Understanding Tourism Trends and Destinations

The provided content is a collection of academic papers and articles related to golf tourism, with a focus on survival analysis. The papers cover various aspects of tourism management, including determinants of tourism success, tourists' perceptions in a climate of change, measuring service quality, information source usage, and consumer behavior. Additionally, there are studies on the impact of climate change on tourist destinations, the role of word-of-mouth marketing, travel motivations, and cross-cultural differences in medical tourism. The content also includes some online resources related to population data analysis.

Tourists Destination

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Analyzing and comparing world's leading destination with royal borough of Greenwich1
1.2 destination trend of two leading tourist destinations........................................................2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
2.1 Cultural, social and physical features of Royal Borough of Greenwich..........................3
2.2 Comparing and contrasting cultural, physical and social features of selected destination
with Royal borough of Greenwich.........................................................................................4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................5
3.1 Analysis and comparing the economic and political characteristics of Royal Borough of
Greenwich with Rome............................................................................................................5
3.2 The ways in which cultural, economic, physical, political and social characteristics of
Royal Borough of Greenwich affects its appeal to tourists....................................................6
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................7
4.1 Three issues that may affect the popularity of Royal Borough of Greenwich.................7
4.2 sustain its appeal as a destination, with an emphasis on ‘Responsible Tourism’.............8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Tourism industry is one of the fastest growing industries in the world. It accounts the
significant share in the GDP of countries. Domain of tourism is increasing to a very large extent
in every aspect. Countries see this industry as the prominent source of income generation and
increasing engagement with the outside world. Hence, it always to caters to develop their
prestigious destinations to capture the attention of wide stream of people from all around the
Globe by adopting various steps and methods. Tourist destinations are developed to fulfill the
needs of travelers for the various purposes such as education, learning, recreational activities,
exploring places, medical reasons and many others (Marrocu and Paci, 2013). The present report
is prepared to compare two leading tourist destinations with each other such as Royal borough of
Greenwich with another prestigious place Rome, Italy by using different dimensions such as
income generation, visitor's profile, changing trends with respect to the needs and preferences as
well as the characteristics of places that appeal tourists from different corners of the world.
TASK 1
1.1 Analyzing and comparing world's leading destination with royal borough of Greenwich
London borough of Greenwich is the prestigious tourist destination established in 1965
with the amalgamation of two boroughs of Greenwich which are Woolwich and metropolitan.
This place has international significance due to the presence of world heritage site, royal naval
college and historic old royal observatory. The place got its royal status after the diamond jubilee
of Elizabeth II. For the comparison, another leading tourist destination chosen is Rome, the
capital of Italy. Rome is the treasure trove of many attractions for tourist. It has the slew of
pieces of phenomenal architecture and art, spectacular views, unique combination of ancient
contemporary culture, colossal monuments as well as evidences of Roman Forum and
Catacombs.
In Greenwich, tourism has been the major source of income generation and foreign
exchange earnings (Aschauer, 2010). Each day around 18.5 million people around the globe visit
Royal borough and escalate earning by generating over £1.2 billion. It has many places that
captures the attention of people from all around the world such as The O2 arena, Emirates
airline, Eltham palace and Cutty stark. These places have global significance that swell the
quantum of visitors in the city. On the other hand, Rome is the epitome of place crowned with
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the number of titles due to the presence of wide range of places. It has historical significance to
being the important part of western civilization. Being the center of Christianity, it has been
accounted among the prominent holy and sacred places. Being the treasure trove of attractions
and majestic places, Rome attracts 7-10 million tourists per year.
Tourists who are visiting both the selected destinations have different preferences and
choices. Varying nature of purpose of visiting makes the destination appealing as per the tourism
aspect. Tourists seek to visit Greenwich in order to explore places that are having royal
significance and global values such as Eltham palace, Royal Arsenal, electronic cable car, people
visits this place to explore its uniqueness and get entertained. Further, the place is the meeting
point of geographical invisible lines and has the stable climate. The climatic stability makes it the
point of research and development (Assaker, Vinzi and O’Connor, 2011). Tourists visit there for
the educational and research purposes. Rome on the other hand attracts tourists for seeking
pleasure and spectacular views. Analyzing tourist’s profile infers that people visit Rome for the
varied purposes such as its religious significance attracts large number of holy visitors for the
sacred reasons.
