Promoting Intercultural Dimensions in International Education

The document delves into critical aspects of educational leadership, emphasizing the importance of cultural intelligence in fostering effective school environments. It highlights student-centered leadership as a means to achieve equity and addresses how globalization reshapes contemporary educational practices. The role of shared governance is analyzed for its potential to enhance institutional collaboration in higher education. Furthermore, it discusses promoting intercultural dimensions within international education frameworks to cultivate global awareness among students.

The implications of diversity and
leadership on Australian education and
the dimension of its dilemmas

EXECUTIVES SUMMARY
Around the world, there are increased issues ion relation with diversity identified.
Further, the type of educational system that is being used is also changes with an aim to make
sure that child is able to develop their knowledge and understanding in effective manner. Main
focus on this essay is to understand the implication of diversity and leadership on Australian
education. For the findings, it is identified that the type of perception that are carried by people is
not positive, then their child also develop similar perception. In such condition, teachers play
vital role in which they focus on the making use of leadership skills so that students understand
and can differentiate between what right and wrong. Further, diversity is also helpful for students
to learn and to enhance their understanding for the different type of culture in positive manner.

Contents
EXECUTIVES SUMMARY...........................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Diversity and its impact on education..........................................................................................1
Importance of different leadership style in education..................................................................2
Critical evaluation of impact of leadership and diversity in education.......................................4
Annotated bibliography...............................................................................................................4
Conclusion...................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
According to Litz, (2011) there are different type of changes that has taken place in
respect with technology and the type of teaching methods that are being adopted by teachers.
However, there are many issues that are faced by school management to educate students in
effective manner. The condition can be shown from the increase in population of Australia which
is 24.13 million in 2016. Each year it is increasing as there are many job related opportunities
that are available which attracts people. Further, it has bought people from other countries like
China, India, Sri Lanka, Lebanese, South Korea, etc. This has formed diversity in culture and
other related issues. The focus of this essay is on implications of diversity and leadership on
Australian education and the dimension of its dilemmas. More specifically, it covers positive and
negative impact of diversity. Further, it covers the different type of leadership styles that are
applied and styles that can be applied by teachers.
Diversity and its impact on education
As per Dimmock, (2011) different people have diverse set of perception due to difference
in culture that are carried out by them. In education sector, teachers are highly responsible to
make use of effective strategies so that students can understand and differentiate between what is
right and what is wrong. Niesche and Keddie, (2011) stated that the rate of crime is increasing in
which youngsters are mainly getting caught. The criminal activities are developed by individuals
due to improper education and lack of understanding.
There are different type of leadership styles that are implemented by teachers with the
help of which the rate of understanding can be raised. Further, it is a type of process for guiding
and enlisting the energies and talents of parents, pupils and teachers so that aim for education can
be achieved. As per Robinson, (2011) there are about 46% of the population in which one
percent is born overseas. Among this percentage there are 20% of the individuals who can speak
Australian language. There are conflict situations that arise and one of the reason for this type of
situation is that one among ten of the Australian people believe that some of the races are
superior. When individuals have this type of perception, then it is carried out to their children
and the attitude is shown in school. This is one of the issues due to which conflicts raises.
Among these when teachers have effective leadership skills, then they are able to understand the
situation and by their teachings, it becomes helpful to overcome the problem and to develop
positive perception within the mind of students. According to Blackmore, (2014) at the early
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years, teachers made use of Instructional leadership in which teachers at the starting stage itself
develop clear structure of the aim and objective that will be followed in the entire year. This is an
effective way with the help of which it becomes helpful to develop path on which they can attain
their goal. When students have the attitude to learn and develop, then it becomes favorable
enough for the teachers to provide and develop their learning. Instructional leadership is
management of curriculum as per the school principal. This is helpful for some extent but in long
run it is not effective and the development that take place among students is in relation with the
particular areas (Sharp, Franzway, Mills and Gill, 2012). Management need to consider the other
set of leadership styles so that they can effectively develop and learn. When it is compared with
diversity there are both positive and negative impact over education. At some of the aspects, it is
highly effective to develop understanding. As individuals have certain set of preference or the
culture that are followed by them enables to contribute effectively. Each and every culture that
are followed enables to provide some or the other set of developments in learning about the
culture that are followed. For example, student from China will have proper understanding about
the culture and the customs that are followed by them. These students can provide information to
other and this way it also helps in improving the communication level with each other (Smith,
Hadfield and Dunne, 2016). There are many different type of research that are conducted on
determining the factors that contribute towards health learning. It is being identified that
communication plays vital role in understanding the needs and requirements and type of issues
that are faced. Teachers have direct interaction with students and so that have proper knowledge
about area of education that has to be provided to them.
