Effects of Transformation Theory in Nursing Emergency Departments

This literature review identifies different effects of transformation theory in nursing, especially in emergency departments. The paper analyzes leadership in emergency departments, basing argument on transformation theory. The key issues in this paper will be identifying various ways in which leadership in emergency is can be improved through the use of activity transformation theory.

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EFFECTS OF TRANSFORMATION THEORY IN NURSING
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Effects of Transformation theory in nursing emergency departments
Literature review identifies different effects of transformation theory in nursing,
especially in emergency departments. Melissa (2018, P. 83) define transformation theory as an
approach that guides leaders to focus on delivering change in provision of healthcare through
working closely with his subordinates to find out the required changes, establish a vision to guide
the change through inspiration, and execute the change in tandem with committed members of
the group. Among the people who play a role in emergency departments include nurses, who
according to Barbara (2011, P. 101) are parts of the group who work with the transformation
leaders to attain particular goals. The purpose of this literature review is to analyze leadership in
emergency departments, basing argument on transformation theory. The key issues in this paper
will be identifying various ways in which leadership in emergency is can be improved through
the use of activity transformation theory.
Healthcare is constantly changing and becoming more complex especially in the
emergency care departments. This changes call nurses to play a more proactive leadership role in
in emergency care departments. Due to the increase in demand for better leadership, it is
fundamental for the nurse managers to establish a leadership style that make all care givers to
commit their efforts towards offering high quality healthcare services to the patients. According
to Melissa (2018, P. 79), the concept of transformation theory in nursing can allow leaders in
emergency departments to recognize the key areas that requires changes and guides it through
inspiring followers to establish a sense of commitment. This theory allows a nurse manager to
feel more comfortable and confident when working according to healthcare policies, the ever
changing healthcare technology, and the mentorship of new graduates.

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For nursing leaders to succeed in using transformation theory, they must conduct
reflective practice to identify some of the things that they require to succeed in leading the ever
changing healthcare sector. Reflective practice and critical thinking is among the key factors that
make leaders who practice transformation theory to be effective in emergency departments.
According to Barbara (2011, P. 99), literature has implied that reflective practice plays a
significant role in enabling nurses to perfect in offering emergency services by enabling them to
look at the clinical situation at a different angles. It also makes them to apply the theory they
have learned in the course of their studies into practice. Research has indicated that reflective
practice applies to nurses in different levels: from students, to advanced practice nursing students
as well as practicing nursing.
John (2010, P. 27) affirms that reflective nursing is fundamental because it enables
leaders in emergency departments conduct depth analyses of themselves. It provides an
opportunity to analyze the nursing practice with the primary aim of identifying new knowledge
in emergency departments. Reflection practice also acts as a motivator to remain focused and do
better in a practice, with a primary goal of attaining knowledge through experiences and self-
examination.
In an emergency department, especially when critical thinking is required to address
issues that seem to be complex, transformation theory approach assists nurse leaders to think
about some of the strategies that can aid in solving the problems in a manner which can trigger
positive results (Marie, 2013, P. 70). It also enables them to work with their leaders to come up
with solutions that can make them to perfectly address the needs of patients during emergency
situations.

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Literature has linked reflection practice with four major themes, namely emotional
impact, development of practice, barriers in reflection and mentor support (Barbara, 2011, P.
108). In most cases, nursing practice is associated with tasks that make the transformation
leaders in emergency departments to become emotionally drained, and because reflection
practice helps in identifying positive and negative emotions, it is viewed as an outlet to dispense
the negative emotions that arise.
According to Bita (2016, P. 92), there are different methods of conducting reflective
practice, and the results and outcome vary depending on the technique used. He identified two
primary methods: group discussion and reflective journaling. Although many people prefer to
use group discussion than journaling because of being easy and time saving, journal technique is
more advantageous because it makes them to come up with records concerning their feelings.
This records plays a key role in making them to understand the reasons that made them to feel in
a certain way.
Shirley (2014, P. 279) asserts that nurses feel reflection is one of the most effective ways
of promoting their professional knowledge, but argues that it is of limited value because of their
minimal power to initiate any significant changes. One of the major barriers associated with this
practice is power relationship between nurses and physicians. In most cases, the nurses tend to
feel belittled and even devalued by their seniors. This is one of the most significant barrier that
prevent nursing leaders from discharging their duties because it prevents them from talking about
their thoughts and ideas, and prevent dissemination of crucial knowledge.
Melissa (2018, P. 81) affirms that for nurses to successfully conduct reflective practice
and also to realize its benefits, they must be willing to accept the outcome of the excise.
Research has implied that some students have negative attitude towards the exercise and will

