Tourism Planning Environments

This report includes a plan to manage the effects of climate change on tourism in the local government area of Australia. The report explains the role of government, business, and stakeholders in managing the impact of climate change on the tourism industry. The report also discusses the proposed planning process and the possible approaches and instruments to address the issue. The report highlights the need for the implementation of the plan to reduce the impact of climate change on the tourism industry.

RUNNING HEAD: Tourism Planning Environments 0
Tourism Planning Environments

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Contents
Position statement..................................................................................................................................2
Background context...............................................................................................................................2
A statement of need...............................................................................................................................5
The scope of the proposed plan.............................................................................................................7
Proposed process...................................................................................................................................8
References...........................................................................................................................................10

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Position statement
It is crucial to understand the tourism trends. This report includes a plan to manage the effects
of the climate change on tourism in the local government area of Australia. The climate
change impacts Australian tourism and the economic benefits which generate through the loss
of tourism attractions. The country relies on the nature-based tourism which is at the direct
risk from the climate change impacts (Amelung and Nicholls, 2014). I have been working in
CSIRO, Australia for the last five years. The CSIRO is an independent Australian federation
which is responsible for the scientific research. The main goal of the agency is to improve the
economic and social performance of the tourism industry for the benefit of the country. The
climate change projections are used as a basis of this report which is prepared by the agencies
such as CSIRO.
CSIRO is committed to delivering triple bottom line benefits to Australia such as, economic,
environmental and social. The agency tackles national challenges with the government and
the industries. It creates opportunities to increase competitiveness and reduce risks. The
agency works to benefit economy, environment and the local community. The mission
includes the tourism industry; it impacts on the world and prosperity. This report is going to
address the climate change issue faced by the Australian tourism industry. A tourism plan is
suggested and the need for its implementation. This plan considers the role of government,
business, and stakeholders. The plan also considers the possible reasons for the government
intervention (Bardsley, Palazzo and Pütz, 2018). Further, the scope of the plan is discussed
along with the identification of possible approaches and instruments. The report also explains
the outline of the proposed planning process comprising details of the consultation,
implementation, and review.
Background context
Tourism is the second largest industry in the country which is valued at Aus $40 billion. The
industry is employing more than 580,000 people in the nation. Australia’s tourism industry is
under increasing threat from climate change.
The government is required to reduce carbon emissions harming the beaches and national
parks. The popular destinations in Australia are at risk. The major cities located at the coastal
areas such as Sydney, Hobart, Cairns, Melbourne, Darwin, and Adelaide are expected to face

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frequent flooding in the coming years. The most popular natural destinations comprising
beaches can become no-go zones during peak holiday seasons due to an extreme temperature
which reaches up to 50 degrees in Melbourne and Sydney. The nature-based tourist
destinations in the country are beaches, wildlife and national parks which accounts for
attraction in the country (Booth, et al, 2015). The impacts of the climate are extreme heat
waves, rising sea levels, and coastal flooding. The world heritage site which is capable of
attracting millions of visitors each year is revolving from insignificant bouts of coral
bleaching. It is due to the warming sea temperatures connected to the climate change. The
global warming has put the risk of serious consequences in the prime travel destinations of
Australia. Out of which, some destinations are facing the prospect of vanishing entirely. The
climate change is threatening Australia’s valuable and fastest growing tourism sector (Anwar,
et al, 2015). The agency has focussed on the natural destinations such as beaches, wildlife,
and national parks in order to know the effect of climate change which affects tourism in the
country.
The number of visitors was 8.8 million in 2017. These international visitors spend $41.3
billion. The tourism sector supported 545,000 jobs in 2016. It fell by 3.8% in 2017. The
direct contribution of the tourism sector to employment was indirectly supported by 12.5% of
total employment that is 1,495,000 jobs. It fell by 2.6% in 2017. The tourism sector in
Australia is extremely susceptible due to the reliance on the natural attractions. The federal
and state government also ignored the climate change risks to the tourism in the
government’s tourism 2020 plan. This plan did not mention any aspect of reducing emissions
or growing sustainability of the tourism industry. The climate change has an enormous
impact on the employment. Over 1 billion people are employed in the agricultural sector
which is the 2nd greatest source of employment. The climate changes such as, droughts,
famine, floods and variability in the rainfalls has an influence on the employment of
agriculture. Many people working in the agriculture sector faces job insecurity, deteriorating
working conditions and increasing level of poverty (Butler and Whelan, 2018). The hotel
industry is one of the growing industries. The tourism sector is extremely affected by the
climate change. The rising sea level in the many coastal areas has to address changes in
relation to jobs. The employees like travel guides, workers in hotels and transport sector face
difficulties due to the climate change.
The climate change effects to economic conditions in Australia as the adverse conditions in
climate reduce tourism activities and trade cycles. The tourism sector is affected so badly that

