Impact of Tourism on Society: Environmental, Economic, and Social & Cultural Perspectives

This essay discusses the impact of tourism on society from environmental, economic, and social & cultural perspectives. It covers the development of the tourism industry, new emerging markets, and the positive and negative impacts of tourism on global destinations.

Tourism and Society

Contents
Contents...........................................................................................................................................2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................1
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

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TASK 2
INTRODUCTION
Tourism has been considered as most crucial component of the global economy as it
generates million of the job across the world wide & also generate billions of the dollars in
revenues. Several communities, specially emerging nations has considered the tourism as only
toll for the development, & only chance to increase quality of life. Hence, tourism sector has
stretched from the seaside to mountain resort & from the small villages to the big metropolises.
By at same time, tourism has started to show its uglier side as both the action of tourists and
investors are having adverse impact in the environmental assets and social cultural values of host
communities throughout the world wide (Alves, Sousa and Machado, 2020). Main aim of this
essay is to identify impact of the tourism on society from mainly three perspectives:
environmental, economic and social & cultural. From the perspective of economy, tourism
generates jobs and wealth, but wealth leaks for community & job are primarily low income.
When it comes about the social cultural perspective, then it has been identified that tourism bring
together individuals form different culture, background and traditions & promote the peace. But
at same time, because of the globalisation, several nations have lost their cultural identity and
gave way to the Disneyfication of their town or village. As it has been identified that in tourism,
there is less capacity to participant in the development initiatives, therefore, respective essay will
discuss the issues cornered with equality, access & participation in tourism. This essay will
demonstrate that how tourism industry has developed & become more accessible to the
consumers with the use of fee statistics (Amelung and et.al., 2021). Apart from this, there will be
a discussion on emergence of the new market in tourism sector to that facilitate increasing
customer needs & motivation to travel, positive and negative impact of the tourism on the society
and global destination.
MAIN BODY
The first chapter covers that tourism industry has developed a lot within United
Kingdom as the respective country has a rich cultural heritage. The industry has specifically
provided benefits to the economies of the developing countries, where almost employment of
tourism sector as well as businesses have been created (Aquino, Lück and Schänzel, 2022). The
tourism industry has been developed hand-in-hand with rapid advancements within the

