuses on the supply challenges faced by convenient shops, specifically McColl's, and their impact on customers. It explores the concept of convenient shops, the main challenges faced by McColl's, and the possible impact on customers. The research aims to recommend suitable measures and strategies for McColl's to overcome these challenges effectively.
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The Convenient Shops
Supply Challenges and
Impact on Customers
Supply Challenges and
Impact on Customers
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Table of Contents
Research Topic: The Convenient Shops Supply Challenges and Impact on Customers. A case
study on McColl's............................................................................................................................1
Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................1
Background to Research Topic..............................................................................................1
Background to Research Organisation...................................................................................1
Research Rationale.................................................................................................................2
Research Aim and Objectives................................................................................................2
Research Questions................................................................................................................2
Research scope.......................................................................................................................3
Chapter 2: Literature review............................................................................................................3
Chapter 3: Research Methodology...................................................................................................7
Research Tool.......................................................................................................................10
Sampling...............................................................................................................................10
Timescale..............................................................................................................................11
Resources..............................................................................................................................11
Chapter 4: Data analysis and interpretation...................................................................................12
Chapter 5: Research findings.........................................................................................................16
Chapter 6: Conclusion and Recommendations..............................................................................17
Chapter 7: Reflection.....................................................................................................................18
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................20
Research Topic: The Convenient Shops Supply Challenges and Impact on Customers. A case
study on McColl's............................................................................................................................1
Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................1
Background to Research Topic..............................................................................................1
Background to Research Organisation...................................................................................1
Research Rationale.................................................................................................................2
Research Aim and Objectives................................................................................................2
Research Questions................................................................................................................2
Research scope.......................................................................................................................3
Chapter 2: Literature review............................................................................................................3
Chapter 3: Research Methodology...................................................................................................7
Research Tool.......................................................................................................................10
Sampling...............................................................................................................................10
Timescale..............................................................................................................................11
Resources..............................................................................................................................11
Chapter 4: Data analysis and interpretation...................................................................................12
Chapter 5: Research findings.........................................................................................................16
Chapter 6: Conclusion and Recommendations..............................................................................17
Chapter 7: Reflection.....................................................................................................................18
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................20
Research Topic: The Convenient Shops Supply Challenges and Impact on
Customers. A case study on McColl's.
Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION
Background to Research Topic
Convenient Shops mainly comprises of small retail business which stocks a range of
everyday items like coffee, groceries, snack foods, confectionery, soft drinks, toiletries,
magazines and newspapers. Thus, plays a vital role in completing a supply chain but still many
challenges associated with their limited store size and finding a balance between a convent range
and right pricing of products is faced by theses Convenient Shops which lead significant impact
on its customers. Many challenges are there which are lead out and faced by these convenient
shop like inventory management, managing merchandise and distribution network which not
only affects their profitability and performance level but also leads significant impact on the
services provided to consumers. Thus, following investigation is lead out to evaluate and
determine about the Convenient Shops Supply Challenges and Impact on Customers.
Background to Research Organisation
The research organisation selected for current investigation is McColls Retail Group which
is basically a British convenience shop along with a newsagent operator that is trading under the
trading names McColls. The McColls is basically a corner store operating as a small retailer that
stock and sell a range of day to day utilisation product such as coffee, groceries, snack foods,
confectionery, soft drinks, tobacco products, over-the-counter drugs, toiletries, newspapers, and
magazines. The McColls Retail Group is the leading neighbourhood retailer of UK which is
having more than 1550 convenience stores along with various newsagents across various
location of UK. The McColl's convenience shop is having a vision of becoming favourite shop
of customer’s through emphasising on its effective presence, ever growing convenience offer and
providing excellent services (McColl’s Corporate website, 2020.). Excellent customers services
and strategic priority is the key of success for McColl's convenience shop along with a dedicated
and hard working workforce to overcome the set challenges and issues. Thus, McColl's
convenience shop is selected for current investigation to evaluate about the Convenient Shops
Supply Challenges and its Impact on Customers.
1
Customers. A case study on McColl's.
Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION
Background to Research Topic
Convenient Shops mainly comprises of small retail business which stocks a range of
everyday items like coffee, groceries, snack foods, confectionery, soft drinks, toiletries,
magazines and newspapers. Thus, plays a vital role in completing a supply chain but still many
challenges associated with their limited store size and finding a balance between a convent range
and right pricing of products is faced by theses Convenient Shops which lead significant impact
on its customers. Many challenges are there which are lead out and faced by these convenient
shop like inventory management, managing merchandise and distribution network which not
only affects their profitability and performance level but also leads significant impact on the
services provided to consumers. Thus, following investigation is lead out to evaluate and
determine about the Convenient Shops Supply Challenges and Impact on Customers.
Background to Research Organisation
The research organisation selected for current investigation is McColls Retail Group which
is basically a British convenience shop along with a newsagent operator that is trading under the
trading names McColls. The McColls is basically a corner store operating as a small retailer that
stock and sell a range of day to day utilisation product such as coffee, groceries, snack foods,
confectionery, soft drinks, tobacco products, over-the-counter drugs, toiletries, newspapers, and
magazines. The McColls Retail Group is the leading neighbourhood retailer of UK which is
having more than 1550 convenience stores along with various newsagents across various
location of UK. The McColl's convenience shop is having a vision of becoming favourite shop
of customer’s through emphasising on its effective presence, ever growing convenience offer and
providing excellent services (McColl’s Corporate website, 2020.). Excellent customers services
and strategic priority is the key of success for McColl's convenience shop along with a dedicated
and hard working workforce to overcome the set challenges and issues. Thus, McColl's
convenience shop is selected for current investigation to evaluate about the Convenient Shops
Supply Challenges and its Impact on Customers.
1
Research Rationale
The selection of current research topic is rationale and justifiable as it provides all needed
information about the concept of Convenient Shops and there operations. It is important to
understand about the Convenient Shops Supply Challenges as it plays a major role in competing
the supply chain by offering day to day utilisation product to customers by the way of small
corner shop. Further, the selection and conduction of current investigation is also rationale and
important to determine the impact of The Convenient Shops Supply Challenges on its customers
along with evaluating the possible measures and strategies to overcome these challenges. Beside
this, the selected research topic also meets the personal interest and implication of researcher
thus, it is rationale to lead enhancement in skills and knowledge of investigator and other
scholar.
Research Aim and Objectives
Research aim
The aim of current investigation on McColl's convenience shop is, “ To determine about
the concept of Convenient Shops Supply Challenges and its Impact on Customers”. An
investigation leads out on McColl’s.
Research Objectives
To evaluate about the concept of Convenient Shops.
To determine the main Convenient Shops Supply Challenges faced by McColl's
convenience shop.
To investigate about the impact of Convenient Shops Supply Challenges on the
customers.
To recommend suitable measures and strategies for McColl's convenience shop to
overcome the Convenient Shops Supply Challenges in an effective manner.
Research Questions
What is meant by the concept of Convenient Shops?
What are the main Convenient Shops Supply Challenges faced by McColl's convenience
shop?
What is the possible impact of Convenient Shops Supply Challenges on the customers?
Which are the most suitable measures and strategies for McColl's convenience shop to
overcome the Convenient Shops Supply Challenges in an effective manner?
2
The selection of current research topic is rationale and justifiable as it provides all needed
information about the concept of Convenient Shops and there operations. It is important to
understand about the Convenient Shops Supply Challenges as it plays a major role in competing
the supply chain by offering day to day utilisation product to customers by the way of small
corner shop. Further, the selection and conduction of current investigation is also rationale and
important to determine the impact of The Convenient Shops Supply Challenges on its customers
along with evaluating the possible measures and strategies to overcome these challenges. Beside
this, the selected research topic also meets the personal interest and implication of researcher
thus, it is rationale to lead enhancement in skills and knowledge of investigator and other
scholar.
Research Aim and Objectives
Research aim
The aim of current investigation on McColl's convenience shop is, “ To determine about
the concept of Convenient Shops Supply Challenges and its Impact on Customers”. An
investigation leads out on McColl’s.
Research Objectives
To evaluate about the concept of Convenient Shops.
To determine the main Convenient Shops Supply Challenges faced by McColl's
convenience shop.
To investigate about the impact of Convenient Shops Supply Challenges on the
customers.
To recommend suitable measures and strategies for McColl's convenience shop to
overcome the Convenient Shops Supply Challenges in an effective manner.
Research Questions
What is meant by the concept of Convenient Shops?
What are the main Convenient Shops Supply Challenges faced by McColl's convenience
shop?
What is the possible impact of Convenient Shops Supply Challenges on the customers?
Which are the most suitable measures and strategies for McColl's convenience shop to
overcome the Convenient Shops Supply Challenges in an effective manner?
2
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Research scope
The current investigation is having a wide scope as it comprises of detailed analysis of
concept of Convenient Shops along with leading and facilitating an enhanced understanding
about the main Convenient Shops Supply Challenges faced by a corer shop. Apart from this the
wide range of scope of current study also emphasis on the possible impact of Convenient Shops
Supply Challenges on the customers to evaluate and determine suitable solution for a
convenience shop to overcome the Convenient Shops Supply Challenges in an effective manner.
Chapter 2: Literature review
Literature review is defined as a comprehensive summary of respective research on a
particular topic on which research is conducted. With the help of literature review researcher can
allow themselves to provide a theoretical base for research with the help of which determination
of the nature of research can be underlined. Research review is basically a written overview
which is being done upon research objectives with the help of different sources on selected topic.