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always find it challenging to undertake it. Some of the barriers associated with this practice
include time constrains. Some students state that in order to undertake a successful reflective
learning, they require time, which most of them state that it is always difficult to have because of
too much tasks.
Liana (2012, P. 148) affirms that the presence of professional medical organizations with
healthcare practitioners who do not work with their leaders to address the needs of patients at
emergency needs is not helpful. For proper coordination between nursing leaders and other care
givers, there should be proper understanding of oneself, and this can only be attained by
undertaking reflection practice to identify personalities that may influence relationship with
others.
According to Janice (2014, P. 59), through using transformation theory in nursing,
leaders who work in emergency department encourage enthusiasm and commitment among other
staff members and identify the values of their teams in workplace. It also makes them to inspire
their staff members to develop and implement effective leadership characteristics. The primary
goal for leaders who employ this theory in their practice is to enable themselves and their
followers to discover meaning and purpose in relation to their tasks they undertake.
By employing the concept of transformation nursing theory, leaders who work in
departments that offers emergency services create a climate which allow nurses to have much
commitment, high levels of morale, and job satisfaction. When this happen, they dedicate
themselves to work harder to provide high quality services to people with emergency needs
(Shirley, 2014, P. 278). This approach also makes them to conduct deep analysis of themselves
to identify the key areas that they need to work on in order to perfect in their work.

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According to Brian (2011, P. 54), working with nurses who overcome the barriers of
reflection practice enhances patient outcome especially when this kind of nurses work with
leaders focused to transforming the way things are done in their departments. This happens
because through self-reflection, nurses identify various changes that occur in their nursing
practice and come up with best ways of adjusting to what they feel is important to deliver best
patient outcomes. It also makes them to identify their personalities, those of their leaders, and to
match them in a manner which can result to team work and long lasting relationships (Marie,
2013, P. 75). Leaders who use the transformation theory in nursing like working with nurses who
conduct reflection practices especially when dealing with emergency aspects because it helps
them to think critically especially when high level of knowledge is required to address patient
needs.
Marsha (2013, P. 72) affirms that transformation theory in nursing practice emphasizes in
attaining better results in emergency departments. These leaders work hard to ensure various
things needed to address the needs of customers such as workforce, and equipment are sufficient,
and all staff members are committed for positive outcome. To attain this, the leaders begin by
conducting critical analysis on themselves to identify what may hinder them from attaining the
best. They also examine themselves to identify the best ways in which they can transform the
theory they learned from their training institutions into practice.
Some of the characteristics of leaders who employ this theory in emergency departments
comprise of intellectual simulation, charismatic, and individual considerations. Reflective
practice plays a key role in enabling the leaders to identify the characteristics that can make them
to deliver better leadership and attain positive results (Shirley, 2014, P. 272). This practice
enables them to know if they understand the needs of their teams, and what they can do to ensure

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they have positive attitude towards work. It also makes them to solve serious problems especially
during emergencies by encouraging all staff members to provide opinions.
According to John (2013, P. 223), nursing leaders who employ this theory in their work
are effective in communication. A leader who communicate effectively focuses closely on the
information passed by their followers and tries to identify the most fundamental to them.
Effective communicators adapt their style of communication based on each individual person’s
ability to portray good relationships.
The use of transformation theory in nursing plays a key role in improving both quality
and quantity. This is achieved by inspiring others to work with the aim of serving as many
people as possible while considering the quality of services offered. According to Marie (2013,
P. 72), leaders who use this approach in emergency departments focus on making what seems
impossible to be possible. They are innovative, and leads by example. Through this character,
they strive to deliver healthcare services that satisfy patient needs.
Leaders who use this theory in nursing practice also don’t allow their weaknesses to
prevent them from directing their teams in a manner which can make them to deliver high quality
services (Brian, 2011, P. 49). They conduct self-reflection from time to time to identify their
strengths and weaknesses, and develop measures that can assist them to turn their weaknesses
into strengthens.
Research has also indicated that nurses who use the concept of this theory creates an
environments that encourage shared responsibilities, and promote new ways of doing things.
Additionally, leaders who practice who employ the transformation theory in nursing motivate
their teams in different ways (Shirley, 2014, P. 268). For example, they appeal to better ideas and

