Travel and Tourism Assessment: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Industry's Dynamics

This assessment delves into the intricate world of travel and tourism, exploring its historical evolution, key segments, and the factors influencing demand and supply. It examines the social, economic, and environmental impacts of tourism, particularly focusing on the TUI Group's operations. The paper analyzes strategies to maximize positive effects while minimizing adverse consequences, highlighting the importance of sustainable tourism practices for the industry's future.

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TRAVEL AND TOURISM ASSESSMENT
Travel and Tourism Assessment
Student’s Name:
Student’s ID:
Date: 03.05.2018
Professor Name:

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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Task 1 Poster and Leaflet................................................................................................................3
1.1 Explain key historical developments in the in the travel and tourism sector........................3
1.2 Describe the arrangement of the travel and tourism segment (LEAFLET)...........................5
Task 2 (Presentation).......................................................................................................................7
Task 3...............................................................................................................................................8
3.1 Explain different factors, which can affect tourism demand.................................................8
3.2 Describe the way supply changes to meet demand’s effect..................................................9
Task 4:...........................................................................................................................................11
4.1. Describe the negative and positive social, economical and environmental effects of
tourism with TUI Group business..............................................................................................11
4.2 Explain strategies, which may be used to maximise the positive effects while minimising
the adverse effects......................................................................................................................12
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................13
References......................................................................................................................................14

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Introduction
Travel along with tourism has become an integral part of recent sophisticated market. Nowadays,
people are getting very enthusiastic, as they are not afraid to take challenges in adventures.
Besides, tourism is like the part of top class services, which spreads over different destination
around the world. Further, tourism is like a big market for different industries to deliver top-class
quality by exchange of huge amount of money. In order to make money, different countries also
include various services to tourists. In this assignment, different aspects of tourism industry and
its services will be discussed in order to make a proper impression about this industry. Tourism
industry also includes various kinds of safety management along with top quality
accommodation, traveling allowances, and other food safety management. Thus, travel and
tourism industry ne plays a very crucial role for many countries’ economy.
Task 1 Poster and Leaflet
1.1 Explain key historical developments in the in the travel and tourism sector
According to Dickinson, Robbins, and Lumsdon (2010), travel and tourism, industry has
developed a lot in last few years for the change in human nature. Besides, the growth of travel
and tourism sector started from 1945 and had achieved their peak in last few years. On that note,
People love to explore places and spend time around the world to find new places in different
time. As argued by Kayar, and Kozak (2010), human behavior has certain changes in the past
and as a result, the tourism industry has made a leap towards success. However, the overall
growth of tourism is only related with transportation of good and travel from the beginning.
Certainly, Client’s comfort always becomes a very big issue in this tourism industry, as the
respective companies have to ensure high-class quality arrangement for clients (Sigala Christou,
and Gretzel, 2012). Thus, various factors like long trip interest from clients, payments of fees
during the traveling, and growth of individuals would play a vital role in this industry.
At present, the overall number of tourism industry is getting higher than any other business
internationally. On that note, the competition level has become much higher than it was before.
New comers have delivered very impressive customer oriented packages in order to capture the
market but they have no idea about different segments of this industry (Shaw, Bailey and

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Williams, 2011). However, different kinds of strategies are there in this market and in order to
increase the industry some steps are very important to make the difference between two tourism
sectors. Besides, fulfilling customer’s wishes along with managing their demand also has
become a part of this industry. However, the travel structure is divided no different part like,
food security, hotel industry, tourism business, passport arrangement organizations and many
more (Middleton, et al. 2009). This diverse business is divided in different parts and all of them
are listed below:
Human resources
This includes the number of
employees, which are
involved in different activities
to achieve the goal.
Sales and marketing
In this sector, the employees
have to sell products of their
respective organization.
Finance and accounts
This sector will deal with
different kind of financial-
related decision by the top
most management team.
Administration and IT
The total administration sector
of a travel company is under
this sector and they need to fix
different technical related
issues.
Distributors
This part helps to distribute
the entire context of any
organization among different
companies, and this need to
deal with different outsiders.
Legal department
This department only recruits
highly qualified persons to
deal with different types of
legacy problem at any time
and this can help organization
to save their documents and
other important properties.
Table 1: Poster of Diverse businesses areas in Tourism
(Source: Author)

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1.2 Describe the arrangement of the travel and tourism segment (LEAFLET)
Travel Services
It deals with different kind
of services, which can help
traveler to migrate different
places by using buses, train,
aircraft and other transport
system.
Tourism Services
This service has wide ranges of
activities like providing
accommodation, aid, travelling
and many more traveler-related
services.
Conferences and events
Tourism services are
developed in different ways, as
they deliver services to
corporate sectors in order to
enrich their spread.
Accommodation services
These services deal with
providing accommodation
for tourist in different places
around the world.
Passengers transport services
This service plays the key role
in order to help the tourist to
reach their destination along
with arrival and departure of
tourist’s buses and flights.
Collaboration of private and
public sectors
Sometimes tourism companies
collaborate with different
kinds of public sectors to
enrich their culture..

