TOURISM Research Report: Research Design, Data Analysis, Methods

This report presents a comprehensive research design for investigating the challenges and impacts of technological changes in the tourism and hospitality industry. It outlines the problem statement, research objectives, and a detailed methodology including exploratory research design, data collection methods using a Qualtrics survey, sample selection, ethical considerations, and data analysis techniques. The report justifies the use of close-ended questions in the survey for better response capture, explains the sample selection process, and discusses relevant ethical considerations. The research aims to explore the shift from manpower to technology, the relationship between customer satisfaction and employee service, and the impact of technology on the workforce. The report also provides a detailed description of the Qualtrics survey structure and the importance of survey design for data collection.

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Research for Business and Tourism

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Table of Contents
Research Design..........................................................................................................................................2
Data Collection Methods.............................................................................................................................3
Qualtrics Survey...........................................................................................................................................5
Sample Selection.........................................................................................................................................6
Ethical Considerations.................................................................................................................................7
Data analysis Techniques.............................................................................................................................7
References...................................................................................................................................................9
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Problem Statement
In this research the following problems have been considered:
 The challenges in implementing technological changes.
 The negative impact that can happen due to a sudden overhaul of the businesses systems.
Research Objectives
The main objectives of this research paper are as follows:
 To investigate the change from the workforce to technology
 To investigate the relationship between customer satisfaction and employee service.
Research Design
Research Design is a presence of mind required, clear understanding, and thinking to do the
executives of the whole research venture. It is the technique, a voluntary arrangement, and the
structure, how to lead a specific research venture. The approach is the accumulation of
information's reasonability to respond to the exploration questions. Anderson and Shattuck
(2012), demonstrate that exploration reasoning has hugeness, and these suppositions help in
choosing research strategies and system. As per Bergold and Thomas (2012), it is significant for
a business and the board researcher, to pick a legal research procedure since it will comprehend
and explore.
Explanatory research design-In request to find the reason impact relationship, the utilization of
educational research is used for the investigation. As expressed by Bergold and Thomas (2012),
a comparative analysis is utilized to investigate the impact of changes in a single variable to
another variable. Besides, the firm understanding of causation is because of the effect of a couple
of external components that creates an adjustment in the needy variable. Educational research
goes past endeavors and portrayal for delineating the explanations behind the circumstance that
the spellbinding examination watches. This research design utilizes theory or hypotheses to
produce the powers that case a noteworthy wonder to occur.
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Descriptive research design-This design is used by researcher experts to clarify and elucidate the
inward properties and connections of a particular wonder which is under investigation. What's
more, Crowther and Lancaster (2012) enlightening research help to delineate the fitting profile of
circumstances, individuals, or occasions. In contrast to the exploratory research, clear research
helps to characterize the strategy for investigation, questions, and individuals overviewed before
the inception of information gathering.
Exploratory research design-This design is a standout amongst the most dependable strategies for
satisfying the need for examination in study ponder with the ideal outcome. Also, the
arrangement of quantitative information is noteworthy as an investigation style by numerous
researchers for planning a viable thought dependent on the examination. The exploratory
research design incorporates optional assets, including pay decrees and financial data. As
expressed by Easterby-Smith et al. (2012), exploratory research is an investigation dependent on
another marvel or thought because of its adaptability. Besides, this design is used for grasping
the essential study just as for accomplishing new bits of knowledge to break down the marvel
from another point of view. As contended by Green et al. (2012), an exploratory research design
does not help to test the theory; instead, it merely helps to create them.
Justification
In this paper, the researcher will follow an exploratory approach as the researcher will conduct a
Qualtrics survey which would enable him or her to collect primary data.
Data Collection Methods
The techniques and frameworks of data collection can be inspected as a great deal of
methodology that makes the pro accumulates essential data and data concerning the
investigation. This can be found that every one of the data and data, which are aggregated by the
authority is associated with location all the investigation questions. Additionally, there is one
other reason behind the collection of data, and that data is used for the examination of the
hypothesis. This can be found that the techniques for data collection can be isolated into two
characterizations, and those are, for instance, primary data collection and the discretionary data
collection. For the test of this specific research, the investigation has encountered fundamental
data collection strategy as appropriate.