In this sources mainly include websites, scholar articles works, government report and more.
Mentioned below literature review is been done upon different research objectives of present
research. With the help of this proper and clear understanding of research topic is done in
effective manner.
The concept of Convenient Shops
Convenient shop or convenient store is mainly is small retail business that stocks up wide
range of daily basis items such as soft drinks, snack foods, over-the-counter drugs, coffee,
toiletries, magazines, newspaper, confectionary and more (Convenience Store – Definition And
Examples. 2020). It has been identified that convenience store basically perform their business
operations in populated area. These stores allow individuals to get product and services
according to their needs (Septiani, Setiawan and Farhana, 2020). Due to their sheer convenience
they are defined as convenience stores as they provide the services to consumers 24/7/365 or for
specific time as per according to permission or business requirement. Further this has been
evaluated that these stores are mainly design by emphasizing upon convenience and needs of
consumers. These stores provide services for long hours in which individuals have to pay a little
higher price comparatively to supermarket for the products and services. There are different
examples of convenience stores that are kiosk, mini convenience stores, limited selection
convenient stores, traditional convenience stores, hyper convenience store and expanded
3
The current investigation is having a wide scope as it comprises of detailed analysis of
concept of Convenient Shops along with leading and facilitating an enhanced understanding
about the main Convenient Shops Supply Challenges faced by a corer shop. Apart from this the
wide range of scope of current study also emphasis on the possible impact of Convenient Shops
Supply Challenges on the customers to evaluate and determine suitable solution for a
convenience shop to overcome the Convenient Shops Supply Challenges in an effective manner.
Chapter 2: Literature review
Literature review is defined as a comprehensive summary of respective research on a
particular topic on which research is conducted. With the help of literature review researcher can
allow themselves to provide a theoretical base for research with the help of which determination
of the nature of research can be underlined. Research review is basically a written overview
which is being done upon research objectives with the help of different sources on selected topic.
In this sources mainly include websites, scholar articles works, government report and more.
Mentioned below literature review is been done upon different research objectives of present
research. With the help of this proper and clear understanding of research topic is done in
effective manner.
The concept of Convenient Shops
Convenient shop or convenient store is mainly is small retail business that stocks up wide
range of daily basis items such as soft drinks, snack foods, over-the-counter drugs, coffee,
toiletries, magazines, newspaper, confectionary and more (Convenience Store – Definition And
Examples. 2020). It has been identified that convenience store basically perform their business
operations in populated area. These stores allow individuals to get product and services
according to their needs (Septiani, Setiawan and Farhana, 2020). Due to their sheer convenience
they are defined as convenience stores as they provide the services to consumers 24/7/365 or for
specific time as per according to permission or business requirement. Further this has been
evaluated that these stores are mainly design by emphasizing upon convenience and needs of
consumers. These stores provide services for long hours in which individuals have to pay a little
higher price comparatively to supermarket for the products and services. There are different
examples of convenience stores that are kiosk, mini convenience stores, limited selection
convenient stores, traditional convenience stores, hyper convenience store and expanded
3
convenience stores (Erler, Kec and Dittrich, 2020). All these stores conduct their business
operations while having consumer centric approach in order to satisfy their needs effectively
while assuring value in return.
Main Convenient Shops Supply Challenges faced by McColl's convenience shop
McColl's convenience shop faced different types of convenient shops supply challenges.
These are having direct and indirect impact upon their profitability and brand image. According
to the viewpoint of McColl, Macgilchrist and Rafiq, 2020, it has been identified that every
convenient shop constantly faces challenge which is mainly related to inventory management,
managing merchandise and distribution network in order to retain consumer interest on
continuous basis. In context with McColl's convenience shop it has been defined that they are
facing major challenge which is related to handling of inventory in an effective manner and
management of channels of distribution in order to serve customers better. Due to the increase in
the trend of online and social media challenges convenient shop faces challenges to manage their
business activities, along with this quality and regulatory compliance is also acts as a challenge
which is affecting McColl's. In this it is essential for company to provide their product and
services with exclusive label and as per Government and consumer body regulatory measures.
This challenge is having direct impact upon company brand image. These are some of the certain
challenges that have been faced by McColl's convenient shop which is affecting them in number
of ways (Hjertquist and Jung, 2020). All these challenges are required to be effectively overcome
by respective convenient shop in order to ensure their long-term sustainability and profitability in
market.
Possible impact of Convenient Shops Supply Challenges on the customers
According to the viewpoint of Hjertquist and Jung, 2020, it has been evaluated that
convenience shops supply challenges such as inventory management, distribution network and
more are significantly having adverse impact upon consumers. Now a day’s consumers are living
busy lifestyles. This makes them to have more convenient shopping experience. Thus challenges
of convenient shops supply such as distribution network that causes delay in availability of
product and higher price affect purchasing behaviour of customers. This has been determined
that customers mainly focus upon price and quality while making their shopping decision thus
due to higher price and delay in availability of product in convenient shop make customers to
undertake use of online shopping in which they get qualitative product. Further it has also been
4
operations while having consumer centric approach in order to satisfy their needs effectively
while assuring value in return.
Main Convenient Shops Supply Challenges faced by McColl's convenience shop
McColl's convenience shop faced different types of convenient shops supply challenges.
These are having direct and indirect impact upon their profitability and brand image. According
to the viewpoint of McColl, Macgilchrist and Rafiq, 2020, it has been identified that every
convenient shop constantly faces challenge which is mainly related to inventory management,
managing merchandise and distribution network in order to retain consumer interest on
continuous basis. In context with McColl's convenience shop it has been defined that they are
facing major challenge which is related to handling of inventory in an effective manner and
management of channels of distribution in order to serve customers better. Due to the increase in
the trend of online and social media challenges convenient shop faces challenges to manage their
business activities, along with this quality and regulatory compliance is also acts as a challenge
which is affecting McColl's. In this it is essential for company to provide their product and
services with exclusive label and as per Government and consumer body regulatory measures.
This challenge is having direct impact upon company brand image. These are some of the certain
challenges that have been faced by McColl's convenient shop which is affecting them in number
of ways (Hjertquist and Jung, 2020). All these challenges are required to be effectively overcome
by respective convenient shop in order to ensure their long-term sustainability and profitability in
market.
Possible impact of Convenient Shops Supply Challenges on the customers
According to the viewpoint of Hjertquist and Jung, 2020, it has been evaluated that
convenience shops supply challenges such as inventory management, distribution network and
more are significantly having adverse impact upon consumers. Now a day’s consumers are living
busy lifestyles. This makes them to have more convenient shopping experience. Thus challenges
of convenient shops supply such as distribution network that causes delay in availability of
product and higher price affect purchasing behaviour of customers. This has been determined
that customers mainly focus upon price and quality while making their shopping decision thus
due to higher price and delay in availability of product in convenient shop make customers to
undertake use of online shopping in which they get qualitative product. Further it has also been
4
analysed that due to convince customers are also willing to pay more when it comes to personal
care items, pet supplies and groceries. Thus, convenient shops supply challenges are affecting
consumer shopping behaviour that makes them to shift their buying tend towards online and
supermarkets. In addition to this according to the perception of Nam and Kannan, 2020,
customers are attracted with different offers that changed their shopping experience, in this they
have access to buy quality product with reasonable price.
Most suitable measures and strategies for McColl's convenience shop to overcome the
Convenient Shops Supply Challenges in an effective manner
It is essential for McColl's convenient shop to effectively overcome the convenient shops
supply challenges in more effective and efficient manner. For this management of company can
undertake advantage of suitable strategies as well as measures. It has been identified that as
customers nowadays prefer more convenience as they are living busy life. In this it is essential
for McColl's convenient shop to have their own unique concept in which they can emphasize
more upon consumer time saving. According to the viewpoint of Munene, 2020, customers
mainly prefer to have shopping experience in limited time. In this, McColl's convenient shop can
also undertake advantage of reduction of cost in order to provide high quality and affordable
shopping experience to customers.
According to the perception of Yusof, Jusoh and Maulan, 2020, McColl's convenient
shop by focusing upon location can also assure maximum satisfaction of their customers. In
relation to this McColl's convenient shop with having efficient store visibility can affect decision
making of customers. In this company can select location of their store in those areas that save
total shopping cost and time of consumers. It effectively helps customers to maximize their
shopping experience. According to the viewpoint of Muema, 2020, location proves to be an
effective element that enhances customer’s experience of shopping. Thus, by focusing upon this
aspect McColl's convenient shop can maximise image of their retail store. With the help of the
strategy of having stores in location where customers have easy access to buy products McColl’s
convenient shop can effectively allow themselves to overcome convenient shop supply
challenges effectively.
In addition to this McColl’s convenient shop can also overcome convenient shops supply
challenges by providing excellent salesperson services to their customers. It not only maximizes
shopping experience of customers but also assure their loyalty towards store. With the help of
5
care items, pet supplies and groceries. Thus, convenient shops supply challenges are affecting
consumer shopping behaviour that makes them to shift their buying tend towards online and
supermarkets. In addition to this according to the perception of Nam and Kannan, 2020,
customers are attracted with different offers that changed their shopping experience, in this they
have access to buy quality product with reasonable price.