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it influences the local taxes, interest rates, exchange, and the inflation rates. The climate
change declines the tourism industry trends. The climate change also poses risks to the future
economic growth. The reduction in GDP reduces the spending power of tourists. The climate
change has an impact on the social organizations and it changes the lives of people in
Australia. The plan is required to be implemented in order to reduce the changes in the
climate. The lifestyle trends and the demographics of Australia are affected by the change in
the climate. The tourism trends and lifestyle trends have been greatly influenced by the
climate change (Capstick, et al, 2015). The preference of people changes related to tourism as
the climate changes also they prefer to travel less to the coastal areas. The environmental
factors comprise the weather and the climate change. The climate changes occur due to the
global warming and it impacts tourism activities. The awareness of the environmental factors
has become a significant issue. The desire to protect the environment is having an impact on
the tourism and the government is taking environmental friendly approach towards tourism.
There is political stability in Australia and it keeps on planning policies to face climate
change challenges. The government provides funds, grants, and other initiatives. The
technology has been implemented such as input-output model to estimate the impact of
changes in the tourism expenditure. The technology is updated from time to time to know the
impact on the organizations caused due to the climate change (Dragouni and Fouseki, 2018).
CSIRO uses climate change modelling to predict what can be in store in the coming years for
the tourism destinations in the country.
The climate change is putting Australia’s valuable and rapidly growing sector under threat.
The extreme heat waves, coastal flooding, increasing sea level a wide-ranging coral bleaching
are the impacts of the climate change. It makes the hotspots less attractive to the visitors
(Dredge and Jamal, 2015). The beaches of Australia are the most popular tourist destination
but as per the climate predictions coastal flooding is likely to become more frequent in the
cities like Cairns, Sydney, Hobart and more. According to the survey, about 17 to 23% of
tourists have switched destinations due to the beach damage. It caused Aus $56 million loss
for the Sunshine Coast, Queensland. The surf coast in Victoria also suffered from the loss of
Aus $20 million every year.
The climate change is an alarming situation about the impact of coral bleaching in the Greater
Barrier Reef. It can affect the tourism economy of the region in the long run. The saltwater is
conquering the freshwater wetlands of the national park. The reports clarify that the five
attractions of the country such as beaches, wildlife, national parks, the Great Barrier Reef and

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wilderness areas are not climate change proof (Frusher, et. al. 2014). The extreme
temperature in the destinations makes tourist destinations uncomfortable for the visitors. It
also poses health risks. These issues are important enough to have a new policy.
A statement of need
The plan is needed to improve the adverse climate changes in Australia. The climate changes
not only affect the local residents and their profession but it also affects the GDP of the
country overall. It reduces the worth of the tourist attractions. The plan can guide the tourists
about the perfect time of visiting the destinations (Gang, et al, 2015). So that tourists can visit
at appropriate timings and the tourism sector can also generate income out of it. The plan can
assist the tourism industry and others in countering to the climate change through:
 The decision makers can be sustained with the practical guides, kits and the
benchmarking tools to support in managing impacts of the climate change.
 The plan can provide climate change predictions and regional impact consequences
targeted to the tourism sector. It comprises reliable and certified measurements.
 The plan generates the knowledge to recognize and manage climate change risks to
biodiversity, coasts, human health, and infrastructure (Xiang, Magnini and
Fesenmaier 2015).
 The plan includes stakeholders to develop practical strategies to manage the risks and
the impacts of the climate change. It also includes the prevention, mitigation, and the
strategies.
 The plan assesses the possible adaption strategies for the high risk and high-value
assets.
The government can take a number of policy initiatives for the tourism industry with
developing suitable tools in response to the climate changes. The government can address the
national obligations regarding climate change and reduction of the greenhouse emissions. It
can also include national and sectoral qualification goals. The government decides the desired
sectoral measures comprising voluntary, price based and directive regulatory measures. A
national modeling framework can be undertaken to justify the carbon footprint and the
placement of this (Greenslade and Slatyer, 2017). The government develops emissions to
reduce goals for the tourism sector. It evaluates the impact of cost on the competitiveness of
the Australian tourism industry flowing from their execution. The government also develops

