Travel and Tourism Management

This report focuses on identifying the various internal issues which are associated with attraction of inbound and domestic visitors in various UK destinations. It covers four different scenarios of visitors and provides information regarding their visit to London, Lake District, Manchester and Cornwall.

Travel and Tourism management
NAME OF STUDENT:
NAME OF COLLEGE:
AUTHORS NOTE:
Running head: TRAVEL AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT

TRAVEL AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT
Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Discussion........................................................................................................................................2
Task 1...........................................................................................................................................2
Task 2...........................................................................................................................................8
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................14
References......................................................................................................................................15
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Introduction
The travel and tourism industry is one of the most prospective and potential industries in the
world due to the increase in the volume of tourists all over the world. There are varying needs
among various tourists and it depends upon various factors such as scenario of the tourists and
the purpose of visit of the tourists. There are various specific features and facilities which are
offered by various popular tourism destinations in UK which helps in attracting tourist to various
destinations. This report focuses on identifying the various internal issues which are associated
with attraction of inbound and domestic visitors in various UK destinations.
Discussion
Task 1
1. An Arab family comprising of 4 members, which includes father, mother and their two
teenage children who will be visiting London for the first time during their winter break
for a week in order to visit various cultural and historical attractions in London and also
to visit leisure and shopping destinations, can get information regarding their visit to
London over the internet from the official Visit London website. The website helps in
providing information to the visitors in various languages such as English, Chinse,
French, Spanish, Italian and German. The Visit London informative website provides
entire information to the visitors visiting London regarding tickets and offers, things to
do, accommodation and various kinds of traveller information in context to
transportation, maps and guides and travel cards.1 As the family is traveling to London
and are inbound visitors to UK for the first time, they require information regarding the
various airports which are present in London. The family also requires detailed
information regarding the various accommodation options which are available in London
and which fit in to their budget. The family also requires information regarding the
various transportation options which are available in order to reach to their
accommodation. The family even requires information regarding the various cultural and
1 Paul McClean, "UK Businesses Upbeat as Weak Pound Triggers Mini Tourism Boom." Financial Times, Aug 13,
2016.
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historical attractions in London and the available transportation options in order to reach
to those attractions. The family also requires information regarding leisure and shopping
destinations in London as they are accompanied by two teenage children and the
transportation option available to reach those leisure and shopping destinations. There are
multiple accommodation options which are available in London in the form of bed and
breakfast hotels, family hotels, self-catering, home stay and hostels. Based on the budget
of the travellers there are multiple hotels in London such as cheap accommodations, cool
hostels, accommodation agency, boutique and luxury hotels.2 The Arab family can find
various family hotels located in central London, which are in close proximity with
various attractions in London with prices starting from £109. The Arab family can select
any one of the five airports namely London City, London Gatwick, London Heathrow,
London Luton and London Stansted, in order to reach London. There are available
transportation options from all the airports in the form of coach transfers, cabs, express
train services and tube network in order to reach their preferred accommodation
destination.3 The accommodation facilities in London provide access to families, elderly
citizen, families with children and mobility’s. The customer services which are provided
by the hotels and other accommodation options are welcoming to the host and welcoming
to all guests which includes concierge services, porter services, laundry and dry cleaning
services, room services. Also, few luxury hotels offers translation services to their
travellers. The trip to London can be considered as high value for money for the Arab
family as they can gain a lot of memories and unique experiences from their visit to
London which will surpass the costs which is associated with the trip. The activities
which the Arab family can mostly focus on are cultural and heritage sightseeing in
London, shopping, nightlife, eating out and other leisure activities.