Most suitable measures and strategies for McColl's convenience shop to overcome the
Convenient Shops Supply Challenges in an effective manner
It is essential for McColl's convenient shop to effectively overcome the convenient shops
supply challenges in more effective and efficient manner. For this management of company can
undertake advantage of suitable strategies as well as measures. It has been identified that as
customers nowadays prefer more convenience as they are living busy life. In this it is essential
for McColl's convenient shop to have their own unique concept in which they can emphasize
more upon consumer time saving. According to the viewpoint of Munene, 2020, customers
mainly prefer to have shopping experience in limited time. In this, McColl's convenient shop can
also undertake advantage of reduction of cost in order to provide high quality and affordable
shopping experience to customers.
According to the perception of Yusof, Jusoh and Maulan, 2020, McColl's convenient
shop by focusing upon location can also assure maximum satisfaction of their customers. In
relation to this McColl's convenient shop with having efficient store visibility can affect decision
making of customers. In this company can select location of their store in those areas that save
total shopping cost and time of consumers. It effectively helps customers to maximize their
shopping experience. According to the viewpoint of Muema, 2020, location proves to be an
effective element that enhances customer’s experience of shopping. Thus, by focusing upon this
aspect McColl's convenient shop can maximise image of their retail store. With the help of the
strategy of having stores in location where customers have easy access to buy products McColl’s
convenient shop can effectively allow themselves to overcome convenient shop supply
challenges effectively.
In addition to this McColl’s convenient shop can also overcome convenient shops supply
challenges by providing excellent salesperson services to their customers. It not only maximizes
shopping experience of customers but also assure their loyalty towards store. With the help of
5
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effective salesperson services McColl’s convenient shop can ensure that customers are provided
with the proper and accurate knowledge of the use and other information of products which
increases their comfort of buying the products. With the help of this strategy McColl’s
convenient shop can ensure more loyalty as well as satisfaction from their consumers which also
enhance retail store sustainability and success for long period of time. With the help of
salesperson entity can provide customers with effective assistance while they buy products in
shop. It enhances consumer shopping experience, as sales person are well equipped with the
knowledge of products. Thus, with having friendly and helpful assistance of salesperson
customers can have better shopping experience comparatively to online channels.
In present competitive retail environment it is essential for convenience shop to focus upon
consumer service importance (Leung and Loo, 2020). For this McColl’s convenient shop is
required to provide high quality consumer service products and services to their consumers with
good consumer services as it helps in developing positive image among mindset of consumers.
In context with McColl’s convenient shop it is required for them to provide good after sales
service to their consumers in order to maintain and build a healthy relationship with them for
long-term sustainability of store. Along with this they are also required to provide customers
with easy payment options in order to provide them easy and time effective shopping experience
services. Convenient parking also plays an important role as with the help of ample parking
space strategy company can provide higher shopping satisfaction to their customers. It is one of
the most important strategy through which McColl’s convenient shop can overcome convenient
shops supply challenges. Along with this, by providing environment friendly shopping bags for
free to their customers entity can allow themselves to build positive and healthy relationship with
customers that also enhances their brand image in marketplace. Lastly McColl’s convenient shop
can overcome the challenges by providing easy return and exchange of goods facilities to
customers. It is one of the most effective strategy through which respective convenient shop can
gain maximum competitive advantages.
Chapter 3: Research Methodology
This sections forms a vital part research project which provided all crucial and needed
information about the research methods and approaches used for leading out and conducting a
research work. Research methodology represent a systemic and specific procedure to indentify
6
with the proper and accurate knowledge of the use and other information of products which
increases their comfort of buying the products. With the help of this strategy McColl’s
convenient shop can ensure more loyalty as well as satisfaction from their consumers which also
enhance retail store sustainability and success for long period of time. With the help of
salesperson entity can provide customers with effective assistance while they buy products in
shop. It enhances consumer shopping experience, as sales person are well equipped with the
knowledge of products. Thus, with having friendly and helpful assistance of salesperson
customers can have better shopping experience comparatively to online channels.
In present competitive retail environment it is essential for convenience shop to focus upon
consumer service importance (Leung and Loo, 2020). For this McColl’s convenient shop is
required to provide high quality consumer service products and services to their consumers with
good consumer services as it helps in developing positive image among mindset of consumers.
In context with McColl’s convenient shop it is required for them to provide good after sales
service to their consumers in order to maintain and build a healthy relationship with them for
long-term sustainability of store. Along with this they are also required to provide customers
with easy payment options in order to provide them easy and time effective shopping experience
services. Convenient parking also plays an important role as with the help of ample parking
space strategy company can provide higher shopping satisfaction to their customers. It is one of
the most important strategy through which McColl’s convenient shop can overcome convenient
shops supply challenges. Along with this, by providing environment friendly shopping bags for
free to their customers entity can allow themselves to build positive and healthy relationship with
customers that also enhances their brand image in marketplace. Lastly McColl’s convenient shop
can overcome the challenges by providing easy return and exchange of goods facilities to
customers. It is one of the most effective strategy through which respective convenient shop can
gain maximum competitive advantages.
Chapter 3: Research Methodology
This sections forms a vital part research project which provided all crucial and needed
information about the research methods and approaches used for leading out and conducting a
research work. Research methodology represent a systemic and specific procedure to indentify
6
and select method for effective collection, analysis and evaluation of information about a topic
(Ndlovu-Gatsheni, 2017). In order to ensure and facilitates appropriate selection of research
method for current investigation on McColl's convenience shop use of research onion is made
which ensures proper justification and reasons for selection of each methods and philosophies.
The research onion model was developed by the Saunders which describes the various stages that
are undergone by a researcher while developing and leading out an efficient methodology for an
investigation. A description and discussion about these stages of research onion are discussed
and evaluated below along with selection of appropriate research method for current
investigation lead out on the on McColl's convenience shop.
Figure 1: Research Onion, 2020.
Research philosophy- It represent and being the first and outermost layer of the Saunders’s
Research onion which represents the set of beliefs and principles about the way and phenomenon
used for collection of data and also represents the way of analysis and interpretation of
information related with a particular set of topic. The research philosophy layer of research onion
is divided and bifurcated into four main categories comprises of Pragmatism, Posistivitism,
Realism and Interpretivism out of which the most suitable one is adopted y the investigator on
the basis of nature of study and topic selected (VanKooten, 2019). The current study is based on
McColl's convenience shop and aim at evaluating the concept of Convenient Shops Supply
Challenges along with its Impact on Customers thus, a more theoretical and better understanding
about the attitude and behaviour of research is required. Therefore, selection and utilisation of
Interpretivism philosophy of research is most suitable as it support small samples for
7
(Ndlovu-Gatsheni, 2017). In order to ensure and facilitates appropriate selection of research
method for current investigation on McColl's convenience shop use of research onion is made
which ensures proper justification and reasons for selection of each methods and philosophies.
The research onion model was developed by the Saunders which describes the various stages that
are undergone by a researcher while developing and leading out an efficient methodology for an
investigation. A description and discussion about these stages of research onion are discussed
and evaluated below along with selection of appropriate research method for current
investigation lead out on the on McColl's convenience shop.
Figure 1: Research Onion, 2020.
Research philosophy- It represent and being the first and outermost layer of the Saunders’s
Research onion which represents the set of beliefs and principles about the way and phenomenon
used for collection of data and also represents the way of analysis and interpretation of
information related with a particular set of topic. The research philosophy layer of research onion
is divided and bifurcated into four main categories comprises of Pragmatism, Posistivitism,
Realism and Interpretivism out of which the most suitable one is adopted y the investigator on
the basis of nature of study and topic selected (VanKooten, 2019). The current study is based on
McColl's convenience shop and aim at evaluating the concept of Convenient Shops Supply
Challenges along with its Impact on Customers thus, a more theoretical and better understanding
about the attitude and behaviour of research is required. Therefore, selection and utilisation of
Interpretivism philosophy of research is most suitable as it support small samples for
7
investigation to conduct and lead out an in-depth study. Further, the reason behind making use of
Interpretivism philosophy also comprises of fact that it support qualitative form of data and
provides better understanding about the perceptive and behaviour of individuals through leading
a systematic way of investigation which support more reliable and authentic conclusion.
Research Approach- It represent the second layer of Saunders resrch onion which basically
comprises information about the plan and procedure that would be adopted by the investigator
and consists of steps of broad assumptions which relates with the detailed methods of data
gathering, analysis and interpretation during course of a study (Daniel and Harland, 2017). This
layer of research approach is bifurcated into two main types comprises of inductive and
deductive form of research approach out which inductive approach of research is more
appropriate with respect to current investigation on McColl's convenience shop. The main reason
for selection of inductive approach for current investigation is based on the fact that it facilitates
and concerned more about the generation of a new theory and better perceptive based on the
analysis and evaluation of theoretical set of information to meet and achieve set objectives in a
better and more effective manner.
Research strategies- It being the third layer of research onion which provides information
regarding the overall plan leads out by a research for efficiently conducting a research. Thus
research strategy provides a plan for researcher to guide with effective planning, execution and
monitoring of complete study. Research strategy basically comprises of techniques and tools
used for collection and analysis of data like action research, experimental research, Grounded
Theory, interviews, surveys, case study research, etc (Wiek and Lang, 2016). For current
investigation on McColl's convenience shop adoption of Grounded theory of research strategy is
made which provides and support a systematic inductive method to lead out and conduct
qualitative research in an effective manner which aim towards theory development. The research
strategy for current investigation comprises of a short and direct questionnaire comprising of
qualitative nature of method addressed with the help of interview.
