Tourism Management: London Eye

This assignment delves into tourism management within the context of the United Kingdom, specifically examining the popular tourist attraction, the London Eye. Students are tasked with analyzing various aspects related to this destination, including its image, perceived value, service quality, and the role of memorable experiences in shaping tourist loyalty. The assignment draws upon a provided list of academic sources to support analysis and understanding.

Tourist Destinations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK-1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 The main tourist destinations of the world in terms of numbers and income generation 1
1.2 The latest trends in tourist destination and prediction of future trends............................5
TASK-2............................................................................................................................................8
2.1 The culture, social and physical features of tourist destinations .....................................9
2.2 Comparing features of developing and leading tourist destinations................................9
TASK-3..........................................................................................................................................13
3.1 Comparison between current leading destination of tourism with developing tourist
destinations...........................................................................................................................13
3.2 Characteristics of a tourist destination that affect its appeal:.........................................21
.............................................................................................................................................29
TASK-4..........................................................................................................................................29
4.1 Issues that affect popularity of tourist destinations........................................................29
4.2 Potential of tourism to enhance the host community.....................................................30
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................31
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................32

INTRODUCTION
On the economy of the country there is a huge impact due to tourism sector. Across the
globe this sector have provided job opportunities for many unemployed employees and is also a
good source of creation of income. In some parts of countries it also considered as an important
source of welfare (Kim, Holland and Han, 2013). The tourists that are choosing different
destination as per their desire and needs. More and more countries are trying to improve their
destination in order to increase the n umber of tourist in their country. The goal of tourism
sectors is to provide the tourists with best experience during their travel. There are many
beautiful place in the UK that can be visited by the tourists.
In this report the well-known destination of the world will be presented in terms of their
rank and income generation. This report will also represent the latest trends in the tourist
destination. The various features such as social, culture and physical features etc of tourist
destination will also be shown. A comparison of developed and developing countries will be also
conducted in this report. This report will also present the issues that affects the popularity of
tourist destination.
TASK-1
1.1 The main tourist destinations of the world in terms of numbers and income generation
The country is called a tourist receiving country when the number of tourists that are
visiting that particular country are more in number. For an instance if the number of tourist that
are visiting China for their travel then China will be termed as a tourist receiving country. The
country is termed as tourist generator company when the number of tourist are generated from
that particular country. For an instance if the n umber of tourist that coming form Spain are more
than it will defined a tourist generating country. France is the highest tourist receiving country in
the world as the number of tourist that are visiting France are more in number in comparison
with other countries of the world. Every year the number of visitors are also visiting Germany
for global destination. The London, Manchester ,Cambridge , Glasgow etc are the major
destination of tourists in the UK (Komppula, 2014). Some well-known and popular tourist
attractions in the UK are tower of London, St.Paul cathedral, Westminster Abbey etc.
The table that is given below will represent the countries on the basis of rans that
is mostly preferred by the tourist
Rank Country Location Visitors Visitors in Change 2010
1

market visiting 2014 to 2015
1 France Europe 70.7 m 72.7 m 2.0 %
2 USA America 52.3 m 54.2 m 8.3 %
3 China Asia 56.6 m 48.3 m 8 %
4 Spain Europe 49.6 m 49.9 m 1 %
5 Italy Europe 42.6 m 40.1 m 0.6 %
6 UK Europe 28.0 m 25.1 m 0.1%
7 Turkey Europe 22.5 m 20.7 m 5.6%
8 Germany Europe 21.2 m 20.2 m 9.2 %
The next table will show the income generation of these all countries (Mowforth and
Munt, 2015.). At the top position the country that is earning the highest income will be
represented and at the down position the country that is earning the lowest income in this tourist
sectors will be shown.
Rank Country Location market Income generation
1 USA America 100.5
2 Spain Europe 50.5
3 France Europe 45.2
4 China Asia 44.8
5 Italy Europe 35.6
6 Germany Europe 32.6
7 United
kingdom
Europe 30.5
8 Australia Oceania 30.2
2