2. A British Couple from Bradford who are going for a camping trip to the Lake District for
5 days as part of their marriage counselling, which will mainly involve camping, walking,
kayaking, leisure activities and spa relaxation can get information regarding their
domestic visit to Lake District over the internet from the official Lake District website
2 M2 Presswire, "Travel and Tourism in the UK to 2018, New Report Launched." M2 Presswire, Oct 16, 2014.
3 Cheng-Fei Lee,. "An Investigation of Factors Determining Industrial Tourism Attractiveness." Tourism and
Hospitality Research 16, no. 2 (04, 2016):
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administered by the government of UK.4 The official lake district website helps in
providing vital information to the domestic travellers regarding places to visit in the lake
district, things to do in the lake district, supports in planning the visit of the traveller as
well as provides information regarding places to stay in lake district, regarding various
famous events. The Lake District official website even provides necessary information
regarding the weather of the location, provides a map of the entire location so that the
visitors can get an idea of the entire area and accordingly plan their visit, displays various
photos and videos regarding the experiences of other visitors which helps travellers to get
an idea regarding the natural scenic beauty of the locations at Lake District area which
helps to meet their needs as well as attracts their various interests.5 As the British Couple
who are domestic visitors will be mainly visiting Lake District for camping, walking and
kayaking purposes, they can pursue wild camping experiences which will help them to
serve their purpose of visit to the Lake District. After completing their wild camping, the
British family can move in to any of the spa hotels or luxury hotels in order to gain
leisure activities and spa relaxation facilities. There are other accommodation options too
which are available for the British Couple in Lake District which includes hotels, holiday
cottages, country house hotels, log cabin and lodges and camping barn. The Lake District
is well connected to other parts of the country with a number of transportation options
such as by the British Couple can take a bus or a train or can take a car as transportation
choice. However, the fastest way by which the British Couple can reach the Lake District
from Bradford is by driving or hiring a car which takes approximately 2.5 hrs to reach.
The cheapest option for the British Couple to reach Lake District from Bradford is to
drive to the location or take a car rental service. The British Couple can also take a train
to Preston from Bradford and from there can take a bus service or hire a taxi for reaching
Lake District. The British Couple can also take train service from Bradford to
Windermere and from there take a taxi for reaching Lake District. Moreover, the British
Couple can also avail bus services from Bradford to reach Grasmere and from there take
taxi service from Grasmere in order to reach Lake District. All the details regarding the
4 Melville.Saayman, "Tourist Satisfaction and Subjective well‐being: An Index Approach." The International Journal
of Tourism Research 20, no. 3 (May, 2018)
5 Business Monitor International, United Kingdom Tourism Report - Q2 2018. Business Monitor International,
London (2018)
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fare and other details regarding various transport options are available in planning trip
and planning website and it cost between £100- £150. The Lake District is accessible to
all types of tourists such as families, elderly and disabled. There are different amenities
which are available for disabled tourists in Lake District such as wheel chair services.6
Nonetheless, there are various types of customer services which are offered to the tourists
by various accommodation options. The luxury hotels and boutique hotels provides top
quality customer services to the tourists such as laundry services, porter services, round
the clock room service, dry cleaning services and translation services. The spa hotels help
in providing spa services and beauty services to the customers in order to enhance their
tourism experiences.7 The activities which are mainly popular in the Lake District are
Camping, Trekking, , walking, cycling, water sports, relaxation and leisure activities
which will help to meet the needs of travelling for the British Couple.
