Tourism and Development: Case Studies

This assignment requires you to analyze tourism development in four prominent destinations – the USA (focusing on Mount Rushmore), France (Eiffel Tower), England (Tower of London), and Spain (Madrid Royal Palace) based on the given articles, online sources, and images. You'll examine the impact of tourism on these locations' development, cultural identities, and environmental sustainability.

TOURIST DESTINATIONS

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Main tourist destinations and generators in the world .....................................................1
1.2 Statistical determines for tourism destinations trends and prediction for future..............6
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................8
2.1 Cultural, social and physical features of tourist destinations ..........................................8
2.2 Features of developing and leading tourist destinations...................................................9
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................11
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................11
4.1 Issues that affect to popularity of tourist destinations....................................................11
4.2 Potential for responsible tourism that enhance community in worldwide tourist destination
..............................................................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

Illustration Index
Illustration 1: Eiffel Tower..............................................................................................................2
Illustration 2: Mount Rushmore of USA.........................................................................................3
Illustration 3: Tower of London.......................................................................................................4
Illustration 4: Madrid Royal palace.................................................................................................5
Illustration 5: Burj Khalifa...............................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
In success of each country, tourism playing very important role. This is because, it assists
to enhance growth and national income of the country. Further, it also deals in international or
global market to make effective relationship with different nations. Therefore, it plays critical
role in the country by the tourism development (Kim, Uysal and Sirgy, 2013). However, there
are several other aspects also which impact negatively on the tourism such as cultural
differences, economical differences, etc. Diversity of activities incorporated within the tourism
industry determines the magnitude and complexity of the links between the tourism and other
parts of the nation. In this context, report based on Trip Advisor which located in Needham,
Massachusetts that is the largest travel agency in all over the world. They have more than 315
millions people and 500 million hotels, attraction and other related organisations.
In order to focus on the present report, it covers tourist destination that generates more
number of visitors and income as well. Furthermore, it discusses about the destinations of
tourism to develop trends for present and future as well. Moreover, report also includes social,
cultural and physical features for tourists those comes towards the business. In addition to this,
comparison have been develops for leading tourist destinations. At last, report discusses about
the issues that affect to different destination of the country.
TASK 1
1.1 Main tourist destinations and generators in the world
In order to attracts different tourists, from all over the world there are several tourism
places demonstrates in all over the world. In order to make popular the tourist destination,
destination also enhances through make very popular to observe several numbers of people needs
and desire (Hawelka, Sitko and Ratti, 2014). In the large nations, there are several tourists
destinations founded where more than 31 million customers are regularly visiting. It includes
Malaysia, Thailand and other East Asia countries in which visitors come from Europe, Latin
America, Africa. In respect to assess the world tourist destinations, there are different areas
considered as the top five tourist places such as France, USA, Spain, China and Italy. As per the
present research, it has been assessing that France attracting maximum number of visitors in a
year. Approximately there are 85.7 million travellers prefers to visit the France.
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From the above nations, around 20.33 million customers generally prefer night visiting
and remaining people also take the interest for the adventure activities. In the tourism industry,
France able to generate 66.80 million revenue every year (Bateman, Harwood and Fezzi, 2013).
As results it creates positive impact on the functioning because it increases visitors number. In
addition to this, there are many other tourist destinations exist which assists to enhance
profitability and productivity in the nation. In the Paris, The Eiffel Tower is one of the greatest
and famous landmarks. It feat with ingenuity which has structure of 8000 metallic parts. It has
been design by Gustave Eiffel as the temporary exhibition for the world fair of 1889. The
structure of Eiffel Tower has unique gracefulness characteristic which impressed visitors because
monumental size and breaking in three parts as well (Hughes, 2013).
Further, next tourist destination also prefer to sea attractive things in USA through the
country getting more than 76.3 million visitors every year. In this way, nation is able to generate
more revenue up to the 220.10 million annually. Mount Rushmore is the American landmark
which is a national memorial located in South Dakota. It is constructed in early 20th century. This
destination depicts the faces of four former American presidents. Each of the determines as
carved and blasted from the side of rock face (Wates and Knevitt, 2013). Visitors can easily
admire larger than life faces of Thomas Jefferson, George Washington, Abraham Lincoln and
Theodore Roosevelt.
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Illustration 1: Eiffel Tower
(Source: Alexander, 2017)