Thus looking at both of these tables one can conclude that the major tourist receiving
country of the world is France whereas the country which is in top position of earning the highest
income is USA. The trends in fashion and the excellent architectural design in France are the
reason that number of tourist are more in number in this country. At the 6th position UK stands
in context of number of tourists that are visiting this country and it stands at 7th position in terms
of income generation from tourist activities (Pearce, 2014). The tourist that are visiting UK
found its tourist spots quite attractive and also the highest number of tourist spots in the world
are in London and for this reason it is also known as busiest city in the world. The Buck house,
London eye and Science museum are the tourist spots that pulls the eye of crowd towards it.
The given tables below will show the statistics for tourist generating countries.
Rank Country Expenditure Market
share
Population Per capita
expenditure
1 Germany 80.1 8.3 77.4 950
2 United States 73.2 8.2 74.3 243
3 China 42.6 6.1 1348 40
4 UK 49.2 5.2 48.6 768
5 France 37.3 4.2 34.7 623
6 Canada 23.1 3.1 28.5 897
7 Japan 22.1 3.0 25.7 210
8 Italy 26.3 2.5 23.8 440
Since Germany has the biggest economy in the world that is why Germany is leading
tourist generating country. It is ranked at 4th position in the world as well. In terms of tourist
generating countries United states stands at 2nd position. At 4th position UK stands in terms of
tourist generating country ad in the world it stands at 7th position. The $39602 is the per capita
income of UK. On the lifestyle, people spend heavily in the UK (Pike and Page, 2014.).
3

4
Illustration 1: London Eye
(Source:London Eye , 2017.)

1.2 The latest trends in tourist destination and prediction of future trends
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Business 8166 9000 8834 8120 6513 6790
Holiday 9170 10555 10768 10924 11423 11669
Study 600 690 650 550 500 503
VFR 8657 9403 9720 9723 8780 8404
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Business 4044 4750 4543 4574 3680 4000
Holiday 4567 4960 5111 5478 6370 6509
Study 1112 1210 1134 1200 1369 1400
VFR 3210 3500 3590 3816 3780 3659
5
06/27/1905 06/28/1905 06/29/1905 06/30/1905 07/01/1905 07/02/1905
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
Number of visitors
Business
Holiday
Study
VFR

From the above graph it can be concluded that from 2006 to 2010 the number of tourist that are
visiting and the money that is spent by them in this destination is being increasing.
The London is the most visited tourist destination of the UK. London is being visited by
both domestic and international visitors. The various attractions are there in London which is
being visited by tourists. More than 14 million tourist from oversees were there in London in the
year 2013 who visited London. Towards the economy of UK 14 million dollar is contributed by
London. The economic significance of London is good. For the development of economy of
London the sectors of tourism is considered as a primary factor. The huge revenue is earned by
tourism when the number of visitors that are visiting London do shopping and visit exhibitions of
London. The opportunities of job are proved by tourism sectors (Telfer and Sharpley, 2015). The
various initiative is also taking by the government of UK in order to proved tourist with better
services in this country. In order to increase the number of tourist that are visiting UK the
government have invested a lot of money in online advertisement. By these advertisements the
tourist will come to know about facilities and services and beautiful attractive spots of UK.
The Olympic games that have been held in UK have provided major attraction to people
who are visiting UK. More and more tourist are visiting UK due to these games held in this
6
06/27/1905 06/28/1905 06/29/1905 06/30/1905 07/01/1905 07/02/1905
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
Money spended by people
Business
Holiday
Study
VFR

country. Across the globe London is the only city in which these games were held 3 times in a
year. The tourist that are visiting UK are large in numbers as also as in the UK there is
Manchester which is famous for its arts, crafts and design centres. The number of tourist
that will be visiting UK will increase in the coming period. It is expected that about 235 million
people will visit UK and in them about 20 million pole will be from international origin. A high
source of income will be generated from this. The UK is planning to have Eco-tourism has more
and more customer today prefer this type of tourism. This will help to protect the environment.
The more number of tourists will be there if the tourism in UK becomes Eco-tourism (Volgger
and Pechlaner, 2014.). Various organization s are helping UK in order to promote ecotourism in
this county.
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TASK-2
8