3. A group of 4 friends from China who will be visiting Manchester for an extended winter
break in order to watch a football match at the Theatre of Dreams and also to visit the
cultural places in Manchester are inbound visitors. The group of Chinese visitors also
have interest to enjoy the multicultural food and nightlife at Manchester and they can get
detailed information regarding various activities at Manchester which can be enjoyed
during the winter from the Visit Manchester Website. This website will help the Chinese
visitors plan their visit accordingly.8 The official website of Visit Manchester will help
the Chinese students to get information regarding the things to do and see in Manchester,
information regarding the various events which are currently taking place in Manchester,
information regarding shopping, information regarding where to stay along with
information regarding various popular food and drink options which are available in
Manchester. The Visit Manchester website also suggests various ideas and inspirations
for inbound visitors and offer valuable visitor information. As the Chinese Group will be
mainly visiting Old Trafford for watching a football match at the Theatre Of Dreams,
6 Rahman et al. "Edu-Tourist's Perceived Service Quality and Perception - the Mediating Role of Satisfaction from
Foreign Students' Perspectives." Tourism Review of AIEST - International Association of Scientific Experts in
Tourism 72, no. 2 (2017)
7 Pavia et al. "SPECIALISED HOTEL AS A TOURIST ATTRACTION 1." Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality
Management in Opatija.Biennial International Congress.Tourism & Hospitality Industry(2016)
8 Anna Spenceley, and Snyman Susan. "Can a Wildlife Tourism Company Influence Conservation and the
Development of Tourism in a Specific Destination?" Tourism and Hospitality Research 17, no. 1 (01, 2017): 52-67.
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therefore the group will require information regarding various budget hotels which are
available in Manchester. There are various accommodation options which can be availed
by the Chinese group in Manchester with prices starting from as low as £15 per person
per night. The Chinese student group will also require information regarding the various
transportation options which are available in the city through which they can reach their
hotels from the airport. The Chinese Group can take a cab service in order to reach to
their preferred destination from the Airport or can also use the regional railway station
located onsite the airport or use the Metrolink station which is present onsite the
Manchester airport. The Chinese group also require information regarding various
transport options which are available in order to reach the Theatre of Dreams from their
hotels. The Chinese Group can take a bus service in order to reach the Theatre of Dreams
or can hire a cab in order to reach there.9 The Chinese Group will also require
information regarding the tickets for watching the football match in the Theatre of
Dreams and they can get necessary information regarding the season ticket from the
official Manchester United website. The Chinese group also will require information
regarding various hotels which specialize in multicultural food and regarding various
attractions where they can enjoy the night life of Manchester. There are various restaurant
and eating options located throughout Manchester which offers taste of multicultural food
to the visitors according to their preferences. There are a large number of night clubs
which are located in Manchester which offers the ultimate nightlife experiences to the
tourists so that they can enjoy the ultimate nightlife of Manchester.10 The various
attractions of Manchester are accessible to all types of visitors such as families and
elderly and the destination offers unique experiences to all types of visitors. The customer
services which are offered by the accommodation options in Manchester incudes
Welcoming hosts, round the clock room service, porter services, dry cleaning services
and language translation services that are offered by luxury and boutique hotels. There is
a high value for money which is associated with visiting and touring in Manchester as the
destination offers unmatched experiences to the tourists and also have multiple offerings
9 Hasan et al.. "Tourist Risk Perceptions and Revisit Intention: A Critical Review of Literature." Cogent Business &
Management 4, no. 1 (12, 2017).
10 Conaghan et al. "A MODEL FOR THE TRANSITION TOWARDS THE SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF
TOURISM DESTINATIONS IN IRELAND." International Journal for Responsible Tourism4, no. 2 (Autumn,
2015)
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for the tourists with different tourism needs. The average cost which is associated with
touring in Manchester can be estimated approximately £120 per person per day. The
activities which are associated with visiting Manchester includes sightseeing, cultural and
heritage experiences, shopping, eating out, sports, educational, entertainment, nightlife
and leisure.