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Primary data collection can be considered as the technique, which can be prepared to amass data
and data without the help of any sources like journals, articles. Moreover, primary data collection
can be segregated into two critical parts, for instance, emotional data collection system and the
quantitative data collection strategy. The individual data collection process relies upon numerical
calculation. For this circumstance, the table is made subject to the accumulated data, and starting
there ahead, the examination of that table happens. On the other hand, this can be found that
there is no numerical calculation in the sums data collection process. For this circumstance, the
investigation happens subject to the opinion of individuals. Besides that, this can be found that
the systems with the expectation of complementary data collection can be considered as the
strategy that amasses data and data by depending upon sources like journals and articles. Beside
the journals and the materials, in this data collection system, the expert can be utilized the
papers, magazines, and a grouping of other illuminating assistants. As communicated by Grove
et al. (2012), for this circumstance, this is basic to allude to that the data and data, which can be
collected from the discretionary sources, are usually one-sided by its trademark, and there are the
issues for the inadequacy of congruity moreover. The researcher picks the primary data
collection method to do the investigation. The investigation relies upon a diagram of 100
respondents and five bosses.
Overview arrangement is generally required for primary data collection methods. This has no
need if the master picks the discretionary data collection procedure to lead the examination.
Affecting the surveys can be considered as the main gadgets to investigate the fundamental
strategy. For this circumstance, the researcher by and broadly developed a couple of request for
the respondents and subject to their answer, the individual being referred to make the tables.
Starting there forward, those are researched by the expert as well. Nearby the request for
respondents, the investigation has been developed the application for chairpersons too. This is
essential to lead the method of gathering in a productive system. With the help of the utilization
of the survey plan, the techniques for the collection of data and data can end up being direct for
the researcher. Surveys can be apportioned into two areas, for instance, meeting and self-
administrated. To hint at progress result, the authority needs to develop better reviews, and that
can help them with proficiently finishing the investigation.
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The procedure for testing can be portrayed as too much imperative and profitable to coordinate
the examination. This can be found that this methodology is essential, as this is prepared for
requesting the review of quantifiable data and data. For this particular research, the picked test
can be considered as necessary, and this can obtain a superior aftereffect of the investigation.
Besides that, this could be genuinely acceptable for the researcher to use many announcements
concerning back and that can happen in the period of research. In this examination, the
investigation has been envisioned that subjective probability testing is the most fitting. This kind
of investigating is useful and profitable to do the test. This can be found that there are four sorts
of testing, and those are, for instance, probability assessing, sporadic probability looking at, non-
probability analyzing, subjective no-probability inspecting. Possibility of looking at the system
can be considered as the path toward examining that can be used for the sporadic decision. Under
the discretionary assurance system, the researcher should develop the technique.
On the other hand, this can guarantee that different units in masses hold conditional probabilities
of being picked. This can be educated; this is the most significant and useful frameworks for
doing the specific research in the correct sort out the way. To lead this investigation regarding
the matter of impacts of globalization on Indian business: socially, monetarily and truth be told,
the examination has picked one hundred respondents for the strategy of the diagram and five
executives for the technique of gathering.
The method of data examination can be best described as the technique for reasonably taking a
gander at the data assembled for an investigation reason in its every componential locale.
Execution of rational data examination is fundamental to the down to earth realization of any
investigation. The data examination process is sorted out as it were, which enables the
investigator to review and plays out a comprehensive examination of the accumulated data to
create an investigation finding (Kolb, 2012). Data examination reasonably allows the authority in
disentangling the advancing to wonder in a significant way, with the objective that the
appropriate future walks in setting to the investigation subject can be resolved.
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Qualtrics Survey
Qualtrics is a popular web tool which can be used to conduct online surveys for research and
other forms of data collection activities. A set of questionnaires needs to be uploaded, which is
then sent to various people who record their responses accordingly. The efficiency of the survey
depends on the type of question selected in the study. There are multiple types of items which are
as follows:
Close Ended questions: Close Ended questions are questions where the respondents are generally
free to express their responses. There might be a word limit, but usually, these types of problems
don't bind the respondents to answer in a particular way.
Open-Ended Questions: Open-ended questions are questions which generally provide the
respondent with a fixed set of options, and the respondent can choose either one of the options as
their answer. Close-ended items are very accurate in recording their answers. This is generally
used in research purposes and also in market surveys.
Poll questions: In this, the response of all the participants are collected, and the answers are
shown in the form of graphs and charts. This is used generally to understand public opinion
about a sure thing.
Multiple choice questions: this is a form of close-ended question where the respondent has to
select his or her answer from the provided options.
Checklists: In this, the respondent generally ticks or marks the options that he agrees too.
Ranking questions: It is also a form of close-ended items where the respondents arrange the
given option according to their preferences.
Fill in the blanks: in this, the respondents are free to fill up space according to their choice. This
is a form of an open-ended question.
Rating scales: in this, the respondents need to give ratings to the given options. Based on the
scores, the analysis is done. It is used to estimate consumer demand for a particular product or
service.
Justification
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Close-ended questions will be used in this survey as they are better in capturing the responses of
the respondents better than other forms of items and are also much more accurate which
inevitably enhances the accuracy of the entire paper.