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Leper’s tourist system:
In this system, the client
will be provided a paper,
which consists of guidelines
along with a list of different
destination, so that the
client will have to focus on
different destination before
they reach there.
Passenger passport
Passenger’s passport checking
and taking care of visa is one of
the important tasks for this
tourism department. This system
will take care of all immigration
related issues to provide smooth
services to clients and help them
in legal terms.
Table 2: Leaflet of travel and tourism segment
(Source: Author)
From the above diagram, the study of historical views and structures has taken under
consideration. Besides, tourism industry deals with the diverse activities on various fields and
has wide range of customers to make money by tourism business (Dickinson, et al. 2014). Thus,
to maintain a good reputation in this field, different companies need to keep their primary criteria
to attract people towards the organisation. This is also clear that the company has weak or
average service quality will survive the primary stage, but this will fail at the end to achieve top
position in this travel and tourism business (Scott, Lemieux and Malone, 2011). In this structure
of travel industry, different sectors are there, and some of them are listed below:

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Figure 2: Flow Chart of Travel and Tourism Sector
(Source: Mowforth and Munt, 2015)
Travel planning is the most crucial part of this industry, and the organisations have to plan tours
according to customer’s choice. On the other hand, different tourist attractions points are needed
to include on the list, and this is another point to attract customers (Guttentag, 2015).
Transportation plays another critical role, as this deal with customer’s comfort level during the
journey. Moreover, accommodation and food quality plays a vital role in tourism industry
because this segment will satisfy their clients and help them to make good relation with them.
Task 2 (Presentation)
(Refer to PPT)

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Task 3
3.1 Explain different factors, which can affect tourism demand
Tourism demand mainly is based upon the number of tourist visits to a place on a particular time
of a year and this is highly linked with the overall attraction of that place. The tourism
department is there to maintain proper service chain for tourist (Baum, 2015). Besides, this
tourism industry plays an important role in respective governments. Along with, there are
different types of factors, which can affect the tourism demand of a destination. Some important
factors are listed below:
Demographics:
The demographics include scenario of house-based family approaches towards travelling.
Besides, immigration plays a significant role in changing the configuration of the society (Shaw,
Bailey, and Williams, 2011). The overall population of the world is now increasing, and tourism
acts as a vector in this increasing population because their accommodation and other expenses
affect the country’s system. On a different note, tourist demand will be a point to think before
taking any steps toward towards shaping the outline of society. There are certain areas that have
a substantial affect on demographic factors like population growth, domestic composition and
expedition, and migration (Dunkley, Morgan, and Westwood, 2011). The population mainly
grows due to the migration of peoples and government need to think about that immigration.
Emerging economies:
This factor also delivers a significant role in tourism sector. However, the tourist demand rises,
as common people will not but any item from their destination because they experience huge
cost gap in between two different places.
Technological factor:
According to Scott, Lemieux, and Malone (2011), technological factors also play a significant
role in this tourist demand because the technical strength of a country will be a key factor of the
tourism business. This, if a state is dominant in the technological field, then there must be a
chance to welcome more tourist. For example, if a tourist runs out of money or cash, then
presence of any bank or ATM will be very important for the tourist to manage their expenses.

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However, the economic cost cannot resist a tourist from buying anything (Morgan and Pritchard,
2012). This is the example of the importance of technology for this tourist demand, and no places
will be technically sound if the respective government do not make any steps for this
improvement.
Changing work pattern and workforce:
As opined by Evans, Stonehouse, and Campbell (2012), Changing patterns are significant points
and this need to be illuminated as working process that can attract tourist towards any places.
Besides, different approaches to an online advertisement, branding and other ways to reach
people will become crucial for this tourist demand.
3.2 Describe the way supply changes to meet demand’s effect
The tourism generally delivers products to respective tourist to make them comfortable and
satisfy them to make a proper reflection of their quality in the customer’s mind. However, these
products can act as a supply to meet the demand of a tourist. Few components are there in this
supply:
 Infrastructure Attractions Market management and Destination image related products Super infrastructure
As opined by Cucculelli, and Goffi (2016), Tourism supply has different kind of products like
transport, accommodation, destination attraction along with site seeing, natural recourses,
entertainment facility, tour operators, and other top quality services.

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Figure 3: Components of tourism products
(Source: Scott, Lemieux, and Malone, 2011)
Thus, maintaining the perfect balance in between tourist demands and tourism products is very
important for this tourism industry. Thus, the overall supply of tourism product changes
according to the changing requirements of tourist and they should maintain a proper balance in
their system (Goh, 2012). Some changes are listed below:
Accommodation: Accommodation is needed to develop by installing different kinds of facilities
around different parts of the world (Guttentag, 2015). Besides, the accommodation style changes
at present due to modification of changing the family structure, tourist’s nature and other various
factors.
Tour operation: Tour operation is also facing different perspectives due to the change of
demands, along with, changing generation gap and technology-related factors. These changing
technological factors are playing a key role and this forces tour operator to improve their tour
operations according to the tourists (Kayar and Kozak, 2010). These tour operators are changing
their method and strategies to deal with this changing behavior, which will undoubtedly increase
extending period of tourism industry.
Services: These services are the primary factors in this tourism sector, as only these top-quality
services can attract tourist in this tourism sector (Morgan, and Pritchard, 2012). On that note,
different tourism organisations are spending money and time to make this proper infrastructure
for tourist effecient.