3
Illustration 2: Mount Rushmore of USA
(Source: 25 Top Tourist Attractions in the USA, 2017)

In addition to this, there are many destinations exists in UK. In this aspect, England offers
travellers endless possibilities. It is the small influential country which is simply bursting with
fascinating to the exciting cities and also for culture tradition which is rich. There is famous
place of Tower of London which is prison, palace, treasure vault and observatory place. It is
considered as the wide building in the England. There is enough space to see World Heritage
Site which assists to keep engaged to visitors for many hours (Sparks, Perkins and Buckley,
2013).
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Illustration 3: Tower of London
Source: (Dearsley, 2017)

Along with this Spain is the third largest in term of tourist destination. In this aspect,
country accomplish more than 65.10 million revenue in previous year. There are around 8.2
million people coming for night visiting. Royal palace of Madrid is the famous place which
visited by many tourists. This palace is the official residence of Spanish Royal Family at the city
of Madrid. It is also used for ceremonies as well (Evans, Joas and Theobald, 2013).
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Illustration 4: Madrid Royal palace
Source: (Royal Palace (Palacio Real), 2017)

Beside this, many researches also carried for tourism destinations within the Europe and
other areas of market. It includes Colosseum Rome, Burj Khalifa in Dubai, which is listed in one
of the best destination in all over the world. There are several factors considered such as
attraction features, economic factors, cultural and heritage, etc. (Sharpley and Telfer, 2014).
1.2 Statistical determines for tourism destinations trends and prediction for future
In order to analyse the present trends for tourist destination, UK has the top most rank in
tourist destination. It also assists to predict for future trends in these nations. Travel and tourism
destination as the other industry experience has several aspects for visiting (Roberto, Swinburn
and Brownell, 2015). In addition to this, visiting to the popular place becomes to see particular
place and destination which can be seen. Following are certain recent to trends which determines
statistical aspects:
Social media facilitate: Social media facilities developed continuously within the nation.
It describes for self travel research over the internet using for tourism sites (McCabe and
Johnson, 2013). In addition to this, engaging in conversation with the travel agents also enhance
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Illustration 5: Burj Khalifa
Source: (160 stories about 160 storeys!, 2017)

