The Deepwater Horizon Disaster: Analysis of Project Complexities and Theories

This report evaluates the essential project complexities and theories related to the Deepwater Horizon Disaster of 2010, one of the most significant spills of marine and industrial disasters. It includes an integrated analysis of different dimensions of the project and the challenges faced.

Running head: THE DEEPWATER HORIZON DISASTER
The Deepwater Horizon Disaster
Name of the student:
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Author Note

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Executive summary
The Deepwater Horizon is a massive oil spill. This got deployed during 2010. It is considered to be
one of the most significant spills of marine. It is also considered to be one of the most significant
industrial disasters. Here, the report evaluates the essential project complexities. Apart from this,
various theories and ideas that can be applied are analyzed here.

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Table of Contents
Discussion on component 1: Introduction:............................................................................................3
Analyzing component 2: Assessing the types of project complexity relevant to the current case:.......5
Evaluating component 3: Choosing the model:.....................................................................................5
Discussing component 4: Conclusion:...................................................................................................8
References:..........................................................................................................................................10
Appendix:............................................................................................................................................13
Appendix 1:.....................................................................................................................................13
Appendix 2:.....................................................................................................................................14
Appendix 3:.....................................................................................................................................15
Appendix 4:.....................................................................................................................................16

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Discussion on component 1: Introduction:
It was April, 2010, when the Deepwater Horizon got established. It is a widespread oil spill.
Further, it is indicated to be one of the most significant industrial history mentioned in history. The
happening lead to an explosion of a rig of Deepwater Horizon. This is situated about 60 kilometers
from Louisiana.
The following analysis requires the deployment of various conceptual tools and theories.
Here, an integrated analysis of different dimensions of the present project is discussed. Next, it can
be said, that the study can help to analyze the “whys and hows” of the results of that project. It
makes an assessment of the project complexity. These are related to the deployment of theories and
concepts.
In this study analysis is made on the project complexities that are effectively related. Next,
different ideas and theories are implemented in the study.
Determination of issues:
The blowout and the oil spill of the Deep-water have led to a flawed good plan. It has never
included the enough cementing that has been occurring at various productions. These are at the 7-
inch casing. It has also involved the small inch protection case (Weick, 2017). Further, the BOP
failure and presumed blowout have been an essential and totally secondary concern. Though the
outcomes of the oil spill have graved the environmental pollutions, the present impactshave been
found to be limiting the flow. Moreover, it has included the insertion tube. It has been affective
apparently. Here, consistent efforts have been halting and declining the flows. It has included the
closer reliefs very effectively (Gros et al., 2016). Apart from this, it has been interacting with the
MC 252 wellbore. It has been under 60 to 90 days of time. Further, it is also seen that under some

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days, they have started to eradicate the rig to drill at the off locations. In this way, it has been a total
rig and this can be removed. Further, it was seen that around 10 P.M. the rig has been starting
unexpectedly. This is shaken and make a noise that is loud surging. Moreover, it has been
accompanied through the drilling of natural gas, seawater and mud. In this way this got shot above
the floor for the shipping of drill. In the gap has been exploded and besides, the rig was found to
engulfing the flames. Further, as another explosion followed, the electricity was gone (Underwood et
al., 2016). Besides, it was seen that about ten persons instantly expired. Again about hundreds of the
victims was found to be rushing at various lifeboats.
It is seen that the blowout has been sending different toxic level of fluids and large gases.
This has been shooting up the well as shown in Appendix 1. Moreover, it has given rise to the
explosion on the board of the rig. Appendix 2 demonstrates the fact that Transocean Ltd, the owner
of the drilling rigs, has reported about 900 million dollars of the coverage of the insurances. This has
been on the drilling rig. After that Anadarko has shown that it has been about 160 million dollars for
drawing on the Mitsui to give rise to the liability of pollution f insurance coverage that includes
about 50 million dollars.
Next, it is shown in Appendix 3 that to mitigate various problems, the opportunities of the market
can be found out. It is an effective concept to undertake the checking of a background of the market,
before entering that area. Moreover, the targeted audience is required to be understood and assured
that they can assess the targeted audiences. At last, there is the scope of growth that is required to be
examined with the utmost importance (Cornwall, 2015). Again, it is seen that the reefs that are
outside the 19 km of the radius from the area of Deep-water are largely unaffected. Gain, those who
have been existing within has been largely stressed. Apart from this, it is proposed that the disersants
and the oils as made the production of coral be much complicated. It is been attached to the mature