2.1 The culture, social and
physical features of
tourist destinations
There are two most
popular destination in UK
which is known Big Ben and
Tower of London these two
places are the most beautiful
places in UK.
Physical features
In the UK, Big Ben is
known as the most visited
place .The number of tourist
that is visiting UK are more in
number as it has the presence
of educational institution and
historic monuments. Big Ben
is also known for Houses of
Parliament which is the most
iconic landmarks on London
street. Big Ben is the name
given to the massive bell
inside the building which
weighs more than 13 tons
(13760).
Other destination of
UK which is again very
famous and effective
launching new results and
make the systematic
performance. On the other
Social and cultural
In terms of seasonal
employment the sociology-
cultural benefit from the
industry of tourism. The
lifestyle of people looking for
permanent job can be spoiled
by this sector as seasonable job
opportunities is been provided.
This problem of temporary job
need to be solved in these
sectors. It is essential to attract
tourist towards the education,
research and medical so that
throughout the year the tourist
attract this country and the
permanent job will be there for
the people. The cultural
significance of the country will
be enhanced as the crafts and
design market of the country is
expected to grow. And for
London the behavioural values
will also be enhanced for
tourist that are visiting London
towards Big Ben and Tower
of London . There can be both
positive and negative impact
on environment due to this
sector. The positive impact
will be that natural destination
2.2 Comparing features of
developing and leading
tourist destinations
The historic tourist
destination features that can be
compared between developing
country and leading tourist
destination are infrastructure,
branding ,purpose of tourism
etc. As the developing country
India have been selected and
the destination of tourist that is
been chosen is Taj-Mahal at
Agra .And it's comparison will
be done with developed
country such as London .In
comparison, with the elements
of infrastructure such as roads,
travel industry and
construction industry are much
better in London.
The support for
tourism destination in London
is better comparison with
Agra, India. In terms of
branding the interests is been
take by government and other
stakeholders in order to
promote London tourism.
They want that more and more
number of tourist should visits
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side, Tower of London
officially is a historic castle
located on the north bank of
the River Thames in central
London.
More than 16 million
people visit London and from
tourist activities it contributes
about 11 billion dollars. In
London activities of tourism is
considered as the major
economic driver. The
industries such as
transportation, construction ,
hotel and food industry also
earn revenue from the tourism
activities in London (Zehrer
and Tschiderer, 2014).
Through direct or indirect
ways more than 0.1 million
people are employed in
tourism activities. In the
coming time the economic
development from activities of
tourism will increase. Through
online method various
attempts are being made by the
government to promote
tourism activities of UK. From
the perspective of social
benefits tourism in London is
will be preserved in order to
generate more revenue form
tourist activities. The negative
impact will due to pollution
and wastes discharged from
tourism activities. Due to
positive impact on tourism the
roads are well-developed and
historic monuments are
maintained in order to increase
the number of tourist that are
visiting UK (Zhang and Lu,
2014).
The most visited tourist
destitution in the UK is
London. As it compromises
various attractions so it is
being visited by both domestic
and international visitors. Like
of the people visited to the
The number of visitors in the
London in year 2013 was
about 15 million. Towards the
economy of UK. The
economic significance of
London is good as it
contributes net 17 billion
dollar. For a huge number of
people, it provides possibility
of employment. The rates of
unemployment have also been
London as this will increase
the income and also will be
good for economic growth of
the country. By using booth
online and offline tolls the
awareness regarding elements
of cultural and heritage are
bestowed. But on the contrary
note India is far behind
London as the efforts that is
done by government of
London is more in comparison
with India. In order to promote
its branding more efforts need
to be done by India.
The purpose of tourism affects
both developed and developing
countries. In India for pleasure
the tourism is done as it will
provide seasonality on Indian
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also essential; and the social
perspective of tourism is
preferred by tourists. In
London the tourist are source
of peace, cultural and heritage.
In London the local
community is also being
benefited from tourism
industry as support to local
business and jobs is been
provided by this sector
(Tourist destination in UK,
2017).
decreased due to tourism
activities in this country. In
order to make the visitors
about the tourism in UK the
initiatives is also being taken
by the government.
industry of tourism. However
on the sire in London the main
objective of tourism industry is
to provide the complete leisure
to tourism so that they
maintain their historic
monuments and also keep the
hygiene atmosphere. The
tourism is considered as
different industry in developed
industry as a lot of money is
invested in order to maintain
and manage the monuments.
However, in comparison with
developing country these
sectors is considered as a
source of extra income. This is
the reason why monuments of
developing countries are not
up to mark. The industry of
tourism is not considered as a
stable source of income. So,
the numb er of tourist that are
visiting this place are less in
comparison with developed
country. The communication
issue is also faced by India
while interacting with tourists.
So, the less number of ole pref
to visit India as tourist
destination. There is a low
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significance of culture in
developing countries and to
the economy of country it
contributes about 4.15 whereas
the travel and tourism industry
in UK contributes about 10%
of the GDP of the country. In
order to visit monuments,
world heritage sites etc people
visit India .However, people
visit UK in order to see the
industry of entertainment. In
the world UK is at 8th position
whereas India is far behind in
comparison with this country.
The transport facility in India
is also not proper. The buses,
trains are underdeveloped.
However, in developed
countries the well-maintained
roads are there and also the
transport facility is excellent.
In order to make people about
rich culture and heritage the
government of India need to
do proper marketing .In India
also there is a wide range of
tourist attraction but there
maintenance is not proper. So,
the government need to do
proper branding of these sites
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so that more and more tourist
will visit this place (Kim,
2014).
TASK-3
3.1 Comparison between current leading destination of tourism with developing tourist
destinations
13