experience towards the destinations. Therefore, it is the effective recent trend within the UK
market.
Deals provide for discount and offers: In addition to this, tourism operates for
developing special deal to get greater attention from the market. Further, travellers more inclined
towards the booking at last moment. Therefore, it will take several benefits to make popular
deals in the country (Iqbal, Choudhury and González, 2014).
Tourism with mobile: Mobile tourism developing through websites of travel agents. In
this aspect, tourists can utilising mobile for researching and booking to find accommodation,
attraction and many other activities. As results, it can be stated that it is the another effective
strategy which used for ascertain more effective results (Tanner and Harpham, 2014).
Travel and culinary experience: Present tendency incline of the travellers towards the
culinary experience. It includes food and drink trails, cooking classes, day long the feasting, etc.
Therefore, tourists will easily get effective services with qualitative material and outcomes
(Shaheen and Cohen, 2013).
Services that are personalised: In order for planning the tour, travellers given to the
personalised for attention and help. In this aspect, web services can be rising through providing
the free Wi-Fi facilities, using of QR codes, etc. As results, it will assist to develop functioning
and outcomes that are required to the nation (Buhaug and Urdal, 2013).
Within the world tourism industry, mainly France deals effectively to make effective
results in order to attract tourists. This is because, only France has several tourist attractions such
as historical monuments, mountains, sea beaches, etc. Tourism trend in the France also
increasing very fast nowadays (Bae, 2017). At a faster rate, price of Euro are falling and also
provide tourists with effective and better exchange rate. Revenue rate of the country expected to
increase around 15% in upcoming days. France getting large amount of share which is the major
factor behind the job creation for enhancing living standard of people as well (Sthiannopkao and
Wong, 2013).
In addition to this, there are many other nations included which are undergone due to
rising of trends such as India, London, Spain, Thailand and Hong Kong. There are several
elements driving to the global tourism industry (Storry and Childs, 2016). In the fastest growing
industry, tourism is developing within the London market. This is because, they are focusing on
the social media with optimising bookings. Travellers switching to complete their holidays
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almost 72% in the UK. As results, future tourist looking towards unique places and undiscovered
the outcomes. Adventure travels also going for the greatest tourism types in the near future.
Because of the globalisation and fewer barriers in the travel, business travellers also getting the
more flexibility. As results, tourism market will take up more international voyages as compare
to previous year (Caragliu, Del Bo and Nijkamp, 2013). In addition to this, tourism industry take
up the major part to focus on the regional economies and revenues. It increasing employment,
develop infrastructure and facilitating the foreign exchange.
TASK 2
2.1 Cultural, social and physical features of tourist destinations
In respect to determines new business opportunities, Trip Advisor need to take
established operations within the two destinations like London and India. In both countries,
following are certain factors determines which create impact on business functions and
outcomes:
Cultural features: In different nation, distinctive culture has been followed on that basis
organisations are working. Therefore, systematic way has been developed in the country. It
includes religion, language, festivals, etc. (Nijkamp and Perrels, 2014). As results, these
elements highly impact on the company when they are operating in new areas. When Trip
Advisor will enter in London, mainly culture create impact on their performances. This is
because, the country adopt culture that is stable which based on complex, stringently and unique
aspect that will influence to the business. Beside this, when the selected entertainment enter in
India they have to adopt historical culture. This is because, India adopts historical culture in the
country for operate functions and operations to attract customers. Along with this, there are also
certain elements determines impact on the chosen organisation performances such as opinion and
sentiments of the residential people (Geddes and Scholten, 2016). As results, history and
background has been design for the particular destination.
Physical features: In London, several kinds of physical feature that can be founded in the
four different types of physical region. For example, Tower of London, British Museum, Big
Ben, Buckingham Palace, etc. also major destination in which Trip Advisor can attract their
customer easily. On the other hand, India mainly focus on different aspects such as spiritual
places, mountain range, etc. With this regard, it is known as unity of diversity with the highest
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mountain such as Himalayas. In addition to this, there are many other tourism destinations exists
such as Jaipur, Udaipur, Agra, Goa, Kanyakumari, etc. (Miller, Merrilees and Yakimova, 2014).
There are famous destinations exists Taj Mahal, beaches, Hawa mahal, Red Fort, Pangong Lake,
and many more. Further, hill mountain area mainly covered by two third population so that it has
been carry topography and diverse physical features. As results, the selected business can
develop tourist destination to attract many customers. Government of the nation takes
advancement in the business to measure safety and enhancing the facilities which could be