Choices of method- There are three main types of research methods which comprises of
qualitative, quantitative and mixed method of research. Out of these methods, the qualitative
nature of research is mainly based on in-depth analysis of theoretical facts and documents and
also leads a better in-sight about the behaviour and attitude of participants. On the other hand,
quantitative nature of research is mainly based in numeric and quantifiable form of data that is
8
Interpretivism philosophy also comprises of fact that it support qualitative form of data and
provides better understanding about the perceptive and behaviour of individuals through leading
a systematic way of investigation which support more reliable and authentic conclusion.
Research Approach- It represent the second layer of Saunders resrch onion which basically
comprises information about the plan and procedure that would be adopted by the investigator
and consists of steps of broad assumptions which relates with the detailed methods of data
gathering, analysis and interpretation during course of a study (Daniel and Harland, 2017). This
layer of research approach is bifurcated into two main types comprises of inductive and
deductive form of research approach out which inductive approach of research is more
appropriate with respect to current investigation on McColl's convenience shop. The main reason
for selection of inductive approach for current investigation is based on the fact that it facilitates
and concerned more about the generation of a new theory and better perceptive based on the
analysis and evaluation of theoretical set of information to meet and achieve set objectives in a
better and more effective manner.
Research strategies- It being the third layer of research onion which provides information
regarding the overall plan leads out by a research for efficiently conducting a research. Thus
research strategy provides a plan for researcher to guide with effective planning, execution and
monitoring of complete study. Research strategy basically comprises of techniques and tools
used for collection and analysis of data like action research, experimental research, Grounded
Theory, interviews, surveys, case study research, etc (Wiek and Lang, 2016). For current
investigation on McColl's convenience shop adoption of Grounded theory of research strategy is
made which provides and support a systematic inductive method to lead out and conduct
qualitative research in an effective manner which aim towards theory development. The research
strategy for current investigation comprises of a short and direct questionnaire comprising of
qualitative nature of method addressed with the help of interview.
Choices of method- There are three main types of research methods which comprises of
qualitative, quantitative and mixed method of research. Out of these methods, the qualitative
nature of research is mainly based on in-depth analysis of theoretical facts and documents and
also leads a better in-sight about the behaviour and attitude of participants. On the other hand,
quantitative nature of research is mainly based in numeric and quantifiable form of data that is
8
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easy to collect and present but lack information about the nature and behaviour of respondents
(Phillips and Ritala, 2019). On the other side, the mixed nature of research comprises of use of
both qualitative as well as quantitative nature of research method. With regard to the current
investigation, the nature of study requires more in-depth and theoretical form of data to ensures
better evaluation of set objectives thus, utilisation of qualitative nature of research method is
made. The justification behind selection of qualitative research method is that it comprises of
collecting of non-numeric form of data which leads to better analysis and understanding of set
concepts, Opinion and other relevant experience. Thus, adoption of qualitative form of method is
most viable for current study to gather in-depth insight about the set topic and also leads to
generation of new ideas to reach ad accomplish a more effective and viable end result.
Time Horizons- This layer of research onion basically represents the set time frame and
expected term of conducting an investigation. Time Horizon layer is basically divided into two
types which consists of cross sectional horizons of time and longitudinal horizons of time
(VanKooten, 2019). The selection of longitudinal horizons of time does not seems appropriate
and suitable for current investigation on McColl's convenience shop as includes collection of
data on a repeatedly basis over a long period of time thus, it is more complex and time
consuming. Therefore, utilisation and adoption of Cross sectional form of time horizons are
made for current investigation which comprises of collection and analysis of data at a particular
point of time which helps in maintaining efficiency and effectiveness in completion of work.
Data collection and analysis- This represent the final and most vital layer of research onion
that provides information about the ways and sources used for collection of data along with its
analysis. With regard to current investigation, implication of both secondary and primary sources
of information is made a justification and reason for their adoption is provided below:
Primary source- This sources comprises of actual origin of data where information
is collected by researcher directly from the participants (Ndlovu-Gatsheni, 2017).
The reason and justification for use of primary sources of information comprises of
fact that it provides first hand data that is most authentic and reliable set of
information. Use of interview technique us made for collection data.
Secondary sources- This form of data collection comprises of gathering if
information from pre- exit sources such as past literature, article, newspaper,
journals, etc. The reason for making use of secondary sources of Information
9
(Phillips and Ritala, 2019). On the other side, the mixed nature of research comprises of use of
both qualitative as well as quantitative nature of research method. With regard to the current
investigation, the nature of study requires more in-depth and theoretical form of data to ensures
better evaluation of set objectives thus, utilisation of qualitative nature of research method is
made. The justification behind selection of qualitative research method is that it comprises of
collecting of non-numeric form of data which leads to better analysis and understanding of set
concepts, Opinion and other relevant experience. Thus, adoption of qualitative form of method is
most viable for current study to gather in-depth insight about the set topic and also leads to
generation of new ideas to reach ad accomplish a more effective and viable end result.
Time Horizons- This layer of research onion basically represents the set time frame and
expected term of conducting an investigation. Time Horizon layer is basically divided into two
types which consists of cross sectional horizons of time and longitudinal horizons of time
(VanKooten, 2019). The selection of longitudinal horizons of time does not seems appropriate
and suitable for current investigation on McColl's convenience shop as includes collection of
data on a repeatedly basis over a long period of time thus, it is more complex and time
consuming. Therefore, utilisation and adoption of Cross sectional form of time horizons are
made for current investigation which comprises of collection and analysis of data at a particular
point of time which helps in maintaining efficiency and effectiveness in completion of work.
Data collection and analysis- This represent the final and most vital layer of research onion
that provides information about the ways and sources used for collection of data along with its
analysis. With regard to current investigation, implication of both secondary and primary sources
of information is made a justification and reason for their adoption is provided below:
Primary source- This sources comprises of actual origin of data where information
is collected by researcher directly from the participants (Ndlovu-Gatsheni, 2017).
The reason and justification for use of primary sources of information comprises of
fact that it provides first hand data that is most authentic and reliable set of
information. Use of interview technique us made for collection data.
Secondary sources- This form of data collection comprises of gathering if
information from pre- exit sources such as past literature, article, newspaper,
journals, etc. The reason for making use of secondary sources of Information
9
consists of a justification that it provides a better framework and base for leading out
a study and investigation in an effective manner with the help of support from past
findings and research.
The analysis of primary set of data collected with the help of interview would be made
with the help if thematic approach. On the other side, analysis of secondary information collected
with the help of online journal and articles in made in the literature review section of current
investigation.
Research Tool
Various research tools can be used in order to conduct a research in an effective manner so
that high quality information can be collected which can then be interpreted so that research aims
and objectives can be achieved. Research tools that can be used by researcher are experiments,
surveys, case studies, interviews, questionnaires etc. which can help in collecting desired
information from desired set of respondents (Bozarth and Handfield, 2016). In this research the
tool which will be used is interview which can help in collecting qualitative information from the
desired respondents so that it can then be interpreted and the objectives of research can be
achieved. Interview is a formal one-to-one communication in which the interviewer asks some
pre-determined set of questions from interviewee so that desired information can be collected
from them.
Sampling
Sampling is a research technique which helps in selecting a desired number of people from
a large population so that research can be conducted on that sample and required information can
be achieved (Mangan and Lalwani, 2016). Through sampling research can be made highly
effective and less time consuming as research questions can be asked to a sample audience
having similar characteristics as the large population so that effective information can be gained.
In this research a sample of 6 respondents is chosen so as to carry out the interview.
Timescale
Use of below stated Gantt chart is made to represent the time sake and duration of each
activity involved in Current investigation.
10
a study and investigation in an effective manner with the help of support from past
findings and research.
The analysis of primary set of data collected with the help of interview would be made
with the help if thematic approach. On the other side, analysis of secondary information collected
with the help of online journal and articles in made in the literature review section of current
investigation.
Research Tool
Various research tools can be used in order to conduct a research in an effective manner so
that high quality information can be collected which can then be interpreted so that research aims
and objectives can be achieved. Research tools that can be used by researcher are experiments,
surveys, case studies, interviews, questionnaires etc. which can help in collecting desired
information from desired set of respondents (Bozarth and Handfield, 2016). In this research the
tool which will be used is interview which can help in collecting qualitative information from the
desired respondents so that it can then be interpreted and the objectives of research can be
achieved. Interview is a formal one-to-one communication in which the interviewer asks some
pre-determined set of questions from interviewee so that desired information can be collected
from them.
Sampling
Sampling is a research technique which helps in selecting a desired number of people from
a large population so that research can be conducted on that sample and required information can
be achieved (Mangan and Lalwani, 2016). Through sampling research can be made highly
effective and less time consuming as research questions can be asked to a sample audience
having similar characteristics as the large population so that effective information can be gained.
In this research a sample of 6 respondents is chosen so as to carry out the interview.
Timescale
Use of below stated Gantt chart is made to represent the time sake and duration of each
activity involved in Current investigation.
10
Resources
The main resources used for current investigation comprises of financial, human and
technical resources. The financial resources comprises of monetary funds used to meet the
expenses of current investigation. Human resources consist of members of teams along with
participants from which information is gathered to meet set objectives. The technical resources
consist of use of computer, internet and other tools like digital library, E-books, referee journal,
recorded interview, etc for collection and analysis of data.
Chapter 4: Data analysis and interpretation
In order to conduct research and collect data related with the research so that its aims and
objectives can be achieved following questionnaire can be prepared so that the sample audience
can be asked the questions which can help in collecting qualitative data from them:
11
The main resources used for current investigation comprises of financial, human and
technical resources. The financial resources comprises of monetary funds used to meet the
expenses of current investigation. Human resources consist of members of teams along with
participants from which information is gathered to meet set objectives. The technical resources
consist of use of computer, internet and other tools like digital library, E-books, referee journal,
recorded interview, etc for collection and analysis of data.
