Challenges facing by the Tourism Industry - Critical Analysis

This report critically analyzes the challenges faced by the global tourism industry. It discusses the factors influencing the relationship between tourists, host community, environment, and residents. The report also examines the personality characteristics of tourists and the factors that attract them to different destinations. The study concludes that the tourism industry needs to adapt to market forces, respond to customer demand, and embrace new technologies to ensure its future.

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Global Tourism
Challenges facing by the Tourism Industry
(Student Details:)
9/19/2018

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Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................2
Critical Analysis.........................................................................................................................2
Psychocentric personality characteristics and analysis of Plog’s Continuum.......................5
Allocentric personality characteristics and analysis of Plog’s Continuum............................5
Conclusion..................................................................................................................................7
References..................................................................................................................................8

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Introduction
The global tourism and travel industry is unique industry out of world’s largest
industries having large global economic support. The contribution can be induced, direct, or
indirect and the direct economic support of this industry, include attractions, accommodation,
transportation and entertainment. Many widespread travel destinations are growing in tourism
and meanwhile other, less popular countries are emerging for getting the economic profits
from the tourism industry (Lennon, 2003).
Additionally, The Tourism industry has modified from a facility industry, which used
to offer you a nice accommodation, a timely flight, and some delicious food for your fine
experience during vacation. Some other features have been added into that previous style and
at the same time, luxury is also preferred. Travel and tourism industry is now added with
renovation, venture, accomplishment, learning new innovative skills and most importantly
‘Enjoying much of who you are’ than just marking off destinations and things (Page, 2005).
This Report is based on the critical assessment of the studies examined by (Sintayehu,
Kassegn, & Sewent, 2016) and (Hu & Ritchie, 1993) .
Critical Analysis
Australia, China, Hawaii, France, and United States are the chosen destinations to be
observed in this report. Reason for the selection of Hawaii is that it is a regeneration
destination, whereas Australia, France, and United States are capable of giving all types of

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China’s tourist count is anticipated to increase speedily in the upcoming years as the
World Trade Organization (referred as WTO) guesstimating that by 2020 era, the nation will
achieve number one rank number in the universal tourism sector (Sintayehu, Kassegn, &
Sewent, 2016). Additionally, the five destinations chosen above are selected for reflecting
different degrees of acquaintance from the respondent viewpoint. Finally, above five
destinations are major attractive tourism destinations. This will help us to portray useful
conclusions from the perspective of encouraging tourism (Hu & Ritchie, 1993).
All tourism destinations are having these below attributes in common:
 Quality Food is the common key attribute among all destinations.
 All above chosen sites are having Good weather and Climate.
 Availability and quality of accommodations is more than fine at every destination.
 Mesmerizing Scenic view is also a common attribute.
 Communication difficulty is everywhere as language diversity is present.
 Shopping interest is common as each site have its own cultural uniqueness.
 Recreational and sports opportunities are present everywhere.
 Special events and festivals often take place at all popular destinations.
 A historical attraction is one of the very common attribute.
 Accessibility is high, that is why these destinations are touristy places.
 Uniqueness of the local public is everywhere.
 Certainly, entertainment is and must be a common feature among all.
 Museums and cultural attractions are the showcase of liveliness (Kreag, 2006)
In order to strengthen tourist industry of any country, nation, or place, it is very much
important to identify the factors, which are influencing the relationship between tourists, host
community, environment, and residents. Sources of good impacts caused by tourism and

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travelling can be subdivided into two categories: one is destination factors and Tourist
factors. In the context of these article readings destination factors that are part of the site are
to be discussed. These destination factors include Travel linkage and transportation, local
vivacity and management as well as local reception of tourism. Moreover, there are some
destination factors, which are suggested to be reviewed for any tourist destination and lagging
of these areas should be avoided (Theobald, 2012).
 Social environment should be good.
 Improved local financial condition is desired.
 Leisure and Adventure is mandatory component.
 Socioeconomic environment is needed.
 Tourism support cell, for tourists safety and security is essential.
 Relaxation spots are always desirable for tourist’s relaxation.
 Religious spots for all kind of cultures are essential.
 Active settlement as well as visitors bureaus is a strategy to promote destination.
 Tourism services and facilities should be there.
 Sustenance and Involvement of local state Government is always desirable.
 Improved employment rate will help in luxury of the place.
 Lagging in good hospitality will result in poor tourism.
 Positive attitude of tourism guides is necessary to attract more tourists.
 Spatial characteristics for tourism enhancement are desirable.
 Fine pace of development among tourism industry of the place will be appreciable.
 Good number of Public transportation alternatives (Hiemstra & Wong, 2002)