Importance of different leadership style in education
According to Gurr and Drysdale, (2012) there are barriers that are identified in context
with education when students are not able to understand the language in which the information is
provided. As it was stated above, there are people who live in Australia from other countries and
they all have their mother tongue. In schools, it becomes difficult for the students to understand
them. In this context, there are other set of benefits that students get in which students feel safer.
The behavioral aspect of students will be different in diverse culture. Students are able to learn
about the culture that are followed by other the background from their friend belong and they
also have greater sense of comfort (Day, 2012). This way students are able to develop high sense
of safety. On the other hand, when the rate of communication is low, then there are condition of
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conflicts as one is not able to understand the exact things that they are willing to express. Apart
from this, among all these areas, it is important that teachers are able to make use of their skills
so that they will be able to make sure that miscommunication can be solved.
As it was stated above, there are some people who think that few of the races that are
superior. The type of education or the teaching that are given by parents include not to talk or to
stay away from specific race. In accordance with this type of condition, it becomes difficult for
the teachers to handle the situation as in some of the cases even parent support discrimination
(Windle and Stratton, 2013). This have negative impact over the students mind and they prefer to
stay away from these students. Leadership among teachers enables to develop the interaction
among students and in identifying the problems that are faced by students and as per the findings
made steps are taken so that the issue can be solved. Further, there are other type of leadership
styles that are also applied by teachers in which it consists of Transformational leadership. In this
type of leadership style teachers work with their students to identify the need of change. Further,
it also enables to create the vision of guidelines that can be followed by students (Shields, 2010).
This is an effective leadership in which teachers are able to understand the issues that are faced
by each of the students. However, it is found that teachers are not able to cop up with each
student when the average strength of the students is high. It is important for the management the
schools to make arrangement in such a way that teachers are able to focus on all students in
effective manner. All the students can be focused, when the type of leadership that are followed
by the teachers are effective enough to improvement educational process. Transformational
leadership is followed by most of the students in which teachers are able to focus on students
closely. Each and every student have their own capabilities and skills (Van Dyne, Ang and Koh,
2012). They can only be developed when teachers are able to understand them and provide them
with proper guidance so that they can work on it.
In leadership style another type that is applied within schools are Distributed leadership.
This is a type of style that focus on analytical and conceptual approach that enables to develop
understanding of the work for the leadership that is taken place along with students and teachers.
The type of thinking each student have is different and it becomes difficult for understanding and
learning. It is important for the teachers to determine the preference that students have and
accordingly they requirement to provide education (Huang and Rundle-Thiele, 2014). For
example, some of the students will prefer to have practical knowledge. On the other hand, there
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will be some of them who will prefer to get theoretical preference. Apart from this, students may
have different type of issues or problems that are faced by them in which teachers need to
understand the problems and take up appropriate steps to solve them.
Critical evaluation of impact of leadership and diversity in education
Diversity and leadership work simultaneously when teachers have the skills to control
and make use of proper leadership style, then it becomes favorable enough to form a strong
educational system in which students are able develop learning and understanding. It is important
that management should think critically so that all the students are provided with equal
opportunity (Huang and Rundle-Thiele, 2014). This is an effective through which students are
able to develop their skills and knowledge and in making them know what is wrong and right.