4. A middle class British couple who will be visiting Cornwall with their two children for a
luxury trip in order to celebrate their anniversary are domestic visitors and they will get
all the necessary information regarding Cornwall over the internet from the official
website of Visit Cornwall which provides valuable information to the travellers regarding
the destination and helps them to plan their trip accordingly. The Visit Cornwall website
provides valuable information regarding where to stay, what to do in Cornwall, about
Cornwall, how to get to Cornwall by various modes of transportations as well as provides
information about offers for the tourists. The visitors can also get to know about
Cornwall from the informational brochure of Cornwall which is available online in the
Visit Cornwall website. As the couple will be travelling to Cornwall from London by car,
they can drive along the M4 motorway from London as it is the most convenient route to
reach Cornwall from London in a short span of time and the family can enjoy unique
experiences and sightseeing during their car trip. As the middle class British Couple is
planning to spend their anniversary in this short luxury trip with their children, they can
easily check in to a medium sized luxury hotel with personalised services which will
provide them luxury services at affordable prices, so as to make their anniversary
memorable. The British family will also require information regarding various offers,
which are offered by various accommodation options in Cornwall, in order to receive
special discounts and surprises on their arrival which will help in making their
anniversary more memorable in nature. The costs and standards which are associated
with the accommodation options is usually mid-range in nature for a middle class
family.11 12The average costs for a middle class family with two children for 3 days
looking to spend a luxury trip in Cornwall can cost approximately £700-£800 pounds
11 Aili Liu, , et al.. "Soundscape and its Influence on Tourist Satisfaction." The Service Industries Journal 38, no. 3-4
(02, 2018):
12 Aili Liu, , et al.. "Soundscape and its Influence on Tourist Satisfaction." The Service Industries Journal 38, no. 3-4
(02, 2018):
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after receiving various offers and discounts from various hotels or accommodation
choices. All the locations of Cornwall can be accessed by families, elderly and person
with disabilities and the tourism board of Cornwall ensures that there are adequate
services and amenities for people with disabilities in all the locations of Cornwall. The
hotels and other accommodation options provide unique customer experiences to the
tourists thus making their trip to Cornwall, an unforgettable one. The hotels provides
services such as welcome all servicers, personalised food and dining experiences for
couples, customized food and drinks experiences for tourist celebrating their special
events and occasion. In addition to these services, the hotels and other accommodation
options also provides top quality customer services to the visitors. 13The activities which
are associated with visiting in Cornwall for the British family are sightseeing,
educational, cultural and heritage experiences, shopping, entertainment, leisure pursuits
and health and well-being.
Task 2
The latest quarterly data for overall UK indicates that the visit from overseas residents to the UK
in the third quarter of 2018 was down by 3% to 10.8 Million compared to third quarter of 2017.
It was also noticed that the spending by overseas visitors in the UK during third quarter was
down by 15% compared to third quarter in 2017 at £7.2 billion but still destinations in UK are
very popular among tourists14.
13Timothy H Jung,., . Ineson M Elizabeth, and Miller. Amanda "The Slow Food Movement and Sustainable Tourism
Development: A Case Study of Mold, Wales." International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research 8,
no. 4 (2014)
14 Asunur Cezar, and Ögüt Hulisi. "DO DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL CUSTOMERS BEHAVE ALIKE
IN ONLINE HOTEL BOOKING?" Journal of Electronic Commerce Research 15, no. 3 (2014)
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Fig: UK visitor Statistics in 2018
Source- United Kingdom Tourism Report (2018)
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Fig: Visitor spending in UK in 2018
Source- United Kingdom Tourism Report (2018)
1. London- There are numerous features and facilities which are responsible for attracting
inbound and domestic tourists to London making it a popular tourist destination around
the world. London is located in the southeast part of England along the river Thames15.
One of the main reason behind the popularity of London as a destination is that it is well
connected to other parts of the country as well as the world. London has six major
15 Oliveri, et al.. "Measuring Tourist Satisfaction through a Dual Approach: The 4Q Methodology." Social Indicators
Research (10, 2018):
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airports namely London City airport, London Heathrow airport, London Southend
airport, London Luton airport, London Stansted airport and London Gatwick airport
which ensures that London is well connected to others parts of UK and to the world.
