Legal System of United Arab Emirates: Criminal Code, Court System and Unique Features

Running head: ESSAY 0
Law Assignment
MARCH 11, 2019

ESSAY 1
The judicial system of UAE is centred on the British law, civil law system with
impacts from French law, Islamic law, Roman law and Egyptian law. Under the Constitution,
all States are permitted either to establish individual judiciary or to unite with federal court
systems. The judicial system of UAE had dual nature by way of this has federal court and
local court with then Supreme Court Based at Abu Dhabi. In the following parts, legal system
of United Arab Emirates, type of criminal code, prosecutor, court system, or structure in
United Arab Emirates and unique feature of UAE criminal law system is discussed and
critically examined.
It was declared by United Arab Emirates itself as self-regulating independent state
and start the procedure of making the central government that in turn has made the judicial
system to regulate central affairs. The Constitutional Amendment Law No.1 of 1996 had
finalised the provisional constitution with certain other amendments. The UAE Constitution
renders that Islam is the allowed religion and Arabic formal language of the United Arab
Emirates. The Constitution confines the powers of central government and every individual
state has retained powers over the personal inner affairs as long as the rules and regulations
do not conflict with the central law. As the result, there are levels of the judicial system in the
United Arab Emirates. The laws are therefore made and applied at the state level as well as
central level. In the simple word, it can be said that the central government is accountable for
the central policy, state’s affairs, learning, well-being, protection, international policies,
banking, and indemnification, transaction such as civil transaction and profitmaking
transaction and publication (Alhammadi, 2016).
The states are entitled to create rules and regulations in the fields that relevant to
themselves and in the fields in which the central government has not required to, or has yet to
apply the individual rules, regulations, and laws. These fields are diverse and wider ranging.
For an instance, the international possession of land is allowed in some chosen fields of

ESSAY 2
Dubai, in the leasehold deal as well as freehold deal. While in states of Abu Dhabi Freehold
property deals were not allowed at all for immigrants. However, in the present time, in the
past few years the leasehold properties sales (in chosen field only) have permitted in Abu
Dhabi. However, this is still not conceivable to purchase the freehold property (Bing & Al-
Mutawakel, 2018).
The penal code or criminal code refers to the document that accumulates all, or a
substantial amount of, the specific criminal law’s authority. Normally, the criminal code
would comprise crimes that are identified in the authorities, fines that may be levied for the
crimes and certain common requirements (Dayton & Takahashi, 2018). The criminal code is
comparatively general in the jurisdiction of civil law, which tend to create legal system
around principle and code that are comparatively abstract and apply them on the matter by
matter basis (Zimmer, 2015). On the other hand, they are unusual in the jurisdiction of
common law. The criminal code is usually supported for the overview of constancy to the
judicial system and for creating criminal law more manageable to the populations. The
criminal code can help ignore the chilling effects where the legislature and case laws appear
to be either unreachable or away from the understanding to the common people. Otherwise, it
is argued by the critics that the criminal code is too severe and that they fail to render the
sufficient suppleness for the rules, regulations, and laws to be proper.
As per the Article 121 of the Constitution of 1971 of United Arab Emirates, the
authority has been provided to the federation to apply the rules, regulations and laws in
respect of the penalty law’s main legislatures. The Penal Code of United Arab Emirates is the
set of lawful provisions to determine the activities that are identified as the crime and
describe the penalties levied on them. The Criminal Code involves two kinds of rules. The
first general requirements that is applicable to each crime and all fines like the requirements
related to the efficiency of the Criminal Code in respect of the period, place, legitimizations,