In Rome, major tourist countries whose ratio is increasing each year are Russia, China,
Netherlands and Austria.
In Rome the major tourist countries whose ratio is increasing each year are Russia, China,
Netherlands and Austria.
1.2 destination trend of two leading tourist destinations
Since the inception of the travel and tourism, the trends have changed in the significant
manner. Earlier the visits to the places were confined to the informal tours and trips to the certain
places and for the fixed purposes such as for holy reasons and sacred purposes. With the
expansion in the domain of supply by the operators, government and other organization, demand
trends have also altered. Rome contains the vast collection of sculptures, arts, architectures and
natural resources (Barros, Butler and Correia, 2010). With the growth of +4.4% every year and
significant share in the nation's GDP, Rome has been the prominent destination of tourism in
Italy, hence it is expected large number of people will visit Rome due to the announcement of
special jubilee. In the span of time between 8 December 2015 to November 20, 2016, 25 million
visitors are expected to visit Rome. One the other hand, with the continuous development in
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infrastructure and facilities available by the Government and other organizer, 18.5 million people
is expected to visit Royal Boroughs of Greenwich.
TASK 2
2.1 Cultural, social and physical features of Royal Borough of Greenwich
Royal borough of Greenwich is counted among the prominent places of world due to the
presence of diversity and other pronominal attributes. It is the combination of varied features and
preferences in different aspects. It encompasses different features hence is the destination point
of important functioning (Buzinde and et.al, 2010).
Cultural
Greenwich due to the favorable climate is the preferred choice of places to live.
Predominantly, people belong to the religion Christianity but along with this religion, there are
many religion minorities live at this place such as Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Jews. There is the
existence of people belonging to the varied cultural backgrounds. At the same time, this place is
recognized for the presence of people which are religiously neutral that is they consider
themselves non-religious (Bornhorst, Ritchie and Sheehan, 2010). Famous christian church is
represented by various denominations such as Roman catholic, Church of England, Brethren etc.
The place has strong realization of the importance of the culture events and programs. Their
objective is to support the development of the wide range of cultural events and programs
conducted for the residents of Greenwich. These high quality cultural events are organized to
showcase the offerings of the borough artists on the national and international platform.
Social
As per the demographic division of the population residing in Royal borough of
Greenwich, the majority of people are defining themselves as the white British. Wide range of
events, festivals and sports are organized at this place which creates the good relational
constructs between the localities and international people. People living here have the strong
preference to embrace the talents and skills of the people living in this region. Their fundamental
objective is to provide the memorable experience to the visitors with the variety of attractions.
Further, the center of research and development is the house of literates and skilled who have
profound knowledge of history and architecture of the place (Chand, 2010).
Physical features
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Hosting the world's largest sport event Olympics has made the royal borrow to identify
the key areas of working in the Royal borough. In that purpose development is done on different
aspects. It has made royal borough the distinguished place to visit. It attracts people from around
the globe as the attraction to explore the ways in which advancement has been processed.
Physical features entitles into it several components such as sports and health, education,
employment, skills and training, trade activities and transport.
 Administration of the royal borough has the key focus on the enhancement of the
potential of residents in the given sports and to improve their health.
 There is fine quality of academic credential given to the students living in the regions.
Further, they are facilitated with required materials and opportunities to provide them
better growth and development possibilities (Dey and Sarma, 2010).
 Area develops the employment opportunities by installing varies companies and
organization to boost the skills and talents of residents and income generation.
 To avail the long term benefits, relationships with the trading partners is built with the
business entities around the Globe.
 Transport is the connecting bridge between the different places. North/South transport
link are improved. Further, active travel that is walking and cycling is also promoted to
promote sustainable transport (Dodds, Graci and Holmes, 2010).
2.2 Comparing and contrasting cultural, physical and social features of selected destination with
Royal borough of Greenwich
With the recent advancement on the features of Greenwi8ch has led the development and
growth in the significant manner. It has distinguished culture, physical and social feature in a
specified manner. In contrast, with the features of Greenwich attributes, Rome's features in
different aspects are different in nature.