Chapter 4: Data analysis and interpretation
In order to conduct research and collect data related with the research so that its aims and
objectives can be achieved following questionnaire can be prepared so that the sample audience
can be asked the questions which can help in collecting qualitative data from them:
11
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Questionnaire
Q1) What do you understand by convenient shop?
Q2) What do you think make these shops convenient for customers?
Q3) Why are convenient shops important and how they help in contributing towards the
economy?
Q4) What are the challenges faced by convenient shops in meeting customer demands?
Q5) What are the challenges related with supply that is faced by convenient shops like
McColl’s?
Q6) How does the challenge of inefficient supply chain of convenient shops affect the
customers?
Q7) What are the ways which can help in dealing with the challenges of supply chain by these
shops?
Q8) How will dealing with supply chain challenges help in improving customer satisfaction?
Q9) What competitive advantage will McColl’s achieve through improving its supply chain?
Q10) How will improving supply chain affect the profitability of McColl’s?
Based on the questionnaire which was answered by the sample population following information
has been found which can help in making interpretations related with each of the questions in the
following manner:
Theme1: Concept of convenient shop
Interpretation: During the course of investigation and based on interview from 6 employees of
McColl’s it can be said that maximum employees said that it is a small shop which stocks
everyday items ranging from groceries and general merchandise so that customers can be given
with convenience of small distance along with their approach to everyday usable items (Hong,
Zhang and Ding 2018). These shops are also effective when customers have to purchase items in
small quantity and also these shops can be opened within approachable distance so that high
customer satisfaction can be achieved. Also this will help in improving the availability of
products which are of use for the customers.
Theme 2: Convenience to customers
Interpretation: During research through interview maximum participants said that small retail
shops give convenience to customers in many ways like they help in making goods available to
customers within approachable distance so that daily merchandise can be purchased by them
12
Q1) What do you understand by convenient shop?
Q2) What do you think make these shops convenient for customers?
Q3) Why are convenient shops important and how they help in contributing towards the
economy?
Q4) What are the challenges faced by convenient shops in meeting customer demands?
Q5) What are the challenges related with supply that is faced by convenient shops like
McColl’s?
Q6) How does the challenge of inefficient supply chain of convenient shops affect the
customers?
Q7) What are the ways which can help in dealing with the challenges of supply chain by these
shops?
Q8) How will dealing with supply chain challenges help in improving customer satisfaction?
Q9) What competitive advantage will McColl’s achieve through improving its supply chain?
Q10) How will improving supply chain affect the profitability of McColl’s?
Based on the questionnaire which was answered by the sample population following information
has been found which can help in making interpretations related with each of the questions in the
following manner:
Theme1: Concept of convenient shop
Interpretation: During the course of investigation and based on interview from 6 employees of
McColl’s it can be said that maximum employees said that it is a small shop which stocks
everyday items ranging from groceries and general merchandise so that customers can be given
with convenience of small distance along with their approach to everyday usable items (Hong,
Zhang and Ding 2018). These shops are also effective when customers have to purchase items in
small quantity and also these shops can be opened within approachable distance so that high
customer satisfaction can be achieved. Also this will help in improving the availability of
products which are of use for the customers.
Theme 2: Convenience to customers
Interpretation: During research through interview maximum participants said that small retail
shops give convenience to customers in many ways like they help in making goods available to
customers within approachable distance so that daily merchandise can be purchased by them
12
which can help in increasing customer satisfaction (Luthra and Mangla, 2018). Also these stores
save the money and efforts that the customers need to put in for purchasing their required items.
Small quantities of items can be purchased which further increase the convenience of customers
as they do not have to buy stock in bulk. Also this help in decreasing the impulsive purchasing
among customers which they generally have when they visit large retailers or supermarkets
which also affect their spending power.
Theme3: Importance of convenient shops
Interpretation: Based on the discussions with participants during the interview it was found that
most of the participants are of the view that convenient shops play an important role in
contributing towards economy as these shops help in generating income which can help in
raising the standard of living of people. Also these shops require little investment which means
that these can be opened by anyone who wishes to be an entrepreneur which can increase the
ability of people in becoming self dependent (Song and Gao, 2018). These shops also help in
increasing employment in economy which is important towards enhancing the capability of
people to purchase the required goods and maintain high standards of living. Further these shops
are present in large number which means they increase the tax collection by government which
can be used for funding the development projects in a country.
Theme4: Challenges in meeting customer demands
Interpretation: Most of the members during the investigation said that there are various
challenges that are faced by convenient shops which also affect their ability in increasing
customer satisfaction like limited store size which means that only a limited stock can be stuffed
in these stores (Kache and Seuring, 2017). This affect the way in which the products are priced
so that the profitability of stores can be increased along with increasing customer satisfaction by
offering them with products at high quality and low costs. Also this affect the engagement with
customers due to small size of store which means that little staff can be employed which affect
their engagement with customers so that they can be given attention as per their requirements.
Also as they have limited stock which can lead to loss of customers to other shop that is able to
effectively stock products as per customer demand. Also as there are many convenient stores
within approachable distance of customers which means that it can increase competition that can
also affect their ability in pricing the products competitively.
Theme5: Challenges related with supply chain
13
save the money and efforts that the customers need to put in for purchasing their required items.
Small quantities of items can be purchased which further increase the convenience of customers
as they do not have to buy stock in bulk. Also this help in decreasing the impulsive purchasing
among customers which they generally have when they visit large retailers or supermarkets
which also affect their spending power.
Theme3: Importance of convenient shops
Interpretation: Based on the discussions with participants during the interview it was found that
most of the participants are of the view that convenient shops play an important role in
contributing towards economy as these shops help in generating income which can help in
raising the standard of living of people. Also these shops require little investment which means
that these can be opened by anyone who wishes to be an entrepreneur which can increase the
ability of people in becoming self dependent (Song and Gao, 2018). These shops also help in
increasing employment in economy which is important towards enhancing the capability of
people to purchase the required goods and maintain high standards of living. Further these shops
are present in large number which means they increase the tax collection by government which
can be used for funding the development projects in a country.
Theme4: Challenges in meeting customer demands
Interpretation: Most of the members during the investigation said that there are various
challenges that are faced by convenient shops which also affect their ability in increasing
customer satisfaction like limited store size which means that only a limited stock can be stuffed
in these stores (Kache and Seuring, 2017). This affect the way in which the products are priced
so that the profitability of stores can be increased along with increasing customer satisfaction by
offering them with products at high quality and low costs. Also this affect the engagement with
customers due to small size of store which means that little staff can be employed which affect
their engagement with customers so that they can be given attention as per their requirements.
Also as they have limited stock which can lead to loss of customers to other shop that is able to
effectively stock products as per customer demand. Also as there are many convenient stores
within approachable distance of customers which means that it can increase competition that can
also affect their ability in pricing the products competitively.
Theme5: Challenges related with supply chain
13
Interpretation: During the interview it was found that maximum number of respondents said that
McColl’s which is a small convenience store can face challenge related with inefficient supply
chain management which can affect its ability in reaching to the customers at right time and at
right place which can help in increasing customer satisfaction (Fontes and Freires, 2018). This
lead to various challenges like increased costs throughout the supply chain as ineffective supply
chain can affect the ability of these shops in meeting the needs of customers. The complexity of
supply chain due to multiple channels to market can also affect the ability of acquiring the
required products by these shops on time. With the increased use of advanced technology the
demand of customers related with speedy delivery of products has increased along with
increased demand for high quality of products and services which must be provide to them. Also
the cost of labours has increased throughout the supply chain which leads to the increase in price
of products thereby affecting customer satisfaction.
Theme6: Inefficient supply chain affecting customers
Interpretation: While taking interview it was found that maximum number of participants were
of the view that inefficient supply chain can negatively impact on the level of customer
satisfaction as this can lead to ineffectiveness of these shops in meeting the requirements of
customers on time. Also this can lead to increased competition in market along with inability of
the store in monitoring its prices in an efficient manner(Queiroz and Wamba, 2019)x. The
customers can also turn to other stores which can increase competition in market thereby
affecting the ability of McColl’s in becoming a leader in market in its respective business area.
Customers are also keen at receiving their delivery on time and in high quality and speedy
manner which has changed business trend in market and can also lead to decreased sales and
profits of the shop.
Theme7: Ways to deal with challenges of supply chain
Interpretation: Through the interview conducted it was found that maximum number of
participants is of the view that in order to remain sustainable and successful in market it is
important that supply chain of an organisation is improved. Effective supply chain plays an
important role in increasing the competitiveness of retail stores in market as they help in
improving the speed and delivery system of the stores along with enhancing the quality of
services and products given to customers. It is therefore important that effective strategies are
14
McColl’s which is a small convenience store can face challenge related with inefficient supply
chain management which can affect its ability in reaching to the customers at right time and at
right place which can help in increasing customer satisfaction (Fontes and Freires, 2018). This
lead to various challenges like increased costs throughout the supply chain as ineffective supply
chain can affect the ability of these shops in meeting the needs of customers. The complexity of
supply chain due to multiple channels to market can also affect the ability of acquiring the
required products by these shops on time. With the increased use of advanced technology the
demand of customers related with speedy delivery of products has increased along with
increased demand for high quality of products and services which must be provide to them. Also
the cost of labours has increased throughout the supply chain which leads to the increase in price
of products thereby affecting customer satisfaction.