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corals and with much decreased rate (Gros et al., 2017). Further, it is been attached to the mature
corals and much decreased rate. Again it is been found to be followed through the exposure of
different substances.
Analyzing component 2: Assessing the types of project complexity relevant to the
current case:
In this task, the diamond model has opted. It is useful to analyze the different dimensions of
the uncertainty of the project. It involves the pace, complexity, technology and novelty. Further, the
base of the source has been denoting to be present in the aims of the project (Joye, 2015). Besides, it
has included uncertainty in the market. It measured the manners of the latest products of the projects
for the clients. It has been also useful for users in the markets. It has also included the methods to be
clear and get well defined for the requirements of the products. Further, this has comprised of three
kinds. They involve the derivative, platform and breakthroughs. To utilize the novelty it has been
useful to undertake decisions (Gam et al., 2018). Further, it has required the time to freeze the
product requirements. Besides, it has included the trusts with accuracy and dependability of the data
market. Further, the model has been bringing technology benefits. Here, the analysis of the
technology has been helpful to undertake the decisions over the technical expertise that s required by
the project managers and teams. This involves the intensity of the technical activities and the time
needed to freeze the design. It has comprised of three types of complicacies. This involves the
assembly, systems and arrays. Understanding the complicacy is useful to understand the structure of
the project organization and this is managed accordingly (Gam et al., 2018).

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Evaluating component 3: Choosing the model:
At first, there is a novelty. It is highly useful for determining the ways the products can be
used for the market. The novelty of products is defined such that the product has been for the users
and markets. Besides, the dimension has been denoting the method that has been preset for
customers. In this way, one becomes popular to the products. This involves the concepts to use that
and how easily be can define the needs and requirements of the customers that have been up front
(Stout & Payne, 2017).
Further, there is a breakthrough in the products for the latest world scenario. It has been
changing the transfer of various ideas and concepts for different products, Further, there are the
technological uncertainties (Gam et al., 2018). Apart from this, there are four levels consisting of
uncertainties of technology. Next, there is complexity. It is the safest method for defining various
levels of complicacies.
The model is helpful to analyze the competitive benefits that the groups and nations has been
possessing. This is because of particular factors that are available to them It is also helpful to
demonstrates how the governments has been acting as the catalyst for developing the position of the
nation. Apart from this, there are various elements that are understand from the diamond. This
involves the supporting and related industries, rivalry and structure, strategy of firms, demand
situations and factor conditions. Besides, there are various elements that has been sitting external to
the diamond and influencing various factors like government policies and chances.
Understanding and providing the justification of the chosen theory for evaluating the project of
Deepwater Horison:
It is already seen that diamond model is helpful for Deewater Horizon. It is helpful for the
managers for using the decisions are required to be made. The novelty dimension is useful to find the

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newness of the present market. This involves technical uncertainties. Apart from this, the complexity
has been indicating the complexities (Gam et al., 2018). Furthermore, the pace has been helpful to
seek the methods of how the time frame has been critical or the recovery plan for the Deepwater
Horizon.
Evaluating the challenges:
It has led to adaptive project management. It is based on the success, adaptive and flexible
framework. According to the adaptive approach, the projects involve the collection of activities
needed to get completed in a specific time. Again, the projects have included the processes that are
business related to delivering the outcomes of the business (Stewart et al., 2018). Instead of this the
projects have consisted of various methods that are business related for providing the business
outcomes. Though the approach has been denoting the change towards thinking, this is inevitable for
meeting the current organizational issues. Apart from this, the systems are able to make a reaction to
various answers and effective usage of the model has decreased the results. This is to gain the home
runs and the projects are applicable for the approach (Gros et al., 2017). The model has been able to
affect the planning and execution of projects. In this way ne can focus on the attentions for meeting
the time and budget.
Strengths:
It involves the manners in which the projects can be chosen. Further, it is useful to allocate
resources (Cunningham, 2017). It is useful for business in managing more than one project. In this
way one can avid the dealing and concerns of the portfolios of project managements. Apart from
this, managing is a hectic activity and highly controversial for every business. It is defined as the
decisions and activities that are seen to be selected and remove the projects (Shultz et al., 2015).