14

15

16

In terms of environmental protection costa rica is at 5th position whereas London is at 9th
position. Thus , it can be said that infrastructure, government in initiative and marketing done by
UK have more impact in comparison with costa rica so more and more tourist are visiting UK
in comparison with other countries.
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Economy of the country - In some years UK is growing continuously. On the contrary side costa
rica is not growing and developed .It is considered as a developing nation .In comparison to UK
it has less number of tourist that are visiting this destination.
Political aspect - The destination is chosen by the tourist as per their safety. The more safe and
secure place will be preferred by tourists. The countries such as Iran that are under the
continuous threat of tourism are not being chosen by tourist as the risk is high at these places.
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Physical aspect - The climatic condition also are very essential. The pleasant weather is being
chosen by people and they avoid going at hot places. So, in comparison with Costa Rica pole
will prefer more to go to UK.
20

3.2 Characteristics of a tourist destination that affect its appeal:
Rates of crime- For the tourist it is one of the major determinants .The tourist will prefer going to
places where the rates of crime is low .In London the crime rate is quite low but in streets such as
Brighton resort and Oxford street the pocket of visitors is been picked .
21

Publicity and sales promotion – There need to make some efficient promotional strategy by the
government so the number of tourists that are visiting that country are more in number .For an
instance the strategies that is made by UK to held Olympic and Paralympic games in the year
2012 was a successful one .There was a high inflow of tourist in London due to this Olympics
games that held in the country. The government should make proper strategies in order to
enhance its ales and increase the number of customers that are visiting their country.
22

Impact of economy- The negative impact on the sectors of tourism in London is there due to
increase inflation and higher currency process . If the business is expanded across the globe then
the more in umber of visitors will be visiting those tourist destination.
23