Theme6: Inefficient supply chain affecting customers
Interpretation: While taking interview it was found that maximum number of participants were
of the view that inefficient supply chain can negatively impact on the level of customer
satisfaction as this can lead to ineffectiveness of these shops in meeting the requirements of
customers on time. Also this can lead to increased competition in market along with inability of
the store in monitoring its prices in an efficient manner(Queiroz and Wamba, 2019)x. The
customers can also turn to other stores which can increase competition in market thereby
affecting the ability of McColl’s in becoming a leader in market in its respective business area.
Customers are also keen at receiving their delivery on time and in high quality and speedy
manner which has changed business trend in market and can also lead to decreased sales and
profits of the shop.
Theme7: Ways to deal with challenges of supply chain
Interpretation: Through the interview conducted it was found that maximum number of
participants is of the view that in order to remain sustainable and successful in market it is
important that supply chain of an organisation is improved. Effective supply chain plays an
important role in increasing the competitiveness of retail stores in market as they help in
improving the speed and delivery system of the stores along with enhancing the quality of
services and products given to customers. It is therefore important that effective strategies are
14
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implemented in McColl’s so that its supply chain management can be enhanced which can help
in increasing its competitiveness in market (Queiroz and Wamba, 2019). It is important that
highly effective and strong relations are built with the suppliers so that high quality of products
can be received from them at affordable prices. Also the internet of things (IoT) can be used by
McColl’s so that with the use of technology the transportation of materials can be improved
along with enhancing the quality and productivity of labours. Regular review throughout the
supply chain can also help in improving the efficiency of supply chain throughout so that desired
efficiency can be achieved in the products that are to be stocked in shops.
Theme8: Improving customer satisfaction
Interpretation: Through the interview it can be interpreted that maximum number of participants
gave positive response regarding the increase in customer satisfaction through improved supply
chain which is also important in increasing profitability of organisation. It is important that
McColl’s identify challenges that it face related with supply chain which can help it in taking
efficient actions so that high quality results can be achieved (Wiengarten and McIvor, 2016).
McColl’s must implement the strategies and methods that can help it in enhancing its
effectiveness in receiving the desired products which can be further delivered to customers. This
can also help in reaching to target customers in right place and at right time that can help in
increasing their satisfaction.
Theme9: Competitive advantage through improved supply chain
Interpretation: As per the responses received during interview from various participants it can
be said that maximum number of participants are of the view that supply chain is an effective
tool in modern world in improving the competitiveness of a company in market. McColl’s can
implement lean principles and six sigma so that the supply chain can be efficiently managed
which can help in enhancing the way in which customer demands are met (Schmidt and Wagner,
2019). These steps can improve each stage related with supply chain of a company so that the
delivery of products can be improved which is essential in monitoring and controlling the
movement of goods so that high quality stock is delivered to the customers. As the customer
experience and their satisfaction levels get increased the competitive advantage can be achieved
by McColl’s which can improve its market share along with enhancing its profitability.
Theme10: Supply chain affecting profitability
15
in increasing its competitiveness in market (Queiroz and Wamba, 2019). It is important that
highly effective and strong relations are built with the suppliers so that high quality of products
can be received from them at affordable prices. Also the internet of things (IoT) can be used by
McColl’s so that with the use of technology the transportation of materials can be improved
along with enhancing the quality and productivity of labours. Regular review throughout the
supply chain can also help in improving the efficiency of supply chain throughout so that desired
efficiency can be achieved in the products that are to be stocked in shops.
Theme8: Improving customer satisfaction
Interpretation: Through the interview it can be interpreted that maximum number of participants
gave positive response regarding the increase in customer satisfaction through improved supply
chain which is also important in increasing profitability of organisation. It is important that
McColl’s identify challenges that it face related with supply chain which can help it in taking
efficient actions so that high quality results can be achieved (Wiengarten and McIvor, 2016).
McColl’s must implement the strategies and methods that can help it in enhancing its
effectiveness in receiving the desired products which can be further delivered to customers. This
can also help in reaching to target customers in right place and at right time that can help in
increasing their satisfaction.
Theme9: Competitive advantage through improved supply chain
Interpretation: As per the responses received during interview from various participants it can
be said that maximum number of participants are of the view that supply chain is an effective
tool in modern world in improving the competitiveness of a company in market. McColl’s can
implement lean principles and six sigma so that the supply chain can be efficiently managed
which can help in enhancing the way in which customer demands are met (Schmidt and Wagner,
2019). These steps can improve each stage related with supply chain of a company so that the
delivery of products can be improved which is essential in monitoring and controlling the
movement of goods so that high quality stock is delivered to the customers. As the customer
experience and their satisfaction levels get increased the competitive advantage can be achieved
by McColl’s which can improve its market share along with enhancing its profitability.
Theme10: Supply chain affecting profitability
15
Interpretation: Through the interview questions and based on the view points of participants it
can be said that maximum number of respondents are of the view that profitability and supply
chain are interlinked and so it is important that effective management of supply chain is done by
companies (Aslam and Azhar, 2018). This can improve the ability of convenient stores in
fulfilling the changing needs and wants of customers by stocking their stores with requirement of
customers in market. Profits can increase because of this as the sales can be increased based on
effective supply chain which is also important in making improvement in value provided to the
customers. Increased customer value can enhance the ability of stores in generating high sales so
that the profits of company can increase.
Chapter 5: Research findings
Based on the above research it can be said that convenience stores play an important role in
effectively meeting the daily needs of customers along with contributing towards the economy of
the country by job generation. Also it gives individuals an opportunity to become an
entrepreneur by opening their own retail stores which can help in fulfilling the day-to-day needs
of customers and providing them with groceries and general merchandise. These stores give high
convenience to customers as they do not have to travel for long distances in order to reach the
supermarkets on a daily basis as they can get required goods from their nearby shops which save
their time and money (Qi and Yeung, 2017). In order to remain competitive in market it is
important that these shops continuously improve their supply chain management by making
strong and effective relations with suppliers so that required products can be delivered to
customers on time. Further it can be said that the challenges also affect the ineffectiveness of
stores in fulfilling customer needs which can have negative impact on the customers and
deteriorate the image of stores in market along with affecting their profitability.
It is important that the supply chain challenges faced by an organisation are identified which
can help in making effective improvements so that the supply chain can be improved which can
help in increasing profits of the organisation through increased sales (Martins and Pato, 2019).
Various challenges that are faced in supply chain by the small convenient shops are increased
cost at each stage of the supply chain as the labour costs increase at each stage. Also the quality,
delivery time and speed, tracking of the supply chain etc. are the various challenges that are
faced by these shops in their supply chain which needs to be managed so that highly effective
results can be achieved. Supply chain provides competitive advantage in today’s’ market and
16
can be said that maximum number of respondents are of the view that profitability and supply
chain are interlinked and so it is important that effective management of supply chain is done by
companies (Aslam and Azhar, 2018). This can improve the ability of convenient stores in
fulfilling the changing needs and wants of customers by stocking their stores with requirement of
customers in market. Profits can increase because of this as the sales can be increased based on
effective supply chain which is also important in making improvement in value provided to the
customers. Increased customer value can enhance the ability of stores in generating high sales so
that the profits of company can increase.
Chapter 5: Research findings
Based on the above research it can be said that convenience stores play an important role in
effectively meeting the daily needs of customers along with contributing towards the economy of
the country by job generation. Also it gives individuals an opportunity to become an
entrepreneur by opening their own retail stores which can help in fulfilling the day-to-day needs
of customers and providing them with groceries and general merchandise. These stores give high
convenience to customers as they do not have to travel for long distances in order to reach the
supermarkets on a daily basis as they can get required goods from their nearby shops which save
their time and money (Qi and Yeung, 2017). In order to remain competitive in market it is
important that these shops continuously improve their supply chain management by making
strong and effective relations with suppliers so that required products can be delivered to
customers on time. Further it can be said that the challenges also affect the ineffectiveness of
stores in fulfilling customer needs which can have negative impact on the customers and
deteriorate the image of stores in market along with affecting their profitability.
It is important that the supply chain challenges faced by an organisation are identified which
can help in making effective improvements so that the supply chain can be improved which can
help in increasing profits of the organisation through increased sales (Martins and Pato, 2019).
Various challenges that are faced in supply chain by the small convenient shops are increased
cost at each stage of the supply chain as the labour costs increase at each stage. Also the quality,
delivery time and speed, tracking of the supply chain etc. are the various challenges that are
faced by these shops in their supply chain which needs to be managed so that highly effective
results can be achieved. Supply chain provides competitive advantage in today’s’ market and
16
also help in making the products available to customers within sufficient time and at the desired
place. Various effective methods and strategies can be implemented in order to improve supply
chain management in stores like identifying suppliers that can deliver required quality of goods
and services effectively within time, building highly efficient and loyal relations with them,
integration of sales, operations and finances so that supply chain can be efficiently improved (Lii
and Kuo, 2016). These ways can help in making the supply chain highly efficient and also lead
to increased customer satisfaction by reaching to the customers on time. Implementation of
technologies can also help in improving the way in which monitoring and controlling of supply
chain is done which is essential in managing the supply chain of organisation.