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Again, it is helpful for the resources taking place among various cells. In this way, one is able
to allocate the resources for all types of projects. It is on the basis of strategic goals and policies.
Thus, the policy has been depending on the extended benefits and values coming out of all the
groups (Joye, 2015).
It has included the trends, scenarios and decisions of the industries and the competitive cases
and the life-cycle stages. In this way one greatly depends on the stage of life-cycles and competitive
situations. It has been dependent highly on the strategic plans of the businesses (Rung et al., 2017).
For example, as the organization grows, one can easily allocate the higher element of the cell that is
external and strategic. It has been helpful to decrease consolidations and costs. In this way the
elements of internal operations have been receiving most of the shares. In this way, the managers
have been allocating the resources of the teams firstly. Here, all the projects have been competing to
different projects within the same types of groups.
Analysis of the weaknesses:
With the help of various dimensions used for NTCP, there are many differences taking place
among operations and strategies of the projects that are understood. It is seen that the operational
projects are considered to be the derivatives. Again, on the other hand, the projects with strategy are
seen as the platforms and e-breakthroughs. Thus, various technical uncertainties of the operational
projects are important and never more than the medium of technology. Apart from this, the
operational projects are urgent and required blitz attitude (Zaron et al., 2015). Again, the strategic
projects because of the novelty are done rarely. This has been having been occurring as the crisis
period was going on. Thus, they have been reaching to the blitz level. Further, complexity has been
largely related to the levels of investments. It has the efficiency to gain and loose. However, there
has been the advent of the complicacies that has been connected to complexities with proper

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coordination and integrations (Kwok et al., 2017). Thus, the innovation has been delivering the
scopes of smart performances. This is smarter than the prior ones and delivering the ability to
perform the latest tasks.
Discussing component 4: Conclusion:
It is seen that the rate of the disaster of the oil spill of the BP Deep-water Horizon has been
highly catastrophic in nature. Nevertheless, the oil and gas innovation of the industry has been
giving rise to external strides. In this way developments can be made at various technical frontiers.
This is toe extraction of the hydrocarbon. In this way one has been able to compare the strides in
various sectors of security. In this way one can decrease the possibility of the needed catastrophe.
Most importantly, this has been effective to give rise to in-details and coherent proper structure. This
is important for overseas drilling. It has been ahead of the experience and government of oil
cooperation within the “heat with the battle”. It also involves future leakages. Hence, it is seen from
the above study that there have been traditional measures towards managing of projects. It has been
on the basis of specific models. It has been on specific models. It has been relatively easy,
predictable and fixed. Further, some of the projects have been certain, simple and fixed at any point
of time. Apart from this, they have been including, the changes and unpredictable for dealing with
uncertainties and complexities. Further, the Diamond NCTP model has given rise to overcome the
issue for the Deepwater Horizon. It is useful to provide a disciplined tool for analyzing the
unintended outcomes and project risks. Further, it has been useful to consider the important
decisions on the projects and thus they can run. Apart from this, it is helpful to find the time and stop
the product requirements and find the bureaucracy and formality levels. They are needed to be
controlled and as it is implemented, it eases the methods for deploying and plan the strategies.