preferred for tourist spot (Keeble and Wever, 2016).
Social features: Within the India, different kinds of food that eaten in each side. For
example, curry, rajma, sweets, etc. As results, the selected business unit will easily enter in the
country through concentrate on food which need to be served to customers as per their
requirement (Caragliu, Del Bo and Nijkamp, 2013). Beside this, in London Fish and chips, Eton
Mess, Pie and Mash, etc. dishes eaten. Therefore, Trip Advisor need to enhance their functions
as per the dishes of the country. Most of the employees of the chosen business associated in
travelling sector to target young generation people. The tourism sector in the country also helps
to play active role in order to enhance effectiveness (Roberto, Swinburn and Brownell, 2015).
In the contemporary world, globalisation has been gained as the higher trend of tourism.
Further, development of the country has been taken through enhancing number of tourists
destinations. Moreover, transportation and technology made with concept of tourism which is
lucrative offers for natives. Local residents also gained positive benefits in order to determines
enhancement of economical and financial liftment (Kim, Uysal and Sirgy, 2013). Beside this, it
has also mentioned that many times, growing of tourism in the particular destination which acts
to diminish threat at workplace through enhancing peace of local areas. There are number of
factors exists which assists to gain preference in tourist destinations. Therefore, cultural, physical
and social factors are essentially determines in tourism sector. Enhancement of facilities highly
preferred for the tourist spot so that advancement of the initiatives assists to grow tourist
destination.
2.2 Features of developing and leading tourist destinations
In respect to leading with tourist destination. It helps to develop range of differences
which interims that also provide to the tourists to make attractive and presentable. As results,
most of the features creates impact on tourist destination such as UK from the developing nation
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such as London and India in which social factors design to make implication that are based on
the development of the tourist destination are the cultural factors. In addition to this, physical
conditions which could be impact to the preferences of the tourists (Evans, Joas and Theobald,
2013).
Basis London India
Cultural Within the London, complex
and unique features are
develops that require cultural
aspects. Therefore, Trip
Advisor need to adopt culture
in their business accordingly.
It assists to increase large base
of customers that increasing
profits and revenue as well.
Beside this, in India has
historical culture determines so
that the selected business unit
operate their functions and
operations through targeting
people for destination which
based on traditional culture
(Sparks, Perkins and Buckley,
2013).
Social In London, mainly attraction
based on the several kinds of
food such as Pie and Mash,
Bangers and Mash, Eton Mess,
etc. As results, Trip Advisor
entertainment will establish for
the customer requirements and
choice (Roberto, Swinburn and
Brownell, 2015).
However, in India mainly
Biryani, momos, Indli, etc.
food eaten by several kinds of
people so that Trip Advisor
attract the customers or tourists
who demanding for different
types of dishes. As results,
they have to develop their
functions and operations
according to customer choice
based food.
Physical feature Physical feature in this country
demonstrates as per the basis
of Eastern desert. It helps to
ascertain operations and
functions; tourist attraction
As compare to this, in India
has several kinds of mountain,
hill area and many other
destinations in which Trip
Advisor need to adopt
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will be developed in
systematic aspect. For
example, Tower of London,
London Eye, Buckingham
Palace, British Museum etc.
As results, it will enhance
profitability to attract people in
nation. In addition to this,
physical features also
developed the major tourist
attraction to target the people
by government advances
(Caragliu, Del Bo and
Nijkamp, 2013).
historical culture to attract
their candidates. As results, in
this strategy customers have
interests to see mountains
through effective functioning.
TASK 3
Covered in ppt.
TASK 4
4.1 Issues that affect to popularity of tourist destinations
Popularity of the tourist’s destinations depends on the number of factors which have an
ability to render effective results within the organisation. For example, changes in customer
demand requirement, etc. Due to these factors, long term objectives have been developed as per
the preferences and popularity of tourist destination such as India and London. One of the major
issue is that tourism destination faces frequent instances of the tourism and unrest that plagues
the destinations (Bateman, Harwood and Fezzi, 2013).
Virgin Holidays Limited thinks that it is the major issue which can impact on their plans
and objectives. Due to this reason, company also raises their plans which can be impact on the
tourists. The group of Virgin Holidays Limited adopted several types of principles in UN global
compact initiatives. There are certain standards develop in major areas which require by the
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company. Major areas included such as areas of basic values, honesty and respect, business
models and ethical standards as well (Sparks, Perkins and Buckley, 2013).
It has been mentioned that other issue created due to lack of political instability and
inability. Therefore, present government deal with the issue that create effectiveness of the