One of the effective way to improve the quality is by providing teachers with training. When
they have proper understanding about the type of roles and responsibilities that has to be played
by them, then will be able to understand the requirements and appropriate steps can be taken by
them towards students to perform effectively and efficiently. Further, it is also important to have
effective interaction with parents so that they will be able to make them understand the way that
should be followed in front of their children’s. Apart from this, it is important to have effective
interaction with students from the side of parents and teachers so that they will be able to
understand the areas in which they need development (Whitsed and Volet, 2011). Further,
communication enables to develop strong bond with each other and the type of issues or
problems that are faced by them can be identified and steps can be taken to overcome them in
effective manner. All these aspects will enable to reduce the problems that are faced in relation
with diversity and students will get to learn from other students with the help of effective
leadership skills of teachers.
Annotated bibliography
There are many research that are conducted on similar topic that are helpful enough to
provide adequate information for the topic. With this respect, below given are the some of the
research conducted:
According to Drew, (2010) change are implement when all the people who involved in
the same are able to understand the requirements and act. In context with the education, teaches
and parents need to understand the issues that are faced by students and accordingly steps should
be taken. As per this research, there are interviews conducted from teachers and parents in which
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it identified that due to lack of interaction of parents and teachers creates issues due to which
there are also conditions of conflicts arises. It is important to understand the expectations and
preferences of teachers and parents towards child or students. Further, other type of challenges
that are faced in relation with participation. Student possesses different type of skills and
capabilities which need to be used and enhanced by teachers. For this respect, it is important that
proper steps are taken so that they will be able to engage students in the activities that will boost
up the moral and the trust they have for teachers and their friends in class.
As per Stensaker and Vabø, (2013) with change in time, government is enabled to
understand the requirement and importance of education and they have highly supported in
development of educational processes. Further, there is an historical characteristic of shared
governance for high education. However, it is identified that in recent years there is high
pressure due to this form of governance. From the research it can be stated that shared
governance is less relevant in order to track the challenges. In schools it is important that healthy
environment is provided so that students will be able to develop their knowledge and
understanding in effective manner. In this process, it requires for the teachers to understand the
areas in which they need improvement. As per the findings made, they should be provided with
training and development so that the rate of performance can be improved or enhanced. With the
help of communication, students are able to develop trust and confidence and problems that are
faced by each of the student can also be identified. Further, through leadership, one is able to
develop or measure that strength of their governance capacity and they are also highly focused
when it is applied.
Thornton, (2010) stated that the when there is effective leadership, then it becomes
favorable enough to raise the performance and understanding of students. During early stage
when leadership is implemented, then it helps in making the students understand the areas that
teachers have focused. There are two different type of aspects that has to be considered, these are
setting up goals and engagement. Setting up goals, should be made the initial stage so that all the
student can make up their mind for the path on which they can attain them. On the other hand,
there are different type of activities that students have to perform but it requires involvement and
the interest of performing it. However, this can only be developed when teachers are making use
of effective leadership skills. Apart from this, it also focuses on making use of theories in
relation with actions and problem solving and focusing on developing trust. When all these
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aspects are covered, then it becomes favorable enough to develop healthy environment in which
students can learn. In addition to this, future leadership development programs are also important
for teachers to be identified for better results.
In this journal, it is identified that preparation of educational leaders is a type of global
phenomenon. When the rate of understanding among teachers is high, then it becomes favorable
enough to develop skills among teachers in effective manner (Eacott, 2011). There are different
type of roles and responsibilities that has to be played by them and which they have proper
understanding for the same, then it enables to perform them efficiently. Further, it can also be
stated that with the help of doxa of school leadership, it enables to establish particular identity of
the principal ship. Main focus of the teachers need to be spreading education in such a way that
each one is able to understand them. Further, communication is highly focused that enables to
determine the rate of development among students. It also requires to have healthy support and
conveying information about the steps that are taken by schools for the development should be
conveyed to parents. Educational leadership is formed when there are interest shown from the
side of school management. This way, to meet the requirements, teachers put on extra efforts so
that develop aim and objectives can be achieved.
According to Blackmore, (2010) it is identified that the type of gender of teachers also
affect the teaching behavior. There only few of the teachers who are able to enhance the
performance. In this context, it is important that there is proper monitoring done so that the
issues that are faced can be identified. Diversity in schools are based on the type of teachings that
are given by parents. When at home, the teaching given by parents is not favorable, then it has
negative impact over the mind of others. This way, the rate of conflict situation arises. However,
when the teachers have effective skills, then they are able to make students understand about the
condition and take up proper steps so that the conflict situation can be solved. Further, there are
different leadership styles that can be used as transformational style is implemented during the
conditions when there are only few students in the class. For this purpose, school management
should take up appropriate steps for the same.