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Thus, these factors can attract tourist from a different part of the world and make sure the quality
of their provided services. On that note, tourism industry plays a vital role in the overall
economic structure of the respective country.
Task 4:
4.1. Describe the negative and positive social, economical and environmental effects of
tourism with TUI Group business
There are some positive and negative factors such as social, economical and environmental
effects in the tourism industry (Sigala, Christou and Gretzel, 2012). Because tourism industry is
regarded as the progressive industry in the present business environment, it is facing huge
challenges and benefits, and some of them are given below.
Major Positive effects
Economic Factors: According to Goh2012), some of the economic factors such as direct and
indirect income, higher income, the national products contribution, ending of economical
growth, inflow of profits of the government and the overseas currency are regarded as the
positive factors effects of tourism. Apart from the tourism, other rising sectors is helpful for the
balancing the economy, by keeping the requirement of tourism effectively.
Environmental Effects: As opined by Evans, Stonehouse and Campbell (2012), the
environmental factors are beneficial for the success of tourism sector. The positive
environmental factors are the preservation of the natural resources, development of the natural
attractions, preservation of cultural and historical sites, and enhancement of the environmental
business infrastructures. Besides, the TUI (Touristik Union International) groups are creating
some positive steps to increase the consciousness of the environmental effects between the
tourists and serving the government to enlarge the awareness of the environmental impacts in the
host community.
Social impacts: The social factors such as exchanging cross culture, heritage and culture of local
community, and education shows desirable effect on the tourism. Besides, preserving the cultural
values, historical monuments, and analysis of the cultural is also affecting the tourism industry.

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Negative effects
Economical factors: Some of the negative factors that affect the TUI group are high joblessness
rates, leakage, higher tax charge, inflation, high living cost, demanding public services and
overdependence on economy.
Environmental impacts: As opined by Baum (2015), the major factors that affect the TUI
group are growing issues of globalising, spoiling of environmental resources, and increase in
waste disposal is turning destructive measures for environmental sources.
Social impacts: According to Cucculelli and Goffi (2016), some social factors that affect the
tourism industry are failure of social amenity of the country, commercial culture such as the
dance forms, songs, and traditional events.
Thus, the activities of tourism have both positive and negative factors that are affecting the
country as well as their people (Ashworth, and Goodall, 2013). Thus, the factors such as social,
economy and environment are important for growth and limitation of tourism industry.
4.2 Explain strategies, which may be used to maximise the positive effects while minimising
the adverse effects
For decreasing the negative factors like social, economic and environmental factors, the tourism
sector has to outline appropriate strategies. By analyzing the particular countries like Greece,
Spain, Thailand, Turkey and Egypt, they should develop a proper approach to make their tourism
effecient. According to Dickinson, et al. (2014), sustainable development of tourism is required
to minimise the negative impacts of tourism with the increment of positive effects at the same
time. While execution the strategies and standards of lives are needed to reduce those negative
factors and people should be connected with conservative policy to get the benefits (Mowforth,
and Munt, 2015). However, diversification business strategy might be used by TUI group though
addressing various destinations. Thus, this policy will help to diminish the dependency on other
industries. Thus, the fall of any trade or sector cannot be affected the completely economic
structure.
The adverse effects of environment can be diminished by increasing the critical strategies
regarding the environmental conflicts. Besides, using proper procedure, the natural resources and

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the environmental decay can be minimised. To maintaining the policy, a committee should be
developed. According to Dickinson, Robbins and Lumsdon (2010), the committee and
administration should be flourished to secure the travel as well as tourism activities from the
negative impacts. However, the tourism group should work together with the environmental
agency for improving the growth of their policies.
The negative cultural factors can be reduced by maintaining host traditions while visiting the
tourist attractions. By impressive impacts and activities on the community and culture
legitimacy, the tourism group can effect on the culture with positivity. The countries should be
implicated in the tourism activities while maintaining their skills and cultural proceedings
(Rosselló-Nadal, 2014). Besides, the management can be used technological equipment for their
tourism contact and operations. Moreover, the tourism group must secure the whole communities
with least possible effects on tourism.
Conclusion
The travel and tourism organisations can develop their present strategies for the historical
developments. Besides, the government, as well as their community should be involved with the
tourism industry in a great manner. The social, economic and environmental factors could also
be minimised through the tourism actions. Further, travel and tourism development are
commanding in positive and negative way over these factors. To maintain the expansion of the
tourism industry, the shareholders should work together for balancing the environment in future
for the TUI group.

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References
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