tourism promotion plan. It also reduces tourist safety and security for foreign tourists. Factors are
also impacted to the development of the well-defined plan which change climatic conditions
which impacted due to global weather. Therefore, Virgin Holidays Limited group determines
that preferences of the tourist rely on the weather conditions which impact for the particular
place. This is because, any tourist will never go in extreme hot climate (Miller, Merrilees and
Yakimova, 2014).
As results, extreme whether generally avoided by the tourists which reduces preferences
of customers towards the particular tourist destination. Climate change also beyond the human
control which has been developed by the particular destination according to the specific change
in the climate. Due to natural disaster, tour plan impacted such as earthquake, drought and flood.
As results, it creates negative feedback on the customers toward the Virgin Holidays Limited
when they are entered in India and London. Tourists also tends to avoid the place which has the
history of natural disaster which reduce preferences. As results, it will impact negatively on the
long term economic development of the nation (Kim, Uysal and Sirgy, 2013).
4.2 Potential for responsible tourism that enhance community in worldwide tourist destination
Virgin Holidays Limited group has the largest responsibility to entail effective usage of
the resources which has the ability to determines effective possession of the tourist destination.
Therefore, the cited business need to make sure that they are taking proper care in the heritage of
the nation. The chosen organisation explains importance of the sustainable development. It is
very important to take necessary steps for future growth. Therefore, information teaches towards
the further generation of India and London. In addition to this, the selected enterprise also
requires utilizing proper use of resources that are generally used with the people (Roberto,
Swinburn and Brownell, 2015).
In the India and London, main responsibility of the chosen business is to reduce harmful
impact from the economy, cultural ad social life. Therefore, it is beneficial to maximise direct
and indirect employment which could be impact on the tourism industry which is sustainable in
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nature. However, tourism enterprise has role to create positive impact to create more
employment which impact positively on the functions and operations of destinations.
These ideas very useful for the Virgin Holidays Limited group to manage their resources
that has been carried for developing results within the nation. Furthermore, efficiency of the
selected tour plan also depends on the ability which grows continuously and ensure safety of
tourists (Miller, Merrilees and Yakimova, 2014). Therefore, there are many businesses also
exists that are able to ensure effectiveness to solve country issues. In this aspect, hazards and
lack of changes on the organisation. Therefore, tourists are satisfied with the services which tend
to bring more number of people within the industry. Responsibility of the tourism enterprise also
includes the ability on the organisation part. Therefore, it will help to follow all rules and
regulations for the development of the proper network in tourism industry (Caragliu, Del Bo and
Nijkamp, 2013). There are several responsibilities in term of tourism in the nation are as follows:
 Business scheme for the green tourism
 New forest
 Association of independent tour operators
 Green dragon
Therefore, Virgin Holidays Limited leading and responsible to promote natural beauty
and\ maintain discipline. As results, ethics also need to be promoted to develop effective
functions in the nations where the organisation developing operations.
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it can be concluded that, tourism sector business determines
effective opportunity within the nation. In this context, present report is based on the Virgin
Holidays Limited and Trip Advisor which is the largest tourism enterprise that provides different
kinds of travelling services within the country. Furthermore, it summarized about the
development of the economic performances of the country in successful aspect. This is because,
it increases foreign visitors that increase country performances as well. It assists to explore
effective opportunities within developing nations. Moreover, it articulated about the tourist
destinations in several countries that enhance income and opportunities for enhance profits and
revenue. It helps to attract the customers through providing them effective features and outcomes
in the products and services. In this way, organisation can also provide them knowledge
regarding new country locations and their facilities.
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In addition to this, report also discussed about feature of developing and leading the
tourist destination. In this way, report concluded about the different nations in which Virgin
Holidays Limited affected because of cultural, physical and social perspective. Therefore, it is
another positive way through customers know about the facilities of the organisation. Report
explained about London and India countries in which the largest tourists' comes every year for
visiting. Apart from this, it also compares about the current leading tourist destinations with
developing the outcomes in the business unit. At last, report summarized about issues that can be
impact on the tourist destinations of the different nations. For example, cultural diversity, long
term objectives, etc.
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Online
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Royal Palace (Palacio Real). 2017. [Online] Available through:
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