Sample Selection
Sampling plan or configuration is the technique that is utilized in portraying how members are
chosen from the available populace. Probability sampling system and nonprobability sampling
method are two sorts of sampling procedures. Probability sampling can be simple or amazingly
basic, expensive, and tedious relying upon the field circumstance. Probability sampling kills
oblivious or cognizant predispositions in picking the component on the part of the scientist.
Probability sampling likewise, figures sampling blunder. The Probability sampling techniques
are 1) Cluster sampling; 2) Simple irregular sampling; 3) Stratified sampling; 4) Systematic
sampling, and 5) Multi organize sampling Maxwell (2012). Non Probability sampling is an
emotional strategy in which choice likelihood for each populace unit is obscure in advance. The
notion likelihood sampling techniques are: 1) Convenience sampling; 2) Judgment sampling; 3)
Snowball sampling; and 4) Quota sampling (Miller et al. 2012).
As expressed by MacDonald (2012), the sample measurement is broke down through three
critical variables a kind of examination, dimension of assurance of the data gathered speaking to
the populace and edge of decent blunder. Because of money related and time imperatives, a
sampling system has been utilized for the meeting. For this investigation, a sample size of 100
respondents has been picked.
Justification
In this paper, probability sampling will be used as they can be useful in identifying underlying
ideas which can enhance the nature of the article.
Ethical Considerations
As remarked by Kuada (2012), the researcher ought not to uncover any data with anybody. It's a
moral issue that ought to be secured by the researcher. Also, the researcher ought not to drive
any respondent to finish the study. In any case, the moral issue incorporates some specific
proposals for field audit process moreover. The broad research master requires considering after
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some academic examination recommendations by applying probability moral thought amid the
field conversing with the method. As such, the ethical issues bolster a few researchers to make
free and exact examination process by isolating both essential and auxiliary information
legitimately. Likewise, the moral issue fuses research, field, and survey converse with a strategy
that helps the significant research proficient at collecting and assembling principle information.
In this manner, the researcher can't accumulate essential and trustworthy information without
considering the moral thought.
Data Analysis Techniques
Data analysis incorporates using of programming like SPSS, Anova Test, MS Office and so forth
the scientist will utilize Office to investigate gathered auxiliary data as early expressed,
subjective research venture is affected by optional data collection strategies. The analyst can lead
a profitable personal research venture with the assistance of illustrative research plot with the
support of voluntary assets like books, diaries, and the web, the analyst, can reasonably lead a
subjective research venture. The inductive methodology is utilized as a bit of the personal
research, in any case, gathering auxiliary data. The specialist can lead a profitable particular
research paper with the assistance of the optional data accumulation method.
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References
Anderson, T., and Shattuck, J., 2012. Design-based research: A decade of progress in education
research?. Educational Researcher, 41(1), pp.16-25.
Bergold, J., and Thomas, S., 2012. Participatory research methods: A methodological approach
in motion. Historical Social Research/Historische Sozialforschung, pp.191-222.
Crowther, D., and Lancaster, G., 2012. Research methods. Routledge.
Easterby-Smith, M., Thorpe, R., and Jackson, P.R., 2012. Management research. Sage.
Green, J.L., Camilli, G. and Elmore, P.B. eds., 2012. Handbook of complementary methods in
education research. Routledge.
Grove, S.K., Burns, N., and Gray, J., 2012. The practice of nursing research: Appraisal,
synthesis, and generation of evidence. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Kolb, S.M., 2012. Grounded theory and the constant comparative method: Valid research
strategies for educators. Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy
Studies, 3(1), p.83.
Kuada, J., 2012. Research methodology: A project guide for university students.
Samfundslitteratur.
MacDonald, C., 2012. Understanding participatory action research: A qualitative research
methodology option. The Canadian Journal of Action Research, 13(2), pp.34-50.
Maxwell, J.A., 2012. Qualitative research design: An interactive approach (Vol. 41). Sage
publications.
Miller, T., Birch, M., Mauthner, M. and Jessop, J. eds., 2012. Ethics in qualitative research.
Sage.
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Appendix
Qualtrics Questionnaire
1. What is your age?
 Below 18
 18-25
 25-35
 35-45
 Above 45
2. What is your Profession?
 Student
 Private Service
 Government Service
 Self Employed
3. Do you travel a lot?
 Yes
 No
4. What do you look for when you book a hotel?
 Hassle Free Booking
 Free breakfast
 Technologically advanced systems
 Ratings on various portals
 Other
5. Do you believe that replacing human labor with advanced methods in hotels can actually
help its clients to have a better experience?
 Strongly Agree
 Agree
 Neutral
 Disagree
 Strongly Disagree
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6. Will you prefer a hotel over its predecessor just because it has replaced manpower with
technology which is much more accurate and customer friendly?
 Yes
 No
 Can’t Say
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