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References:
Cornwall, W. (2015). Deepwater Horizon: after the oil.
Cunningham, J. S. (2017). OIL AND WATER: CORPORATE INTEREST AND RISK
COMMUNICATION PRECEDING THE DEEPWATER HORIZON DISASTER.
Gam, K. B., Engel, L. S., Kwok, R. K., Curry, M. D., Stewart, P. A., Stenzel, M. R., ... & Sandler, D.
P. (2018). Association between Deepwater Horizon oil spill response and cleanup work
experiences and lung function. Environment international, 121, 695-702.
Gam, K. B., Kwok, R. K., Engel, L. S., Curry, M. D., Stewart, P. A., Stenzel, M. R., ... & Miller, A.
K. (2018). Exposure to oil spill chemicals and lung function in deepwater horizon disaster
response workers. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 60(6), e312-e318.
Gam, K. B., Kwok, R. K., Engel, L. S., Curry, M. D., Stewart, P. A., Stenzel, M. R., ... & Lichtveld,
M. Y. (2018). Lung function in oil spill response workers 1–3 years after the deepwater
horizon disaster. Epidemiology, 29(3), 315-322.
Gros, J., Socolofsky, S. A., Dissanayake, A. L., Jun, I., Boufadel, M. C., Zhao, L., ... & Arey, J. S.
(2016). Simulating the aqueous dissolution of petroleum emitted into the Gulf of Mexico
during the 2010 Deepwater Horizon disaster (No. POST_TALK).
Gros, J., Socolofsky, S. A., Dissanayake, A. L., Jun, I., Zhao, L., Boufadel, M. C., ... & Arey, J. S.
(2017). Petroleum dynamics in the sea and influence of subsea dispersant injection during
Deepwater Horizon. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(38), 10065-
10070.
Joye, S. B. (2015). Deepwater Horizon, 5 years on. Science, 349(6248), 592-593.

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Kwok, R. K., Engel, L. S., Miller, A. K., Blair, A., Curry, M. D., Jackson, W. B., ... & GuLF
STUDY Research Team. (2017). The GuLF STUDY: a prospective study of persons
involved in the Deepwater Horizon oil spill response and clean-up. Environmental health
perspectives, 125(4), 570-578.
Rung, A. L., Gaston, S., Robinson, W. T., Trapido, E. J., & Peters, E. S. (2017). Untangling the
disaster-depression knot: The role of social ties after Deepwater Horizon. Social Science &
Medicine, 177, 19-26.
Shultz, J. M., Walsh, L., Garfin, D. R., Wilson, F. E., & Neria, Y. (2015). The 2010 Deepwater
Horizon oil spill: the trauma signature of an ecological disaster. The journal of behavioral
health services & research, 42(1), 58-76.
Stewart, P. A., Stenzel, M. R., Ramachandran, G., Banerjee, S., Huynh, T. B., Groth, C. P., ... &
Sandler, D. P. (2018). Development of a total hydrocarbon ordinal job-exposure matrix for
workers responding to the Deepwater Horizon disaster: The GuLF STUDY. Journal of
Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, 28(3), 223.
Stout, S. A., & Payne, J. R. (2017). Footprint, weathering, and persistence of synthetic-base drilling
mud olefins in deep-sea sediments following the Deepwater Horizon disaster. Marine
pollution bulletin, 118(1-2), 328-340.
Underwood, S., Lapham, L., Teske, A., & Lloyd, K. G. (2016). Microbial community structure and
methane-cycling activity of subsurface sediments at Mississippi Canyon 118 before the
Deepwater Horizon disaster. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography,
129, 148-156.

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Weick, K. E. (2017). Earl Boebert and James M. Blossom: Deepwater Horizon: A Systems Analysis
of the Macondo Disaster.
Zaron, E. D., Fitzpatrick, P. J., Cross, S. L., Harding, J. M., Bub, F. L., Wiggert, J. D., ... & Mooers,
C. N. (2015). Initial evaluations of a Gulf of Mexico/Caribbean ocean forecast system in the
context of the Deepwater Horizon disaster. Frontiers of Earth Science, 9(4), 605-636.

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Appendix:
Appendix 1:
Figure 1: “Examining how poor BP Deepwater Horizon is”
(Source: Zaron et al., 2015, pp. 605-636)

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Appendix 2:
Figure 2: “Illustrating the size of world spills”
(Source: Gros et al. 2017, pp. 10065-10070)

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Appendix 3:
Figure 3: “Implications of insurance indutry”
(Source: Joye 2015, pp. 592-593)

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Appendix 4:
Figure 4: “Inside the business of organics”
(Source: Underwood et al., 2016, pp. 148-156)