Conclusion
From this essay, it can be concluded that there are different type of leadership skills that
can be adopted by teachers. Among which one of the effective one that can support in education
for teachers will be transformational leadership as it encourages to work with students so that
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they can improve their preferred areas. Further, teachers and parents need to have strong
interaction with each other as it enables to understand the type of teaching that can be provided
to their students.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Blackmore, J., 2010. ‘The other within’: Race/gender disruptions to the professional learning of
white educational leaders. International Journal of Leadership in Education. 13(1). pp.45-
61.
Blackmore, J., 2014. ‘Wasting talent’? Gender and the problematics of academic disenchantment
and disengagement with leadership. Higher Education Research & Development. 33(1).
pp.86-99.
Day, C. ed., 2012. The Routledge international handbook of teacher and school development.
Routledge.
Dimmock, C., 2011. Leadership in education: Concepts, themes and impact. Routledge.
Drew, G., 2010. Issues and challenges in higher education leadership: Engaging for change. The
Australian educational researcher. 37(3). pp.57-76.
Eacott, S., 2011. Preparing ‘educational’leaders in managerialist times: an Australian
story. Journal of educational administration and history. 43(1). pp.43-59.
Gurr, D. and Drysdale, L., 2012. Tensions and dilemmas in leading Australia's schools. School
Leadership & Management. 32(5). pp.403-420.
Huang, Y. T. and Rundle-Thiele, S., 2014. The moderating effect of cultural congruence on the
internal marketing practice and employee satisfaction relationship: An empirical
examination of Australian and Taiwanese born tourism employees. Tourism Management.
42. pp.196-206.
Huang, Y. T. and Rundle-Thiele, S., 2014. The moderating effect of cultural congruence on the
internal marketing practice and employee satisfaction relationship: An empirical
examination of Australian and Taiwanese born tourism employees. Tourism
Management. 42. pp.196-206.
Litz, D., 2011. Globalization and the Changing Face of Educational Leadership: Current Trends
and Emerging Dilemmas. International Education Studies. 4(3). pp.47-61.
Niesche, R. and Keddie, A., 2011. Foregrounding issues of equity and diversity in educational
leadership. School Leadership and Management. 31(1). pp.65-77.
Robinson, V., 2011. Student-centered leadership (Vol. 15). John Wiley & Sons.
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Sharp, R., Franzway, S., Mills, J. and Gill, J., 2012. Flawed policy, failed politics? Challenging
the sexual politics of managing diversity in engineering organizations. Gender, Work &
Organization. 19(6). pp.555-572.
Shields, C. M., 2010. Transformative leadership: Working for equity in diverse
contexts. Educational Administration Quarterly. 46(4). pp.558-589.
Smith, S., Hadfield, A. and Dunne, T. eds., 2016. Foreign policy: theories, actors, cases. Oxford
University Press.
Stensaker, B. and Vabø, A., 2013. Re‐inventing shared governance: Implications for
organisational culture and institutional leadership. Higher Education Quarterly. 67(3).
pp.256-274.
Thornton, K., 2010. 'School Leadership and Student Outcomes': The Best Evidence Synthesis
Iteration: Relevance for Early Childhood Education and Implications for Leadership
Practice. Journal of educational leadership, policy and practice. 25(1). pp.31.
Van Dyne, L., Ang, S. and Koh, C., 2012. Sub‐dimensions of the four factor model of cultural
intelligence: Expanding the conceptualization and measurement of cultural
intelligence. Social and personality psychology compass. 6(4). pp.295-313.
Whitsed, C. and Volet, S., 2011. Fostering the intercultural dimensions of internationalisation in
higher education: Metaphors and challenges in the Japanese context. Journal of Studies in
International Education. 15(2). pp.146-170.
Windle, J. and Stratton, G., 2013. Equity for sale: Ethical consumption in a school-choice
regime. Discourse: studies in the Cultural Politics of Education. 34(2). pp.202-213.
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