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Psychocentric personality characteristics and analysis of Plog’s Continuum
According to the Plog’s Continuum Psychocentric personality characteristics those
are also known as dependable persons, they prefer to choose touristy destinations, which are
very popular and visited many times by the travellers. They choose familiar sites so that they
can get feedback and travel instructions from previously experienced peoples. They generally
prefer relaxing rather than adventurous sports. If we will talk about accommodations, then
they will go with the family-centred hotels and restaurants and shopping sites than camping.
One more thing to be noticed is that dependable persons always prefer to book complete tour
packages through travel guide and agencies, in order to get best benefits and services during
the vacation or travelling (Mckercher, 2006).
Allocentric personality characteristics and analysis of Plog’s Continuum
According to the Plog’s Continuum Venturer personality characteristics those are also
referred as Allocentric persons, they prefer to choose Non-touristy destinations to explore and
discover adventurous new sites. Therefore, this type of personal characteristics people usually
chooses less popular destinations. Conversely, it is not essential that these destinations do not
have anything to attract tourists or they are obsolete. These destinations lag in their tourism
business as Psychocentric people usually do not know anything about these newly discovered
sites until some traveller who visited the site, will promote it (Mckercher, 2006).
Thus, to get tourist’s attention following acts can be executed in order to promote ‘Off the
beaten track’ image from less popular destination:
 Providing Value-added offers
 Readily available public transportation
 A directed vision, accordingly planning and execution
 Providing Accommodation offers and discounts (Faulkner, 2001)

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 Promoting attractions of the site through travel agencies
 Involving Hotel, Retail, transportation, and business services industry into tourism
contribution
 Availability of Food, beverages, clothing, recreation and household goods
 Strategic Marketing of the destination (Chen & Chen, 2010)
As per the report of the travel recreation research, during past 40 years of century,
international tourism industry has developed to turn into a global strength of social,
economic, and ecological significance. Conversely, during the upcoming 40 years, tourism
industry is estimated to remain to double or triple in the count of economic contribution and
travellers. The upcoming years will be important in defining the path of the international
tourism business (Scott & Gossling, 2015). As The tourism, industry can help stressed
economies to discover a basis of required development and for the creation of
employment. Conversely, some tourist sites that are suffering from security and economic
related damages will get a great way to transform their markets into developed economies
(Prideaux , 2005). Simultaneously, China will be always the foremost source of global
tourists, and other evolving tourist markets will try their best to grab tourist’s attention for
popular as well as non-touristy travel destinations. Overall, the extent of rivalry in chasing
tourists will be increasing more and the count of country providers of effective tourism will
go higher. Additionally, when growth in this global tourism industry continues, then it will
promote its revolution, aiming to provide benefits to public, economy and tourism providers
of the host country.
Tourism is the main commercial engines for countries providing a sum contribution of
9.5 percent to global GDP and 8.9 percent of entire employment during year of 2013.
Moreover, Tourism can embellish when the industry will employ skilled staff and sustainable
employees, which is the core of excellent and swift service delivery structure. Therefore, this

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article review is giving summarized knowledge about encounters and opportunities of global
tourism as well as hospitality employment (Sintayehu, Kassegn, & Sewent, 2016).
The study inspects diverse types of holiday experiences because investigational
factors incorporate a specific methodology while measuring destination attractiveness and
desired factors. Total 400 respondents were inspected through telephonic communication.
During the inspection, three aspects are analysed for two vacation experiences. First, is the
significance of touristic features while contributing to the destination attractiveness and
second, is the deviation in the observed capability of travel destinations to fulfil tourists’
desires, and third, is the effect of former visitor experience with every destination on apparent
attractiveness. A situational outlook measurement model is employed here to analyse touristic
attraction for all destinations studied. Finally, the inferences of these results focus on
marketing and development creativities of improving attractiveness of the several
destinations (Hu & Ritchie, 1993).
Conclusion
The discussion on global tourism here conclude that capability to adjust to
marketplace forces, respond to customer demand and embrace novel innovative technologies
are the weapons to ensure the future of Travel and Tourism industry worldwide. However,
around the world there are some places where tourism causes a fear of migrants, immigrants,
and persons with diverse religious beliefs among public. This fear of public and constraints of
liberty of movement signifies the greatest challenges to global tourism industry.

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References
Chen, C., & Chen, F. (2010). Experience quality, perceived value, satisfaction and
behavioural intentions for heritage toursits. Tourism management, 31(1), 29-35.
Faulkner, B. (2001). Towards a framework for tourism disaster management. Tourism
management, 22(2), 135-147.
Hiemstra, S., & Wong, K. (2002). Factors affecting demand for tourism in Hong Kong.
Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 13(1-2), 41-60.
Hu, Y., & Ritchie, J. (1993). Measuring destination attractiveness: A Contextual approach.
Journal of Travel research, 32(2), 25-34.
Kreag, G. (2006). Sources of Impacts. In G. Kreag, Impacts of Tourism (pp. 13-17).
Minnesota: University of Minnesota.
Lennon, J. (2003). Tourism statistics: international perspectives and current isuues. UK:
Cengage Learning EMEA.
Page, S. (2005). Transport and tourism: Global perspectives. London: Pearson Education.
Prideaux , B. (2005). Factors affecting bilateral tourism flows. Annals of Tourism Research,
32(3), 780-801.
Scott, D., & Gossling, S. (2015). What could the next 40 years hold for global tourism?
Tourism Recreation Research, 40(3), 269-285.
Sintayehu, A., Kassegn, B., & Sewent, T. (2016). Employment opportunities and Challenges
in tourism and hospitality sectors. Journal of Tourism and Hospitality, 5(6).

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Theobald, W. (2012). Classification of Tourism Demand. In W. Theobald, Global Tourism
(pp. 19-22). London: Routledge.