Destination as a choice- The interest of tourist and the level of satisfaction of tourist is defined in
this. With respect to the choice of urban or rural place ,region etc there may different choice of
the tourists. Based on the choice of tourists the tourist destination may be impacted by the
number of tourists that will visit that place. Both costa rica and London have diverse aspects and
the tourist will be attracted towards the different attributes. The numerous choices have been
provided by both these places and thus have a huge potential.
24

Access to destination – The appeal is affected by this factor. The tourist destination that is
accessible easily will have higher appeal. It can be termed as proximity to tourism generating
regions. By the transport connectivity of the destination the accessibility is governed . In
comparison with Costa rica ,London is more accessible to tourists .To the capital cities both of
the cities are close but there are better roads and airways in the UK that will attract more number
of customers towards it. The road transport in Costa rica is not so developed and enough tourist
is there that can afford air transport.
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Cultural appeal- In this the traditions, relation and festivals are included in the cultural aspect.
The lifestyle and cuisine are also been included in the cultural aspect. The cultural aspect of
Costa rica is based on church .But the cultural aspect of London is quite different in
comparison with Costa Rica
Features and attraction – The attraction such as events and other reasons for travel like education
sectors also attracts travelers. In comparison to costa rica London is more secure for tourists .The
higher appeal for tourist is there in UK as the health facilities are also better. The various events
that are held in UK also attracts the tourist towards the country .There is a lower appeal of costa
rica in comparison with UK..
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Political factor – UK stands ta 7th or 8th position among leading tourists destination. But the
political factors is the drawback fort his country as the system of taxation is not similar to
European countries. The tourism in UK is also very costly and is not affordable for some tourists
For this country to get a Visa is not an easy task. The process to get a visa is also difficult and
time-consuming. So, the number of tourists that are visiting this destination reduced as also made
these things make the tourist complex and complicated. The terror attacks also reduce the
27