Cultural features
Rome is the combination of the ancient and modern culture. The presence of ancient
architecture and its mingling with the present day modern art has led to the development of place
of attraction to explore for the large number of people around the globe. Evidences of
Renaissance and Baroque periods have brought the colossus monuments and spectacular
buildings of art genius and creation. Further, epitome of development and evolved art creates the
masterpiece that are place must visit for all. It eclectic culture creates an aura of elite past and
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majestic monuments (Gössling and et.al., 2012). With the display of influential art and culture
Rome is the home and preferred choice for people seeking to visit the scared and holy places
belongs of the religion Christianity. City has many buildings that have the prominent
significance with the perspective of religion and art. There are many events and festivals that are
organized every year. These festivals in a year create the gathering of large number of people
around the world.
Social features
With the stages of evolution, society has experienced the vast changes in different
perspective going through social, cultural and political changes. Hub of wide range of expertise,
Rome possesses high quality infrastructural features. It is the center of many educational
institutions, colleges and universities. Place is recognized as the center of intellectual and
education having the rich resources (Hall and Saarinen, 2010). Having the wide range of
resources, Rome is counted among the historically enriched interesting and beautiful city. Apart
from this it is having prestigious music conversations and theaters.
Physical features
Having Mediterranean climate, Rome is situated on the region of Tiber River. It is built
on seven Hills among which Escquilline and Caelian are the prominent two. Rome is the
combination of two extreme characteristics that is urbanization and on the other hand, natural
reserves and extensive use of land for agricultural purposes.
The city known for having numerous fountains of different styles has the sound efficacy
of utilizing water resources for varied purposes. Water supply facility is the distinguished feature
of Rome (Hosany and Gilbert, 2010).
It has distinguished transport facility in all the modes having 3 international airports that
connect different parts of countries internally and externally. Further, with the very efficient and
precise railway transport Rome is having one of the largest railway system in world.
TASK 3
3.1 Analysis and comparing the economic and political characteristics of Royal Borough of
Greenwich with Rome
Economic Characteristics
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Royal borough of Greenwich has experienced the stages of evolution in different stages.
The growth and development of place has escalated after the honoring of Borough as the world
heritage site and given the royal status (Jun-yi, 2010). One of crucial factor in the deciding the
growth is the organizing of international game even Olympics has led the complete transition in
the working and function of administration. All the sectors' operation there was addressed to
widen their scope. Major source of earning in royal borough of Greenwich is through tourism
and traveling. Through this it is connected to the rest part of the world. Various events held at the
place have brought the growth and development of infrastructure, trading activities, connectivity
and networking, health and many more. It has generated the employment opportunities and
created awareness about focusing on sports section.
In contrast, with the Royal borough of Greenwich, Rome has completely different
economic situation. It is counted among the most advanced and developed cities of the world. It
has the significant share of around 7% in the national GDP. With the yearly growth of +4.4% it
is the fastest growing city in the country. Major factor contributing to the higher growth rate is
the decreasing unemployment rate and increasing advancements.
Political characteristics
Royal borough of Greenwich is having the democratic Government operating under the
Westminster parliament comprises Eltham, Erith and thamesmead, Greenwich and Woolwich.
The government has 51 counselors that are segmented into different departments taking care of
each component of the region (King and Prideaux, 2010). Fundamental areas in which it is
divided are Council issues, sustainability, emergencies, economy, finances, democracy and
elections, grants and aids and many more. In opposite to the centralization of power and duties in
Royal borough of Greenwich, Rome functions on the principle of decentralization of power and
work. There are many administrative subdivisions in Rome under which it works. Local
administration under which it is in direct control is refereed as Campidigligo (Kozak and Martin,
2012).