technologies, communications along with the practices or tactics which are associated with the
process of marketing. In the year 1950, the world has welcomed 25million global tourists as per
the data provided by UNWTO while at the end of the year 2019, this has raised to 1.5billion. In
such manner, the tourism industry has been developed in a significant manner. Another way in
which the tourism industry has been developed is that there are fast innovations within the
transportation system that has helped in enabling more and more people to travel (Barrientos-
Báez and et.al., 2020). The respective country has continuously contributing to a higher GDP in
most of countries on an international scale. The emergence of BRIC countries as well as the
tendency for the citizens of well developed countries for travelling to new destinations are
considered as the key reasons. The tourism industry has become more accessible to the
consumers in such a way that it has enhanced the quality as well as the enjoyment level of all the
tourists through making improvements within the accessibility of the tourism services.
Developing fundamental judgements to a facility, providing appropriate information, knowing
needs of disabled people resulted in increased number of visitors which shows accessibility of
tourism industry to consumers.
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As per the statistics, it has been evaluated that international tourism observes a strong
rebound within the first five months of 2022 with arrivals reaching almost half of same period of
2019. around 250million international trips were recorded internationally through May 2022 and
compares with 77million arrivals seen in same month of the year 2021 (Bolan, 2021). The
concept of over-tourism mainly impacts stakeholders in a negative way. Main group of
stakeholders include businesses, tourists, government, local community, special interest groups
and educational institutions. The adverse impacts of over-tourism consist of degraded tourist
experiences, damage to nature, alienated local residents, overloaded infrastructure as well as
threats to heritage and culture.
As per the second chapter, new market in the tourism industry has motivate the customer
by changing their behaviour and attitude towards the travel. Within tourism industry, there are
various significant new emerging market that shift the individual's behaviours. The current &
emerging travel market also related to the outbreak of pandemic (Diekmann and McCabe, 2020).
Few of these areas are mentioned below:
Lifestyle factors- There are various lifestyle factors which are influencing the travel trends
throughout the world wide and motivating people to travel. Concerns over animal welfare and
heath led to a rise in the organic food & increase in the vegan diet. Thus, eco- friendly market
has become very popular among the individual, along with a focus on the local experience that
motivate people to travel without any worry.
Active ecotourism- It is another area or trend that has emerged in tourism in response to calls
for more sustainable & thoughtful tourism (Din, 2018). It motivates people combining the
passion for travel with a direct engagement in the conservation & supporting local environment.
This area of tourism has been growing and frequently include travel to the destination where
fauna, flora & cultural heritage are primary attraction & focuses on the local culture,
volunteering, wilderness adventures and learning the new easy to live on planet. Thus, it
motivates people to travel as it offers them an insight in to impact of the human being on the
nature or environment & foster greater appreciation on their natural habitats.
Sustainable tourism- Mostly travellers have adopted this mindset thus making their travel
decision with environment in the mine. But it is significant to consider that sustainability is not
merely about environment or nature. It is also related to the making a positive impact on
economies and cultures (Kanwal and et.al., 2020). In post pandemic, sustainability has become a
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continue trend in tourism. If organisation play their part to uphold sustainability, then it helps
them in earning trust & loyalty of generation of the travellers who are spearheading such market.
Thus sustainable tourism also attracts the customers and inspire them to travel at different
destinations.
Digitalisation- Nowadays, tourists are equipped with the latest technology. Individual can book
their tickets via online. They can also make a payment through technology. Thus it has make
their travelling very convenient that motivate people to travel without any issue.
The third chapter includes that the tourism industry is considered as one of sector that is
most affected by the pandemic situation of COVID-19. It has greatly influenced livelihoods,
economies, opportunities as well as public services within the global world. Through tourism, the
women have been offered equal opportunities within the work, education, skill development,
income and balanced access to the resources, ownership, technology, finance and control that
play a great role in empowering the women for taking more active as well as equal participation
within the society along with the dynamic attitudes to greater acceptance (Kapera, 2018).
Tourism can provide employment and along with this, it also improves the wealth of a country.
Most of the developing nations have keen interest to develop tourism for the purpose of
becoming richer and richer as well as improving the quality of life for their people. But, when
the large number of the tourists go to one place then it is defined as mass tourism. It can have
both positive as well as adverse impacts on the area or location. The positive impacts of the
tourism on the global destinations consist of creation of the employment opportunities,
generation of more money for the country, increasing demand for the local food and crafts and
many more (Kiani Salmi, Sadeghiyan and Norouzi, 2020). Some other positive impacts also
cover local traditions as well as customs which are kept alive because tourists enjoy traditional
shows such as Flamenco dancing, etc. Money from tourists can be utilised for protecting the
natural landscape as well as new facilities for the tourists also benefit local like new roads are
another positive impacts on the global destinations. On contrary to it, the negative impacts of
tourists on global destination include that jobs are often seasonal such as based on the time of
year and are poorly paid, most money goes out of the area to the large organisations, not locals
and cultural as well as traditions change as outsiders arrive, etc (Kumar and Kumar, 2020). Some
other adverse impacts of tourism on the global destinations cover that prices increase within the
local shops as tourists are often more wealthy in comparison to the local population and
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overcrowding as well as traffic jams are some other examples of negative impact of tourism on
international destination (Liasidou, Garanti and Pipyros, 2022). In addition to it, most of the
common positive impacts of tourism on the culture comprise of the increasing cross cultural
interaction, maintaining as well as keeping local culture, understanding, arts and crafts as well as
traditions, empowering host communities along with strengthening the cultural values.
CONCLUSION
From the above essay, it has been concluded that tourism helped in creating national
parks, & protected areas. where different and unique examples of fauna & flora can be
identifying. But traveller have been evidenced to be an issue, because of pollution that they
generate. Traveller entrepreneurs also be blamed for disrespect to the local traditions & the
atmosphere. Major problem from all these adverse impacts is that local community is only side
which picks up the check for all damages on the tradition, culture and, most importantly on
environment. Apart from this, in this essay, it has been identified that accessible tourism enables
the individual with access requirements, involving mobility, hearing & cognitive dimensions of
access, vision, to function independently & with equity & dignity through delivery of the
universally designed tourism product and environment. There is various new market within
tourism industry that motivate individual to travel more. For instance, sustainable tourism, use of
latest technology and many more help the company to provide good customer service that gain
attention of traveller and make ready to travel. Along with this, it has been analysed that tourism
impact the community and world in both negative and positive manner. Although positive effects
of tourism are mostly connected to the economic benefits such as employments, investment,
infrastructure and many more. Whereas it negative impact include the socio cultural costs.
Therefore it has been suggested to the tourism industry that there should be ethical tourism in
which organisation keep in mind impact of one's action as a traveller on environment & local
community. Ethics, and moral behaviour will make the tourism more sustainable an influence the
individuals efficiently.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Alves, G. M., Sousa, B. M. and Machado, A., 2020. The role of digital marketing and online
relationship quality in social tourism: A tourism for all case study. In Digital marketing
strategies for tourism, hospitality, and airline industries (pp. 49-70). IGI Global.
Amelung and et.al., 2021. Tourism in motion: is the sky the limit?. In Transitions in a
Globalising World (pp. 85-110). Routledge.
Aquino, R. S., Lück, M. and Schänzel, H. A., 2022. Mapping the outcomes of social
entrepreneurship and tourism on host communities: a three-dimensional
approach. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 30(8), pp.1799-1820.
Barrientos-Báez and et.al., 2020. Tourism sector: Communication and sustainable
innovation. Revista de Comunicación de la SEECI, (53), pp.153-173.
Bolan, P., 2021. Tears in the rain: Tourism in the world of Blade Runner and Total
Recall. Science fiction, disruption and tourism, 6, p.109.
Diekmann, A. and McCabe, S., 2020. Introduction to the Handbook of Social Tourism.
In Handbook of Social Tourism (pp. 1-11). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Din, K. H., 2018. Dialogue with the hosts: an educational strategy towards sustainable tourism.
In Tourism in South-East Asia (pp. 327-336). Routledge.
Kanwal and et.al., 2020. Road and transport infrastructure development and community support
for tourism: The role of perceived benefits, and community satisfaction. Tourism
Management, 77, p.104014.
Kapera, I., 2018. Sustainable tourism development efforts by local governments in
Poland. Sustainable cities and society, 40, pp.581-588.
Kiani Salmi, S., Sadeghiyan, N. and Norouzi, A., 2020. Identifying the function and mechanism
of the effect of tourism on supporting destination society with variable of consent
mediator. Urban Structure and Function Studies, 7(24), pp.205-229.
Kumar, N. and Kumar, R. R., 2020. Relationship between ICT and international tourism
demand: A study of major tourist destinations. Tourism Economics, 26(6), pp.908-925.
Liasidou, S., Garanti, Z. and Pipyros, K., 2022. Air transportation and tourism interactions and
actions for competitive destinations: the case of Cyprus. Worldwide Hospitality and
Tourism Themes, (ahead-of-print).
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