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BIOL2006 - Technique of Gene Mapping - Assignment

   

Added on  2020-03-01

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Running head: GENE MAPPING – SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPROVEMENTSGene mapping- significance and improvementsName of the StudentName of the UniversityAuthor Note

1GENE MAPPING – SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPROVEMENTSThe technique of gene mapping was first illustrated by Thomas Hunt Morgan in 1911while studying the genetics of Drosophila. Gene mapping or linkage mapping refers to arepresentation of recombination frequencies and relative distance between markers loci inhomologous chromosomes (Robinson 2013).Significance- Gene maps are essential for providing an avenue to link a trait of particularinterest to a specific genetic region in the chromosome. Genetic mapping helps in utilizing amechanism that tracks the co-segregation of different genetic markers associated with particulartraits in a population. Such markers can be utilized in agriculture to improve animal breeds andresistant crops (Morrell, Buckler and Ross-Ibarra 2012). They are used in evolutionary studies tounderstand the mechanism of diversification of different species. Comparative mapping betweenor within taxa helps in revealing regions where there is gene order conservation. They locateregions of chromosomal duplication. These maps have huge significance in medicine and help inidentification of people who are vulnerable to a host of genetic diseases. They detects carrier inrecessive disorders where the affected gene is not directly expressed (Eyre et al. 2012). Microbialgenetic maps help in producing energy by harnessing the power of bacteria and also helpresearchers to develop environment friendly products. Positional cloning is another application.It has been utilized in isolating maize genes in recent years. Genetic mapping also determines theeffect of location on the expression of genes and identifies several factors that affectrecombination between genes. These maps also recognize the non-functional pseudogenes andtheir probable role.Eye pigments- The eye colour pigments in Drosophila are produced by two distinctbiochemical pathways: the pteridine pathway (pale blue to yellow to scarlet pigment) and theommochrome pathway (brown pigment). A large number of genes are associated with the eye

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