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Division of Labor: Impact on Gender Equality and Economic Growth

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Added on  2019-10-01

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This article discusses the impact of division of labor on gender equality and economic growth. It covers the importance of specialization, impact on managerial jobs in hospitality sector, and Marx's perspective on division of labor.

Division of Labor: Impact on Gender Equality and Economic Growth

   Added on 2019-10-01

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There is substantial presence of issues concerning gender equality in the labor market. The market has witnessed growth in the in women participation as the new labor force (Becker, 1985). The reason behind the growth can be the increase in the inclination towards the incrementin earning power. Moreover, the growth in the service sector can be the likely assisting factor. If the particular specialization is considered, particularly the impact of such scenario on the managerial jobs in hospitality sector, then it can be stated that the increase in the earnings of the women in comparison to the men have been modest. The service sector has witnessed that the women employees are entangled in various household activities that impact to work effectively on their job (Durand, 1946). The activities include managing children, family, and other activities which reduces their availability for the job mentally and physically. The more absence on mental side impacts the performance of the women employee which eventually impacts their growth.Therefore, it can be suggested that the household activities of the women should be taken into consideration if the gender division is being tracked (Cohen, 2004). The activities that are unpaidbut mandatory such as the household activities should also be counted for the women. Mostly, now women are moving into the jobs that are less different than the activities they do in their household which increases their chance of effectively managing their jobs. The instance canbe taken from the hospitality sector where activities such as managing the restaurant are similar to managing home with the difference of number of individuals.
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The division of labor seems to be the important aspect as it provides improved productivity. The specialization helps increase the productivity in particular aspect and returns are larger. Adam Smith has asserted that extent of the market limits the labor division (Stigler, 1951). Moreover, ithas also been identified that the extensiveness in the trade size increases the opportunities for specialization. Considering the example of hospitality sector, it can be observed in full-fledged manner. When initially there were more orientation towards manufacturing sector and growth, the hospitality sector were being managed by handful of individuals involved in multiple activities. On the otherhand, as the time passed and the orientation changed from manufacturing to the service sector, the hospitality (being one of the attractive service sectors) sector observed drastic improvement in various specialized activities.The increase in the market size allows various individuals and entities indulge in activities that are more specific and produce greater output. Moreover, forming teams while being specialized brings greater output than otherwise (Becker and Murphy, 1994).Apart from the above, the Stigler has identified that the outsourcing of activities that are more cost incurring and mundane, increases the chance of gains (Stigler, 1951). This impacts the cost of production positively as the outsourced activities are generally handled by the entities or the individuals who have specialization in the same. This increases the overall productivity by leaps and bounds in comparison to handling all the activities in house without specific specialization.
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