number of visitors that are coming to visit this place.
28

TASK-4
4.1 Issues that affect popularity of tourist destinations
The following are the issues that affects the popularity of these tourist destination. They
are as follows-:
Terrorism – Today more and more countries are being attacked by terrorists. So, the sectors of
tourist is facing a great loss due to these attacks that is taking place in the county (Terrorism in
UK, 2017). Due to these terror attacks more and more tourist are choosing destination where the
chances of these attacks are less. The more crowded destination is not been selected by the
tourists as the chances of terror attacks in these places are high. In London the terror attacks that
took place was London bridge attacks in this many tourists where injured due to this for some
period the number of tourist that were visiting this destination were reduced but now the
condition is better from before (Iqbal and González, 2014). The fear among people is their due to
this terror attacks. The tourists visit this destination for their pleasure and to spend some time
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with their friends and family and not to put their life ta a danger. So, due to terrorism the safe and
less crowded destination are being visited by tourists.
Climatic condition – This is also an essential factors by which the popularity of tourist
destination gets affected. The tourists mainly prefer pleasant and peaceful weather so they select
their destination as per the climatic condition of the countries. By most of the tourist London is
being visited in the moths of July to Augusts as the weather is quite appealing and pleasant
during this time. But in the months of December to February the number of visitors that are
visiting UK are less in and the winters of UK are not so pleasant for tourist. So, the tourist are
less during winters. Mostly in summers people visit UK to spend some time with family and
friends.
The tourists that are visiting UK are managed efficiently by this country .And also the
major initiative is also taken by the government of UK in order to make tourist of UK in top
position of the world. The industry of tourism in UK is affected by adverse rates of inflation and
high rates on exchange rates (Chen, Chen and Okumus, 2013.). The increasing pollution from
industry is also affecting tourism and the riots that is taking lace is creating a bad image of
London. So, the government of this country need to promote Eco-tourim so that pollution and
waste disposal will be less and more and more tourist will be attracted towards this destination.
4.2 Potential of tourism to enhance the host community
The international visitors prefer easy access to facilities .The standards of toilets and
washing facilities need to be made high in order to make their destination more appealing and
attractive. The visitors that are visiting the destination are mostly demanding a good signage,
good maps and a well service campsites. The chances of increase in international visitors are
high in comparison with domestic visitors .In the coming years that is 3-4 years the number of
international visitors will increase in numbers. In order to attract international visitors the
countries should enhance and improve their facilities. On the economy a positive impact will be
there due to responsible tourism .This will provide more job opportunities to the people and also
the sales of local shops will in creates due to this. The issues such as drugs, child sex tourism etc
is also payed attention by responsible tourism (Carlisle and Tiffin, 2013.). The awareness about
environment and financial support for conservation can also be proved through Eco-tourism. UK
is leading towards responsible tourism about the natural beauty of UK need to be promoted and
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discipline need to be maintained in tourism industry. This way in tourism industry ethics will be
sustained.
CONCLUSION
Thus summing up the above report it can be concluded that for tourists that are visiting
the countries tourist destination are essential. The government of each country ned to take some
initiative in order to promote tourism of their country. France is at top rank among tourist
destination that is visited by tourist and in terms of income generation USA is at top position.
Many organisations are helping UK to promote Ecotourism in the country. The terror attacks and
climatic condition affects the popularity of tourist destination. The responsible tourism is making
a positive impact on the economy of UK.
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REFERENCES
Books and journals
Carlisle, S. and Tiffin, S., 2013. Supporting innovation for tourism development through multi-
stakeholder approaches: Experiences from Africa. Tourism Management. 35. pp.59-69.
Chen, H.J., Chen, P.J. and Okumus, F., 2013. The relationship between travel constraints and
destination image: A case study of Brunei. Tourism Management. 35. pp.198-208.
Iqbal, M.S. and González, M.C., 2014. Development of origin–destination matrices using mobile
phone call data. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies. 40. pp.63-74.
Kim, J.H., 2014. The antecedents of memorable tourism experiences: The development of a scale
to measure the destination attributes associated with memorable experiences. Tourism
management. 44. pp.34-45.
Kim, S.H., Holland, S. and Han, H.S., 2013. A structural model for examining how destination
image, perceived value, and service quality affect destination loyalty: A case study of
Orlando. International Journal of Tourism Research. 15(4). pp.313-328.
Komppula, R., 2014. The role of individual entrepreneurs in the development of competitiveness
for a rural tourism destination–A case study. Tourism Management. 40. pp.361-371.
Mowforth, M. and Munt, I., 2015. Tourism and sustainability: Development, globalisation and
new tourism in the third world. Routledge.
Pearce, D.G., 2014. Toward an integrative conceptual framework of destinations. Journal of
Travel Research. 53(2). pp.141-153.
Pike, S. and Page, S.J., 2014. Destination Marketing Organizations and destination marketing: A
narrative analysis of the literature. Tourism management. 41. pp.202-227.
Telfer, D.J. and Sharpley, R., 2015. Tourism and development in the developing world.
Routledge.
Volgger, M. and Pechlaner, H., 2014. Requirements for destination management organizations in
destination governance: Understanding DMO success. Tourism Management. 41. pp.64-
75.
Zehrer, A. and Tschiderer, F., 2014. Leadership networks in destinations. Tourism Review. 69(1).
pp.59-73.
Zhang, H. and Lu, L., 2014. Destination image and tourist loyalty: A meta-analysis. Tourism
Management. 40. pp.213-223.
Online
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Tourist destination in UK. 2017. [Online] Available through: <http://www.touropia.com/best-
places-to-visit-in-the-uk/>.
Terrorism in UK. 2017. [Online] Available through:
<https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/oct/17/uk-most-severe-terror-threat-ever-
mi5-islamist/>.
London Eye . 2017. [Online] Available through: <http://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/london-
eye-tips-visit/index.html>.
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