Chapter 6: Conclusion and Recommendations
From the above report it can be concluded that convenient stores face a variety of challenges
related with supply chain which affect their ability in meeting customer demands in an efficient
manner. It is important that the issues that are faced in relation with supply chain are identified
so that effective actions can be taken which can help in improving the delivery of goods and
services on time to the customers so that highly effective results can be achieved. Also it is
important that during research effective research methods, tools and techniques are used by
researcher which can help in collection of highly effective information from various sources so
that research aims and objectives can be achieved. This can also help in making improvement in
the organisation on which research is conducted so that high profitability and productivity can
take place within the organisation. This can also help in enhancing the quality and efficiency of
research as the research results can be made highly efficient through efficiently dealing with
changing market conditions which can help in making improvement in the research results.
Based on the interview conducted and qualitative information achieved by the way of
interview questions following recommendations can be given to McColl’s so that it can improve
its supply chain an deal with the challenges faced in supply chain management:
Improving relations with the suppliers so that string relations can be built with them
which can help in gaining high quality products from these suppliers at affordable prices
which can also enhance the competitiveness of the company in market. also this can build
a goodwill in market by making good relations with the suppliers so that a large number
of suppliers can be contacted and best deals can be selected (Panda, Modak and
Cárdenas-Barrón, 2017).
17
place. Various effective methods and strategies can be implemented in order to improve supply
chain management in stores like identifying suppliers that can deliver required quality of goods
and services effectively within time, building highly efficient and loyal relations with them,
integration of sales, operations and finances so that supply chain can be efficiently improved (Lii
and Kuo, 2016). These ways can help in making the supply chain highly efficient and also lead
to increased customer satisfaction by reaching to the customers on time. Implementation of
technologies can also help in improving the way in which monitoring and controlling of supply
chain is done which is essential in managing the supply chain of organisation.
Chapter 6: Conclusion and Recommendations
From the above report it can be concluded that convenient stores face a variety of challenges
related with supply chain which affect their ability in meeting customer demands in an efficient
manner. It is important that the issues that are faced in relation with supply chain are identified
so that effective actions can be taken which can help in improving the delivery of goods and
services on time to the customers so that highly effective results can be achieved. Also it is
important that during research effective research methods, tools and techniques are used by
researcher which can help in collection of highly effective information from various sources so
that research aims and objectives can be achieved. This can also help in making improvement in
the organisation on which research is conducted so that high profitability and productivity can
take place within the organisation. This can also help in enhancing the quality and efficiency of
research as the research results can be made highly efficient through efficiently dealing with
changing market conditions which can help in making improvement in the research results.
Based on the interview conducted and qualitative information achieved by the way of
interview questions following recommendations can be given to McColl’s so that it can improve
its supply chain an deal with the challenges faced in supply chain management:
Improving relations with the suppliers so that string relations can be built with them
which can help in gaining high quality products from these suppliers at affordable prices
which can also enhance the competitiveness of the company in market. also this can build
a goodwill in market by making good relations with the suppliers so that a large number
of suppliers can be contacted and best deals can be selected (Panda, Modak and
Cárdenas-Barrón, 2017).
17
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Effective communication network needs to be established which can help in monitoring
the supply chain throughout through effective communication which also help in
improving the productivity of company. Also this can help in linking all the stages of
supply chain so that the products can be tracked and they can reach to the customers on
time.
Just-in-time can be implemented by McColl’s so that the supply chain can be integrated
along with reaching to the target customers on time and at the right place which is
important in enhancing customer satisfaction.
Chapter 7: Reflection
The current study lead out by me in the topic of Convenient Shops Supply Challenges
and Impact on Customers is highly informative and knowledge for me which has enhanced my
knowledge about the concept of convenient shop and challenges faced by them along with its
implication and impact in services provided to customers. Use of various efficient modes of
research methodology was made by me which consists of use of Interpretivism philosophy which
supported conduction of an in-depth form of research to achieve better analysis of perspective
and behaviour of participants. Further, adoption of inductive approach is also viable for current
study as it facilitates a mores systematic way of investigation to develop a new theory based on
theoretical and in-depth information. Utilisation of grounded theory of research strategy had also
supported effective planning, execution and monitoring of data collection and analysis through
use of interview as research tool.
Adoption of qualitative set of research method was also very helpful for me that supported
gathering of theoretical and in-depth information to draw a valid analysis about the behaviour
and nature of participants to accomplish set objectives. Apart from this, making use of Interview
as research tool was also suitable and justifiable as it provided a better communication and
interaction among researcher and participants to gather valid and more relevant information
associated with current research topic which supported findings of my investigation in more
efficient and effective way. At last, use of random method of sampling was also made by me
which leads to an efficient process for selection of participants for current investigation in order
to complete current research work in an efficient and effective way through leading small
number of observation of analysis and evaluation. Further, utilisation of random sampling
method also reduces the chances of biasness from investigation through providing equal chances
18
the supply chain throughout through effective communication which also help in
improving the productivity of company. Also this can help in linking all the stages of
supply chain so that the products can be tracked and they can reach to the customers on
time.
Just-in-time can be implemented by McColl’s so that the supply chain can be integrated
along with reaching to the target customers on time and at the right place which is
important in enhancing customer satisfaction.
Chapter 7: Reflection
The current study lead out by me in the topic of Convenient Shops Supply Challenges
and Impact on Customers is highly informative and knowledge for me which has enhanced my
knowledge about the concept of convenient shop and challenges faced by them along with its
implication and impact in services provided to customers. Use of various efficient modes of
research methodology was made by me which consists of use of Interpretivism philosophy which
supported conduction of an in-depth form of research to achieve better analysis of perspective
and behaviour of participants. Further, adoption of inductive approach is also viable for current
study as it facilitates a mores systematic way of investigation to develop a new theory based on
theoretical and in-depth information. Utilisation of grounded theory of research strategy had also
supported effective planning, execution and monitoring of data collection and analysis through
use of interview as research tool.
Adoption of qualitative set of research method was also very helpful for me that supported
gathering of theoretical and in-depth information to draw a valid analysis about the behaviour
and nature of participants to accomplish set objectives. Apart from this, making use of Interview
as research tool was also suitable and justifiable as it provided a better communication and
interaction among researcher and participants to gather valid and more relevant information
associated with current research topic which supported findings of my investigation in more
efficient and effective way. At last, use of random method of sampling was also made by me
which leads to an efficient process for selection of participants for current investigation in order
to complete current research work in an efficient and effective way through leading small
number of observation of analysis and evaluation. Further, utilisation of random sampling
method also reduces the chances of biasness from investigation through providing equal chances
18
of selection for all units. Thus, implication and utilisation of current research method supported
and facilitated an efficient study to meet set objectives in a viable and efficient way.
The limitation associated with the current investigation comprises of lack of sufficient
amount of resources and time for leading out a detail investigation. Thus, to overcome these
issues time and resource management implication of Gantt chart and effective planning about
resources is made which promotes better bifurcation and distribution of resources and time
among various tasks to ensures efficient and effective completion of current investigation.
Further, maintaining the authenticity and reliability of data along with maintaining ethical
consideration are also the issues identified for current investigation. Therefore utilisation of data
protection act has been made along with taking a written consent and approval from all
participants to form current investigation in a viable and ethical way.
19
and facilitated an efficient study to meet set objectives in a viable and efficient way.
The limitation associated with the current investigation comprises of lack of sufficient
amount of resources and time for leading out a detail investigation. Thus, to overcome these
issues time and resource management implication of Gantt chart and effective planning about
resources is made which promotes better bifurcation and distribution of resources and time
among various tasks to ensures efficient and effective completion of current investigation.
Further, maintaining the authenticity and reliability of data along with maintaining ethical
consideration are also the issues identified for current investigation. Therefore utilisation of data
protection act has been made along with taking a written consent and approval from all
participants to form current investigation in a viable and ethical way.
19
REFERENCES
Books and journal
Septiani, S., Setiawan, A. and Farhana, F., 2020. THE ROLE OF DINING ATMOSPHERE IN
SHAPING CONSUMER TRUST AND LOYALTY TO IMPROVE THE
COMPETITIVENESS OF LOCAL COFFEE SHOPS. Jurnal Aplikasi
Manajemen, 18(3).
Erler, M., Keck, M. and Dittrich, C., 2020. The changing meaning of millets: Organic shops and
distinctive consumption practices in Bengaluru, India. Journal of Consumer Culture,
p.1469540520902508.
McColl, R., Macgilchrist, R. and Rafiq, S., 2020. Estimating cannibalizing effects of sales
promotions: The impact of price cuts and store type. Journal of Retailing and Consumer
Services, 53, p.101982.
Hjertquist, J. and Jung, S., 2020. Effortless shopping: A qualitative study of Gen Z's shopping
behaviour and how they value the environmental sustainability in the fashion industry.
Jain, G and et. al., 2020. Blockchain in logistics industry: in fizz customer trust or not. Journal of
Enterprise Information Management.
Nam, H. and Kannan, P.K., 2020. Digital Environment in Global Markets: Cross-Cultural
Implications for Evolving Customer Journeys. Journal of International Marketing, 28(1),
pp.28-47.
Munene, S.W., 2020. Differentiation Strategies and Customer Retention in Kenyan Commercial
Banks: A Survey of Tier One Banks (Doctoral dissertation, United States International
University-Africa).
Yusof, Y.L.M., Jusoh, W.J.W. and Maulan, S., 2020. Perceived quality association as
determinant to re-patronise Shariah-compliant brand restaurants. Journal of Islamic
Marketing.
