The Effect of Vocational High School Administrators’ Leadership Behaviors on Teacher Job Satisfaction

Running head: CRITIQUING ARTICLE
CRITIQUING ARTICLE
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Article 1: The Effect of Vocational High School Administrators’ Leadership
Behaviors on Teacher Job Satisfaction
Overview:
The research article used direct research approach and the primary data for conducting
this study. The article was peer reviewed and it has the number of citation of 7. The article has
four principle sections excluding the abstract section. The sections are Introduction, Methods,
Findings and Interpretation, and Conclusion and Recommendations (Tas, 2017). The article was
published in the year 2017, hence can be considered as a recent study. The study is valid for
being referred in the similar studies. The author of this article was involved in the education
industry, hence his opinion on the matter of vocational leadership in the teaching industry, can be
considered to have a proper validity. The article is available on a government funded site, hence
the information recorded in it can be considered as reliable (Heale & Twycross, 2015).
Abstract:
The abstract of this article successfully summarizes the content of the whole paper. It
describes the aim of the study, the sample size and population, the method of data analysis and
finally the conclusion of the research study. According to the abstract section the aim of this
study was to determine how the job satisfaction of the teachers is affected by the leadership
skills of the vocational high school administrator. The sample population for this study was
the technical teachers, who worked in the city of Isparta at the high schools, which provide
vocational trainings. The sample size was 21. The data analysis method for this study was
quantitative and it involved the calculation of frequency, arithmetic mean and the analysis of

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correlation and regression. The study found that there is a significant correlation between the
job satisfaction in the teachers and the display of vocational leadership skills by the high
school administrators. The study also found the individual oriented leadership behaviors to be
more effective in heightening the job satisfaction level of the teachers (Tas, 2017).
Introduction:
This section of the article starts with describing the importance of the two principle
factors in the teaching industry, which are also in the main focus of this research study. The
importance of the leadership display by the administrator and the job satisfaction of the
employees in the teaching industry have been discussed in detail. After that the section describes
the problem involving the lack of leadership skills and the lack of satisfaction with job among
the teaching staffs (Tas, 2017). The section uses the reference of various scholarly studies to
describe this problem. Then it addresses the issue in the vocational platform, describing the
importance of this study. Finally the section focuses on describing the aim of this particular study
in detail.
Methods:
This section of the article describes the sample size, sample population, the data
collection method and the data analysis methods in detail. As described in the abstract section,
the sample population involved the teachers of the vocational high schools, situated in Insparta.
The data was collected by using a survey method. There was a data collection tool development,
which was a scale for the determination of the level of job satisfaction in the teachers and the
level of leadership behavior. The questionnaire was selected very carefully and the answers were
analysed by using quantitative methods, such as Barlett test and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO)
coefficient. The data analysis method also examined the themes like institution-oriented

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leadership, individual oriented leadership and the change oriented leadership behaviors. For
examining the highest efficiency among all those behaviors, the factor load value and the
variance load value was calculated (Tas, 2017). For examining the reliability of the data,
Cronbach Alpha coefficient value was calculated. There was also frequency calculation,
arithmetic mean calculation, standard deviation and correlation calculation for the whole data
analysis method.
Results:
The result section of this article describes the findings of the study in a properly tabulated
format. It is consisted of three tables. The first table describes the extent of leadership skill
display by the administrators of the vocational high schools, from which it was established that
the administrators of the vocational high schools often displays both change oriented and the
individual oriented leadership. The second table described the relationship between the job
satisfaction in the teachers and the leadership behavior of the administrators. From the analysis
of this table, it was found that the individual oriented leadership results in a better job
satisfaction than that of change oriented leadership display. Finally table 3 describes the effect of
leadership behaviors on the job satisfaction of the teaching staffs of the vocational high schools.
There was a regression analysis involved, which found that there are different effects of the
different leadership activities on the job satisfaction of the teachers (Tas, 2017).
Discussion:
There was no distinct discussion section in the article. However, there was a detailed
discussion on the results and the findings in detail under the Findings and Interpretations section.
There was a further discussion on the topic under the conclusion and the recommendation section
of the article (Said, 2018). In this section the results were summarized and they were discussed in