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individual management plans to address modification and adaptation goals for the tourism
sector.
The government, tourists, people involved in the tourism activities, tourism centers and
institutes are the stakeholders. These stakeholders suggest the ways to face climate changes.
They contribute efforts to build the destination image of Australia (Woodhead, et al, 2016).
The engagement of the stakeholders can be understood by:
 A communication strategy is developed in order to promote awareness across the
tourism sector. In the initial stage, the key stakeholders are required to be identified at
different levels such as national, state and regional.
 The organizations are required to play an important role in taking adaptation
measures. These organizations are regional tourism, local government and the
industry associations like TTF, AFTA, AHA and more.
 A tourism sustainability portal should be developed to provide the option of a one-
stop shop for the supporting tools concerning climate change across Australia. The
STRTC has maintained a platform to maintain the site for the tourism industry.
 The information packages and the toolkits should be prepared to support industry
managers to take mitigation and adaption actions (Vardoulakis, et al, 2014).
There are various trends in Australia which influences the climate. The sea surface
temperatures have warmed by .9 degree Celsius. The global sea level has also increased in
the twentieth century. It was 225 mm higher in 2012 than in 1880. The rates of sea level also
vary in different regions in Australia. The higher sea level is observed in the north. The
greenhouse gases affect the climate by altering incoming solar radiation and outgoing
radiation which is a part of the energy balance of the earth. The change in the properties of
these gases leads to the warming or cooling of the climate change. The declining trend in the
winter rainfall also persists in southwest Australia. It affects the climate and the sea surface
temperatures (Head, Adams, McGregor and Toole, 2014).
The CSIRO faces challenges of the climate change. The agency improves the economic and
social performance of the tourism industry. The climate change projections are used by the
CSIRO for the further prediction. The agency takes action to prevent and minimize the worst
consequences of the climate change. The agency can take strong action to cut the production
of greenhouse gases at the local, national and international level (Schäfer, Ivanova and
Schmidt, 2014). The agency can make sure that the vulnerable communities adapt to the

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certain changes which cause global warming. The agency relies on the efficiency of the
businesses to provide best strategies for addressing climate changes.
The government can intervene if there is the possibility of any harm to the natural inheritance
and public of the country. The plan can be modified by the government as per the predictions
made by the tourism industry. An action plan can also be provided by the government. The
government interferes in order to boost the economy. The government also makes use of the
new technologies to evaluate the effects on the industry because of the climate change
(Phelps, Boyce and Huggett, 2017).
The plan can bring the significant precautions that can be used to save from the harmful
effects of the climate change. The predictions can be helpful in managing the natural
destinations of the country accordingly. The plan assesses the possible adaption strategies for
the high risk and high-value assets (Howes, et al, 2015). The plan creates the knowledge to
identify and manage climate change risks to biodiversity, coasts, human health, and
infrastructure. The plan also develops practical strategies to manage the risks and the impacts
of the climate change. It also comprises the prevention, mitigation, and the strategies.
The scope of the proposed plan
The plan can provide a guide for the visitors according to which they can plan their trips.
There is a national online strategy for tourism and it undertakes various options to make
improvements in the tourism sector. The plan includes a goal to achieve the target of growth
and undertakes measures to improve the performance of the tourism industry by pursuing
opportunities. It aims to increase consumer spending and address supply-side factors. The
predictions of the agency are helpful in the outcome and developing Australia tourism
(Herring, et al, 2015). The competitive marketing campaigns used by the plan helps to engage
customers and book visit to Australia.
The instruments appropriate for the plan are domestic policy and the international
instruments. The domestic policy instruments enable individuals to achieve specific goals.
The international instruments can be used by the groups (Penman, et.al. 2015). Both the
instruments provide the benefits and address the climate change issues.
The instruments can be used effectively as it includes the consent of the government. The
instruments follow the rules, laws, and actions of the government. It also includes

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implementation at the individual level as the precautions can be taken by the individuals such
as controlling emission of gases which cause the greenhouse effect.
The resources required are both financial and human. The human resources are required to
carry on the prediction process of the climate change. The financial resources are used to
conduct the research work (Lew, 2014). The tourism education and training should be
conducted for the residents and the visitors. Australia is one of the leading sectors and it
contributes to the economic growth and employment.
The plan has various advantages as it is effective in reducing impacts of the climate change.
It is helpful in increasing the contribution of the stakeholders by increasing responsibility
towards the concern. The stakeholders develop practical strategies in order to manage the
risks and the impacts of the climate change. It also includes the prevention and alleviation.
The policy can provide direction to the visitors, public and local businesses. The appropriate
timing of visiting the places can sort out various problems. For instance, the coastal areas can
be visited when the temperature is low (Malek and Costa, 2015). The plan also provides the
guidelines to reduce the impact of global warming which is the human concern. The
stakeholders show more concern than before and take all the required steps to face the
climate change challenges.
Proposed process
The planning process is a specific process to achieve a desired goal to reduce impacts of the
climate change. It includes various plans which aim to achieve efficiency and effectiveness. It
also guides visitors to make decisions concerning their contribution towards the environment.
It can be made possible by understanding the harmful effects on the environment which
causes climate change. The various technologies can be used to consult visitors. The plan is
helpful in resolving the queries of the visitors regarding the visit. The visitors can know about
the appropriate time for visiting places (Pacifici, et.al. 2015). The plan can be implemented
and the guidelines and the details can be uploaded on the government website, tourism
website or CSIRO’s website. The plan can be reviewed tome on time by the government or
the higher authority. The government can ensure the effectiveness of the plan. The
government can carry all the programmes and process to check how effective the efforts are.
The plan is successful as it brings positive changes in facing challenges of the climate
change. The visitors like to visit the country when there are fewer climate changes. It is the

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effective plan to control the aspects of the climate change. Its outcome can be judged from
the increasing number of the customers.

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