Muema, F.S., 2020. Strategies Used by Retail Business Managers to Address Disruptive
Changes in Technology.
Zainuddin, N. and Gordon, R., 2020. Value creation and destruction in social marketing services:
a review and research agenda. Journal of Services Marketing.
Leung, R. and Loo, P.T., 2020. Co-creating interactive dining experiences via interconnected and
interoperable smart technology. Asian Journal of Technology Innovation, pp.1-23.
Ndlovu-Gatsheni, S., 2017. Decolonising research methodology must include undoing its dirty
history. Journal of Public Administration, 52(Special Issue 1), pp.186-188.
VanKooten, C., 2019. A research methodology of interdependence through video as method.
Computers and Composition, 54, p.102514.
Daniel, B.K. and Harland, T., 2017. Higher education research methodology: A step-by-step
guide to the research process. Routledge.
Wiek, A. and Lang, D.J., 2016. Transformational sustainability research methodology. In
Sustainability science (pp. 31-41). Springer, Dordrecht.
Phillips, M.A. and Ritala, P., 2019. A complex adaptive systems agenda for ecosystem research
methodology. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 148, p.119739.
Bozarth, C.C. and Handfield, R.B., 2016. Introduction to operations and supply chain
management. Pearson.
Mangan, J. and Lalwani, C.C., 2016. Global logistics and supply chain management. John Wiley
& Sons.
20
Books and journal
Septiani, S., Setiawan, A. and Farhana, F., 2020. THE ROLE OF DINING ATMOSPHERE IN
SHAPING CONSUMER TRUST AND LOYALTY TO IMPROVE THE
COMPETITIVENESS OF LOCAL COFFEE SHOPS. Jurnal Aplikasi
Manajemen, 18(3).
Erler, M., Keck, M. and Dittrich, C., 2020. The changing meaning of millets: Organic shops and
distinctive consumption practices in Bengaluru, India. Journal of Consumer Culture,
p.1469540520902508.
McColl, R., Macgilchrist, R. and Rafiq, S., 2020. Estimating cannibalizing effects of sales
promotions: The impact of price cuts and store type. Journal of Retailing and Consumer
Services, 53, p.101982.
Hjertquist, J. and Jung, S., 2020. Effortless shopping: A qualitative study of Gen Z's shopping
behaviour and how they value the environmental sustainability in the fashion industry.
Jain, G and et. al., 2020. Blockchain in logistics industry: in fizz customer trust or not. Journal of
Enterprise Information Management.
Nam, H. and Kannan, P.K., 2020. Digital Environment in Global Markets: Cross-Cultural
Implications for Evolving Customer Journeys. Journal of International Marketing, 28(1),
pp.28-47.
Munene, S.W., 2020. Differentiation Strategies and Customer Retention in Kenyan Commercial
Banks: A Survey of Tier One Banks (Doctoral dissertation, United States International
University-Africa).
Yusof, Y.L.M., Jusoh, W.J.W. and Maulan, S., 2020. Perceived quality association as
determinant to re-patronise Shariah-compliant brand restaurants. Journal of Islamic
Marketing.
Muema, F.S., 2020. Strategies Used by Retail Business Managers to Address Disruptive
Changes in Technology.
Zainuddin, N. and Gordon, R., 2020. Value creation and destruction in social marketing services:
a review and research agenda. Journal of Services Marketing.
Leung, R. and Loo, P.T., 2020. Co-creating interactive dining experiences via interconnected and
interoperable smart technology. Asian Journal of Technology Innovation, pp.1-23.
Ndlovu-Gatsheni, S., 2017. Decolonising research methodology must include undoing its dirty
history. Journal of Public Administration, 52(Special Issue 1), pp.186-188.
VanKooten, C., 2019. A research methodology of interdependence through video as method.
Computers and Composition, 54, p.102514.
Daniel, B.K. and Harland, T., 2017. Higher education research methodology: A step-by-step
guide to the research process. Routledge.
Wiek, A. and Lang, D.J., 2016. Transformational sustainability research methodology. In
Sustainability science (pp. 31-41). Springer, Dordrecht.
Phillips, M.A. and Ritala, P., 2019. A complex adaptive systems agenda for ecosystem research
methodology. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 148, p.119739.
Bozarth, C.C. and Handfield, R.B., 2016. Introduction to operations and supply chain
management. Pearson.
Mangan, J. and Lalwani, C.C., 2016. Global logistics and supply chain management. John Wiley
& Sons.
20
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Hong, J., Zhang, Y. and Ding, M., 2018. Sustainable supply chain management practices, supply
chain dynamic capabilities, and enterprise performance. Journal of Cleaner
Production, 172, pp.3508-3519.
Luthra, S. and Mangla, S.K., 2018. Evaluating challenges to Industry 4.0 initiatives for supply
chain sustainability in emerging economies. Process Safety and Environmental
Protection, 117, pp.168-179.
Song, H. and Gao, X., 2018. Green supply chain game model and analysis under revenue-sharing
contract. Journal of Cleaner Production, 170, pp.183-192.
Kache, F. and Seuring, S., 2017. Challenges and opportunities of digital information at the
intersection of Big Data Analytics and supply chain management. International Journal
of Operations & Production Management.
Fontes, C.H.D.O. and Freires, F.G.M., 2018. Sustainable and renewable energy supply chain: A
system dynamics overview. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82, pp.247-259.
Queiroz, M.M. and Wamba, S.F., 2019. Blockchain adoption challenges in supply chain: An
empirical investigation of the main drivers in India and the USA. International Journal of
Information Management, 46, pp.70-82.
Wiengarten, F., Humphreys, P., Gimenez, C. and McIvor, R., 2016. Risk, risk management
practices, and the success of supply chain integration. International Journal of
Production Economics, 171, pp.361-370.
Schmidt, C.G. and Wagner, S.M., 2019. Blockchain and supply chain relations: A transaction
cost theory perspective. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 25(4),
p.100552.
Aslam, H., Blome, C., Roscoe, S. and Azhar, T.M., 2018. Dynamic supply chain
capabilities. International Journal of Operations & Production Management.
Qi, Y., Huo, B., Wang, Z. and Yeung, H.Y.J., 2017. The impact of operations and supply chain
strategies on integration and performance. International Journal of Production
Economics, 185, pp.162-174.
Martins, C.L. and Pato, M.V., 2019. Supply chain sustainability: A tertiary literature
review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 225, pp.995-1016.
Lii, P. and Kuo, F.I., 2016. Innovation-oriented supply chain integration for combined
competitiveness and firm performance. International Journal of Production
Economics, 174, pp.142-155.
Panda, S., Modak, N.M. and Cárdenas-Barrón, L.E., 2017. Coordinating a socially responsible
closed-loop supply chain with product recycling. International Journal of Production
Economics, 188, pp.11-21.
Online:
Convenience Store – Definition And Examples. 2020. [Online] Available Through:<
https://www.marketing91.com/convenience-store/>
McColl’s Corporate website. 2020. [Online] Available
Through:<https://www.mccollsplc.co.uk/>
21
chain dynamic capabilities, and enterprise performance. Journal of Cleaner
Production, 172, pp.3508-3519.
Luthra, S. and Mangla, S.K., 2018. Evaluating challenges to Industry 4.0 initiatives for supply
chain sustainability in emerging economies. Process Safety and Environmental
Protection, 117, pp.168-179.
Song, H. and Gao, X., 2018. Green supply chain game model and analysis under revenue-sharing
contract. Journal of Cleaner Production, 170, pp.183-192.
Kache, F. and Seuring, S., 2017. Challenges and opportunities of digital information at the
intersection of Big Data Analytics and supply chain management. International Journal
of Operations & Production Management.
Fontes, C.H.D.O. and Freires, F.G.M., 2018. Sustainable and renewable energy supply chain: A
system dynamics overview. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82, pp.247-259.
Queiroz, M.M. and Wamba, S.F., 2019. Blockchain adoption challenges in supply chain: An
empirical investigation of the main drivers in India and the USA. International Journal of
Information Management, 46, pp.70-82.
Wiengarten, F., Humphreys, P., Gimenez, C. and McIvor, R., 2016. Risk, risk management
practices, and the success of supply chain integration. International Journal of
Production Economics, 171, pp.361-370.
Schmidt, C.G. and Wagner, S.M., 2019. Blockchain and supply chain relations: A transaction
cost theory perspective. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 25(4),
p.100552.
Aslam, H., Blome, C., Roscoe, S. and Azhar, T.M., 2018. Dynamic supply chain
capabilities. International Journal of Operations & Production Management.
Qi, Y., Huo, B., Wang, Z. and Yeung, H.Y.J., 2017. The impact of operations and supply chain
strategies on integration and performance. International Journal of Production
Economics, 185, pp.162-174.
Martins, C.L. and Pato, M.V., 2019. Supply chain sustainability: A tertiary literature
review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 225, pp.995-1016.
Lii, P. and Kuo, F.I., 2016. Innovation-oriented supply chain integration for combined
competitiveness and firm performance. International Journal of Production
Economics, 174, pp.142-155.
Panda, S., Modak, N.M. and Cárdenas-Barrón, L.E., 2017. Coordinating a socially responsible
closed-loop supply chain with product recycling. International Journal of Production
Economics, 188, pp.11-21.
Online:
Convenience Store – Definition And Examples. 2020. [Online] Available Through:<
https://www.marketing91.com/convenience-store/>
McColl’s Corporate website. 2020. [Online] Available
Through:<https://www.mccollsplc.co.uk/>
21
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