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moral values because they portray deep set of internal ideas and values. This kind of personality
makes the teams to fully commit their efforts to attain the best outcome for their organizations
rather than for their personal interests.
In the current society, different types of diseases continues to emerge, with most of them
requiring a lot of expertise. This theory has enabled nursing leaders to play a significant role in
addressing these issues through implementing new ways of doing things through research and
innovation (Marie, 2013, P. 68). It has also enabled them to advance the quality of emergency
services through making their followers to remain focused to offering high quality services to the
patients.
These leaders have also encouraged teamwork in health centers, a factor which has
enhanced motivation, sharing of ideas and improvement of services. According to Jan (2015, P.
26), team work is important in healthcare settings especially when the live or wellbeing of
patient is at stake. Teamwork is fundamental in provision of health services because it promotes
idea sharing and motivation. Working in teams help every person in a healthcare setting to
contribute through skill sets, experiences, and resources that lead to overall better health outcome
for all patients.
The other impact of using this theory in emergency departments is that it makes nurses to
develop positive attitude towards work (Brian, 2011, P. 46). Through the concept contained in
this theory, nursing leaders in emergency departments makes their teams to experience greater
commitment for their health centers and also develops a high level of job satisfaction, morale,
and work performance. Through teamwork medical practitioners attain a high levels of
motivation that increase their energy to work even in challenging environments.

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Transformation theory in nursing makes leaders in emergency departments to assist their
teams in acquiring different skills that assist them to improve the quality and safety of patient
care in not only emergency situations but also in all situations of healthcare provision. Improving
safety and quality of healthcare makes the nurses to enhance their career satisfaction because
when the patient is happy, the nurses are always happy. Storey (2011, P. 65), affirms that carrier
satisfaction is attained when a person work in an organization associated with supportive leaders
and team mates. This means when the use of this leadership approach is fundamental because it
encourages togetherness, values the needs of every follower, and fosters positive work
environment.
To ensure better services in emergency departments, nursing leaders are recommended to
use the transformation theory (Brian, 2011, P. 67). This approach will assist them to identify the
changes that need to be implemented in order to improve the quality of care, and also to make
the nurses feel their leaders mind their wellbeing in workplace.
They are also required to use this theory to mobilize teams in their departments. Team
work plays a key role in solving complex issues in this departments because it enables nurses to
provide opinions (Storey, 2011, P. 69). Working in teams also enables nurses who work in
emergency departments to attain motivation from their colleagues when faced with challenges
that may make them to feel like losing hope.
It is also recommended for nursing leaders in emergency departments to use the concept
of this theory in understanding patient needs, and expectations, and use technology and
innovation to advance patient care. This can be attained through research and development and
encouraging teams dedicate themselves towards positive outcome in the services they offer. It

FFECTS OF TRANSFORMATION THEORY IN NURSING 10
can also be attained through the use of leadership approach that focuses on implementing
positive changes and involving others in decision making.
In conclusion, transformation theory in nursing has various effects in provision of
leadership in nursing departments. Employing this theory assists leaders in this department to
make what seem impossible in health centers to be possible through working for a change,
engaging in team work to address complex issues and motivating other people to work harder.
Leaders who employ this theory in their practice portrays various characteristics that influence
their followers in different ways. Some of these characteristics comprise of being charismatic,
innovative, empathetic leading by example, creating a future vision that inspire their teams to
participate in, among others.
Effective nurse leadership is termed as a crucial factor in attaining best patient outcomes
and workplace enhancement. For these leaders to provide better leadership in emergency
departments, they should understand the concept of transformation theory and how it can be used
in emergency departments to deliver positive results.

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