Besides air connectivity London is also connected to other parts of the country through
effective road and rail network.16 London is well connected to other parts of the UK
through convenient train, bus and cab services making it a popular destination for the
travellers. The natural features of London includes London Wetland centre, Rainham
Marshes natural reserve, Epping forests, Thames river, Green park, Kensington gardens,
St James Park, The Regent’s Garden, Greenwich Park, Hyde Park, Bushy Park, Eel Pie
Island, Lee Valley Park, Queen’s Park and Brockwell Park. The built attraction in
London comprises of the London Eye, Tower of London, Buckingham Palace, Sea Life
London, Madame Tussauds Museum, St. Paul’s Cathedral, The Shard, London Dungeon,
London Museum and Westminster Abbey. There are a variety of accommodation options
which are available in London which includes bed and breakfast hotels, family hotels,
self-catering hotels, homestay and hostels. There are several other facilities which are
offered by London which helps in attracting a large number of domestic and inbound
tourists which includes food and drink facilities in rooftop bars, quirky restaurants and
traditional pubs, entertainment facilities such as visit to Warner Bros. studio, shopping
facilities such as shopping centres, departmental stores, shopping areas and clothes and
fashion shops, night life facilities such as night tours, pubs and bars, casinos, bowling
alleys, cabaret, karaoke and theatre performances. 17There are also various other features
which are relevant to the destination such as Wimbledon, Ashes cricket match, winter
run, Chinese new year and various other cultural and arts events which take place in
London throughout the year.
16 Lee. Cheng-Fei, "Tourist Satisfaction with Factory Tour Experience." International Journal of Culture, Tourism
and Hospitality Research 9, no. 3 (2015):
17 Vikki. Schaffer, "Satisfying Service Needs without Compromising Culture." International Journal of Culture,
Tourism and Hospitality Research 10, no. 3 (2016): 283-295.
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2. Lake District- 18There are numerous features and facilities which help in attracting
inbound tourists and domestic tourists to the destination. The Lake District is the largest
national park located in the north-west corner of England and there are various activities
which are associated with the location which helps in attracting both domestic and
inbound visitors. There are various transport options which are available for reaching
Lake District which includes public transport options by trains and buses and by bike.
The trains offer the facility to the tourists to carry their bike along with them in the train.
Lake District is by car either through personal car, or by renting a car or by sharing a car
with other tourists. The Lake District can also be reached by air with the nearest airport
being Manchester to the south and Glasgow to the north. In the coming days. The Lake
District Airport will be opened for the public offering flights from Dublin, Belfast and
London Southend airport. There are numerous natural attractions in Lake District such as
Easedale tarn, Derwentwater, Buttermere, Old man of Coniston, Tarn Hows, Lake
Windermore, Loughrigg Fell, Aira Force, Whinlatter Forest Park, Grizedale Forest,
Coniston water, Ullswater, Helvellyn and Helm Crag. There are also various built
attractions which are popular in Lake District such as Muncaster Castle, Lowther Castle
and Garden, Castle Crag, Sizergh castle, Furness Abbey, Kendal Castle, Penrith Castle,
Claife viewing station and Manjushri Kadampa meditation centre. 19There are various
types of accommodation facility which is available in Lake District for the tourists which
includes hotels, holiday cottages, log cabins and lodges, camping barns, country house
hotels, country inns, bed and breakfast, luxury hotels, spa hotels, camping sites, glamping
and camping pods, wild camping, caravan sites and Hostels and bunkhouses. The Lake
District offers a wide range of facilities to the inbound and domestic tourists in the form
of sports and leisure, health and well-being and educational facilities. 20There are various
country shows and festivals which occurs in Lake District at various times of the year
such as Kendall mountain festival, Lakes alive, Loweswater show, Ings Sheepdog trials,
Hawkheads show. 21The Lake District is a popular tourist destination among the tourists
18 Jennifer Kim Lian Chan,. "Multi Methods and Triangulation Approach to Researching Tourists' Experiences and
Satisfaction."Academic Conferences International Limited, 06, 2014.
