Theories, Principals and Models In education and training

Theories, Principals and
Models In education and
training

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK A...........................................................................................................................................1
a. Theories, principles and models of learning as well as models of learning preferences.........1
b. Ways in which theories, principles and models of learning can be applied to teaching,
learning and assessment...............................................................................................................2
c. How identifying and taking account of learners' individual preferences enables inclusive
teaching, learning and assessment...............................................................................................3
TASK B...........................................................................................................................................3
Covered in PPT............................................................................................................................3
TASK C...........................................................................................................................................3
TASK D...........................................................................................................................................5
Analyse theories and models of curriculum development ..........................................................5
Explain ways in which theories and models of curriculum development can be applied in
developing curricula in own area of specialism ..........................................................................6
TASK E............................................................................................................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Education and training are key aspects for developing understanding and awareness
among people so that they work in more productive and safe manner. These develops unique
perspective to look towards life (Abele and et.al., 2017). There are wide number of theories,
models and principles which are concerned with education and training. With application of
models or theories, quality knowledge is gained by an individual that assist them to develop their
career in the field in greater extent. The present report analyses theories, principles and models
of learning and learning preferences along with the ways that are applied in teaching, learning as
well as assessment. Further, it also analyse theories and models related to assessments,
curriculum, development and reflection addition to evaluation.
TASK A
a. Theories, principles and models of learning as well as models of learning preferences
Learning refers to a process to acquire new behaviours, skills, attitudes, knowledge,
preferences and skills through experiences or study (Blaschke and Hase, 2016). It is the ability
to work with the knowledge and adapt new ways under ever-changing circumstances variety.
Theories of learning describes the ways students absorb, process together with retain knowledge
in entire learning process. Some of theories of learning are as analysed:
Sensory stimulation theory: This is one of tradition theory of learning. The theory
explains the ways stimulating senses may affect the aspects to learn and react towards distinct
circumstances. It also defines that an individual completes an action of learning to receive
sensory input. Learning encourages at the time when a teacher acquires more than auditory
together with visual senses (Mayglothing, 2020).
Social Learning Theory: The theory was developed by Albert Bandura and emphasis on
significance of observing together with modelling behaviour, emotional reactions and attitudes to
others. The theory adds key ideas of occurrence of mediating processes among response and
stimuli and learning of behaviour from environment via observation learning procedures.
Models of learning are analysed below:
MacWhinney’s Emergentist model: The learning model defines the ways wherein
formal learning structure emerge from interaction of patterns and pressures that arise from
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general cognitive aspects. The model represents aptitudes which are pragmatic in nature and are
required to be clarified in real world area.
Paget's cognitivism model: The model is primarily used in classroom and encourages
curiosity addition to test hypothesis to learn for inquiry related projects. The model engages past
experiences and a learning teacher may include a situation for creating learning environment in
which students are familiar.
Principles of learning:
 Principle of readiness: The principle estates that a learner should have desires to learn
and must be ready to learn different things in different situations.
 Principle of effect: The principles defines that a student have emotional reaction after
acquiring new knowledge and attitude that are the effect of learning (Carraccio and et.al.,
2016).
 Principle of recency: The principle says that most recent learned things are remembered
best. At same time, it gets eradicated when new learning takes place.
Model of learning preferences are mentioned as:
Learning preferences are the the quantity of things a learner prefers within certain
educational modalities on others. VAKR model is the learning preference model that includes
types of learning styles which as :
Visual: This draws a picture of all things that are in mindset of learner. When a learner
lacks imagination in any situation then they also misses learning.
Auditory: The learning style improves ability and retention of information that are heard.
These lacks learning through reading.
Kinaesthic: This style encourages learning as per the actions and activities performed. It
is difficult for learners to learn through hearing and reading when they adopt the style.
b. Ways in which theories, principles and models of learning can be applied to teaching, learning
and assessment
Learning theories, models and principles are applied to teaching, learning and assessment
as per the requirements (Devadiga, 2017). For instance, Cognitive model is applied by teachers
in classroom so that learners engage with their past experience and encourage curiosity.
Moreover, emergenist model is applied in assessments through developing an interaction among
learning structure and pressures in cognitive aspects.
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