3.2 The ways in which cultural, economic, physical, political and social characteristics of Royal
Borough of Greenwich affects its appeal to tourists
Inexplicability of the place, Royal borough of Greenwich attracts the visitors from around
the world. Enriched with wide range of resources captures the interest of wide stream of people
from different sections of the world. They are attracted towards the places to fulfill their varied
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purposes and needs. Eclectic culture and religion attracts visitors seeking to visit the places
considered as sacred and holy (Lo and et.al, 2011). Political framework of the place is totally in
favor of the process of development and growth with respect to tourism as it is the major source
of earning of residents of this place and having significant share in GDP. Administration and
government bodies take several steps to bring improvement at the place and boost tourism. They
attract organizing several; international and national events to showcase the offerings of the
nation. It leads to the development of nation and become helpful in the enhancement of several
sectors such as reducing the unemployment rate and increasing per-capita income. A
geographical feature that is its stability and favorable nature attracts visitors for education and
research purposes. This provides them the appropriate climate to explored uncovered facts about
the geography and universe. Social characteristics also favor the boosting of tourism at the place
as it has diversity of talents and skills. Hence, the talent of artists is boosted to give them
exposure and help them to earn by organizing programs (Marrocu and Paci, 2013).
TASK 4
4.1 Three issues that may affect the popularity of Royal Borough of Greenwich
Events and issues occurring in the city have the direct impact on the tourism demand.
Positive events help to attract people in the country whereas there are certain events that deviates
the flow away from the destination.
Issues Greenwich Rome
Natural
Phenomena
Favorable and stable climate has been
the USP of Royal borrows of green in
attracting the tourists in country
fulfilling needs of visitors for varied
purposes predominantly for research
and development. Any disturbances in
the climate will lead to the decline in
visitors (Jalilvand and Samiei, 2012).
In contrast, with the vulnerability of the
given destination with respect to the
effect of natural phenomena, Rome has
no such issue. In-spite of situating at
the bank of river Tiber, City is well
prepared for any natural disasters or
phenomena.
Sports links External relational constructs with the
organizers of sports events and
programs such as Olympics has been
Wide gap in time for organizing sports
event has led the decline in popularity
in sports. This is the obstacle in rising
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the impetus for growth and
development.
visitors count.
Religious
fundamentalis
m
Religious fundamental that is
inclination or adherence towards any
particular religion will hinder the visit
of people to the place as Greenwich
has been the place of global
significance.
Rome has the key focus on boosting
Christianity at the place. This
inclination and organizing several
sacred events and festivals attracts wide
stream of visitors to this holy place for
its religious significance.
4.2 sustain its appeal as a destination, with an emphasis on ‘Responsible Tourism’
Responsible tourism is a systematic and planned approach to expand the tourism
activities undertaken by the government with involvement of public (Thrane, 2012). In this
process several components combine to promote tourism at the place such as hoteliers, operators,
government and local people. Appeal of place as a destination can be sustained by adopting
suitable methods and processes.
 Involving local people in the decision making process with respect to bring improvement
and to seek opinions about the resources available that affect their life.
 With the in-depth understanding of local cultural, social and environmental issues,
experiences of visitors can be made meaningful.
 Building cultural sensitivity among the local people and promote awareness about the
preservation and conservation of resources (Merwe, Slabbert and Saayman, 2011).
 By providing better access to the visitors in all the respect, further by expanding the
domain of services by facilitating physically challenged people for their easy access.
 By escalating the availability of wide range of artists in different fields. Showcasing their
offerings to the outer world by organizing programs and events wi8ll provide them
exposure and opportunity to develop their skills and earnings.
 By improving the working conditions of the employees in different sectors to avail them
the opportunity for economic benefits and revenue generation (Yu and Ko, 2012).
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CONCLUSION
In the recent times, tourism is the vital industry for the country to raise their economic
earning and to bring better connectivity with the people nationwide and outside the country.
Government and other organization cater to improve the prevailing conditions in the region to
enhance the count of visitors. By improving different sectors of the place, visitors experience is
made memorable and comfortable. The given destination Royal Boroughs of Greenwich is
compared with another leading destination Rome. Both have distinct features and ways to attract
tourism. For instance, Royal borrow attract tourism due to its uniqueness and endowing
Royalties on the other hand Rome is enriched with the combination of both urbanization and art
and culture. Occurring of several events and festivals attracts large number of people at Rome.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Aschauer, W., 2010. Perceptions of tourists at risky destinations. A model of psychological
influence factors. Tourism Review. 65(2). pp.4-20.