19 Dimitrios Stylidis, and Cherifi Barbora. "Characteristics of Destination Image: Visitors and Non-Visitors' Images
of London." Tourism Review of AIEST - International Association of Scientific Experts in Tourism 73, no. 1 (2018)
20Gavin. Jackson, "UK Tourism Booms as Weak Pound Draws Visitors." FT.Com (Apr 05, 2017).
21 Soldić. Frleta, Daniela "SHIFTS IN TOURISTS' ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE DESTINATION
OFFERING." Tourism and Hospitality Management 24, no. 2 (12, 2018)
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who seek for adventurous and thrilling experiences and who seek to enjoy the purity of
nature.
3. Cornwall- There is numerous features and facilities which help in attracting inbound
tourists and domestic tourists to Cornwall making it a popular coastal destination in UK.
Cornwall is located in Southwestern England. Cornwall is connected to other parts of the
country through various modes of transport such as by train, by road, by coach and buses
and by air. There are high speed train services to Cornwall from various parts of England
such as London, Bath and Bristol. Cornwall is also connected to rest of England by road
networks. There are various motorways which connects Cornwall to rest of England such
as from London, Manchester, Exeter, Plymouth and Saltash. There are multiple coaches
and buses which connects Cornwall to the rest of England. There are coaches and bus
services from nearly every part of the country to Cornwall which are mostly operated by
tour operators. The Cornwall airport is connected to various parts of UK and he world
with flight services around UK, Ireland, Germany, Denmark, Portugal and Spain. There
are various natural attractions present in Cornwall which helps in attracting a large
number of tourists which includes Godrevy, Portreath Beah, Trebarwith Strand Beach,
Porthgwidden beach, Cornish Coastal Path, Cornwall coast path, South West Coast Path,
Rocky Valley.22 There are also various built attractions which also helps in attracting both
domestic and inbound tourists such as Coastal Valley Camp, Newquay Zoo, Porfell
wildlife park and sanctuary, Screech owl sanctuary, Tamar Otter and wildlife centre and
Lanhydrock House and Garden. There are a variety of accommodation options which are
available for the tourists in Cornwall which includes Hotels, Self-catering and resort
facilities, breakfast and bed facilities and Holiday parks and camping. 23There are various
facilities which are offered by Cornwall to its visitors which include sports and leisure
facilities, shopping facilities, health and well-being facilities and educational facilities.
From the analysis of the above tourist destinations in UK, it can be stated that various tourist
destinations focuses on addressing the differing needs of domestic and inbound visitors by
22 Business Monitor International, United Kingdom Tourism Report - Q3 2014. Business Monitor International,
London: 2014
23 Lynn Beard "Re-Conceptualising the Host: The Role of Broker-Host Networks in the Ordering of Tourism."
Order No. 10301417, University of Surrey (United Kingdom), 2016.
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increasing product and service offerings at tourist destinations. 24As the needs of the tourists are
varying in nature and their traveling purpose are different, therefore, tourist destinations should
increase product and service offerings so that it address needs of every kinds of visitor visiting
the destination. For example a particular tourism destination should be able to satisfy leisure and
entertainment needs of the tourists as well as should be able to address health and well-being
needs of tourists along with their educational needs. In order to identify the gaps regarding the
expectations of the tourists, the tourism development bodies should focus on collecting tourist
responses in the form of feedbacks which will help in proper understanding of tourist satisfaction
regarding a destination.
Conclusion
From the above report it is clear and evident that the travel and tourism industry is one of the
most prospective sectors in UK and it contributes a major percentage to towards its economy. It
can be even stated that there exists different needs among different tourists based on their
scenario such as needs of inbound and domestic visitors are different and it depends on their
purpose of visit. Hence, various facilities and features are offered by the various tourist
destinations in UK to meet different visitor needs and travel interest which helps in enhancing
the travel and tourism sector in UK.
24 Anupama Sharma,. "Medical Tourism: Opportunities and Challenges for Health Care and Tourism
Industry." Productivity 53, no. 4 (Jan, 2013)
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