Assaker, G., Vinzi, V. E. and O’Connor, P., 2011. Examining the effect of novelty seeking,
satisfaction, and destination image on tourists’ return pattern: A two factor, non-linear
latent growth model. Tourism Management. 32(4). pp.890-901.
Barros, C. P., Butler, R. and Correia, A., 2010. The length of stay of golf tourism: A survival
analysis. Tourism Management. 31(1). pp.13-21.
Bornhorst, T., Ritchie, J. B. and Sheehan, L., 2010. Determinants of tourism success for DMOs
& destinations: An empirical examination of stakeholders' perspectives. Tourism
management. 31(5). pp.572-589.
Buzinde, C. N. and et,.al., 2010. Tourists’ Perceptions In A Climate Of Change: Eroding
Destinations. Annals of Tourism Research. 37(2). pp.333-354.
Chand, M., 2010. Measuring the service quality of Indian tourism destinations: an application of
SERVQUAL model. International Journal of Services Technology and
Management. 13(3-4). pp.218-233.
Dey, B. and Sarma, M.K., 2010. Information source usage among motive-based segments of
travelers to newly emerging tourist destinations. Tourism management. 31(3). pp.341-
344.
Dodds, R., Graci, S.R. and Holmes, M., 2010. Does the tourist care? A comparison of tourists in
Koh Phi Phi, Thailand and Gili Trawangan, Indonesia. Journal of Sustainable
Tourism. 18(2). pp.207-222.
Gössling, S., Scott, D., Hall, C.M., Ceron, J.P. and Dubois, G., 2012. Consumer behaviour and
demand response of tourists to climate change.Annals of Tourism Research. 39(1). pp.36-
58.
Hall, M.C. and Saarinen, J., 2010. Tourism and change in polar regions: Climate, environments
and experiences. Routledge.
Hosany, S. and Gilbert, D., 2010. Measuring tourists’ emotional experiences toward hedonic
holiday destinations. Journal of Travel Research. 49(4). pp.513-526.
Jun-yi, L.I., 2010. An Evaluation of Web-based Marketing System in Tourism Destinations
Based on Visitors' Demand [J]. Tourism Tribune. 8. p.017.
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King, L.M. and Prideaux, B., 2010. Special interest tourists collecting places and destinations: A
case study of Australian World Heritage sites. Journal of Vacation Marketing. 16(3).
pp.235-247.
Kozak, M. and Martin, D., 2012. Tourism life cycle and sustainability analysis: Profit-focused
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Lo, M.C., Mohamad, A.A., Songan, P. and Yeo, A.W., 2011. RURAL DESTINATIONS AND
TOURISTS'SATISFACTION. Journal of Services Research. 11(2). p.58.
Marrocu, E. and Paci, R., 2013. Different tourists to different destinations. Evidence from spatial
interaction models. Tourism Management. 39. pp.71-83.
Reza Jalilvand, M. and Samiei, N., 2012. The effect of word of mouth on inbound tourists'
decision for traveling to Islamic destinations (the case of Isfahan as a tourist destination
in Iran). Journal of Islamic Marketing. 3(1). pp.12-21.
Thrane, C., 2012. Analyzing tourists’ length of stay at destinations with survival models: A
constructive critique based on a case study. Tourism Management. 33(1). pp.126-132.
Van der Merwe, P., Slabbert, E. and Saayman, M., 2011. Travel motivations of tourists to
selected marine destinations. International Journal of Tourism Research. 13(5). pp.457-
467.
Yu, J.Y. and Ko, T.G., 2012. A cross-cultural study of perceptions of medical tourism among
Chinese, Japanese and Korean tourists in Korea. Tourism Management. 33(1). pp.80-88.
Online
Population data and analysis. 2016. [Online]. Available
through:<http://www.royalgreenwich.gov.uk/info/200088/statistics_and_census_informat
ion/1573/population_data_and_analysis>. [Accessed on 19th January 2016].
Tourists are flocking to Rome, and most of them are Americans. 2015. [Online]. Available
through:<http://www.italy24.ilsole24ore.com/art/business-and-economy/2015-06-18/
tourism-rome-da-passare-171725.php?uuid=ACqExyC>. [Accessed on 19th January
2016].
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