Tourism Impacts and Sustainability in London

This assignment examines the tourism industry's influence on London, highlighting both its benefits and drawbacks. It explores the economic growth generated by tourism, job creation, and revenue opportunities. However, it also delves into the negative aspects such as environmental strain, cultural impact, and potential social issues. The report further discusses government initiatives aimed at managing and promoting sustainable tourism practices in the city.

Travel and Tourism sector

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1 ...........................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Historical developments in the travel and tourism sector in the United Kingdom..........1
1.2 The structure of the travel and tourism sector within United Kingdom..........................2
TASK 2 ...........................................................................................................................................3
2.1 Analyse the function of government, government sponsored bodies and international
agencies in travel and tourism................................................................................................3
2.2 Local and national economic policy influencing the success of the travel and tourism. .4
................................................................................................................................................4
2.3 The implications of political change on the travel and tourism sector in different countries.
................................................................................................................................................5
TASK 3 ...........................................................................................................................................5
3.1 Factors affecting tourism demand in London...................................................................5
3.2 Changes in supply to meet the effects of demand for tourism related products and........7
services in London.................................................................................................................7
TASK 4 ...........................................................................................................................................8
4.1 The main positive and negative economic, environmental and social impacts of tourism8
on London. ............................................................................................................................8
4.2 Various strategies needs to be adopted in order to minimise the negative impacts and
maximising the positive impacts of tourism. .........................................................................9
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................10
.............................................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................10
Books and Journals ..............................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
In this report the development of Travel and Tourism within the UK has
been described in brief which includes the structure of travel and tourism sector
within the UK. The Travel and tourism sector is one of the most effective industry
within a economy of a nation(Becker,2016). This reports identify and determine
the various functions performed by the government bodies in order to promote the
tourism industry. The various policies of the government affecting the travel and
tourism sector has been included within this report. Furthermore, The study will
determine the various techniques and strategies which can be adopted by the
tourism industry for overcoming the negative issues, economic, environmental and
social impacts on tourism business. Moreover, There are wide range of tourism
elements and activities which are been described in the following report.
TASK 1
1.1 Historical developments in the travel and tourism sector in the United
Kingdom.
In the early 19th century, The Grant tour was expedited by the Upper class
Britishers, This gave rise to new aspects of the travel and tourism industry. The
Travel and Tourism sector has been changing since a long period. It has achieved a
great growth and improvement as well as increased the large number of travellers
across the world. The major developments in the Tourism and travel industry are
the technologies, Improved services, Better accommodations facilities, developed
social condition etc. The Travel and tourism is the fastest growing and developing
industry in the UK market(Clift and Page,2015). The people are using the travel
and tourism services at a very high rate in today's world, Number of tourists are
also increasing day by day due to increase in population. People are seen to be
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travelling more due to the changing trends as well as demand the tourism industry
is growing with a high rate.
In today's world the tourists or travellers needs effectiveness and efficiency
in their travelling or trips, the various tourism and travel partners offers them the
assistance in planning and travelling the entire trip. Earlier, there were no
technologies such as online booking, mobile application which can help a traveller
to travel but due to the growth and development of the technology, Tourism
industry has completely changed the travelling choices of the people. The
Travellers can effectively choose various option online or on different mobile
applications which is very easy and cost effective a well as time saving. The
Customers can also choose the best options for their trip such as flights, hotels etc
under their budget in a quick and easy way(AlSayyad,2013).
1.2 The structure of the travel and tourism sector within United Kingdom.
The Tourism and Travel sector has drastically transformed its structure till
now. There are various creative and new ideas which are included in the evolving
structure of the tourism sector. These new ideas and techniques consists roles of
government organisation, transport. Travel agents, accommodations and the
channels of distribution in the Travel and Tourism industry. These various
components have completely changed the structure or framework of the Travel and
Tourism industry. The Government has played an important role in the changes
within the Tourism industry, various laws and regulations that are imposed on the
Travel and tourism sectors have impacted the tourism practices(Eugenio and
Inchausti,2016) There are mainly six elements in the structure of the tourism
industry which are as follows -
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Attraction – There are wide number of attractions within the UK such as natural
resources, wildlife etc which attracts the tourists and contribute in the growth
of the tourism industry.
Transport – The Transportation is a major element in travelling the modes of
transport like airports, railways and road transport.
Travel agents – The Travel agencies helps the tourists in planning a most effective
trip by offering various holiday packages to the customers(Lashley and
Morrison,2013).
Tourism Development and Tour operators.
These six elements have affected the travel and tourism industry with a high rate.
The Government has started supporting the travel and tourism industry by
promoting the tourism sector, the attraction, transport facilities etc. This resulted in
the complete transformation of the Tourism industry and helped it to develop as
well as grow. The Economy is highly affected by the Travel and tourism sector
which is the main reason government is showing major interest in the growth and
development of the Travel industry.
TASK 2
2.1 Analyse the function of government, government sponsored bodies and international
agencies in travel and tourism.
It have been noticed that there are different facilities that have been increasing with that
with the help of technological advancement, different organisation and country are able to serve
the best services to the tourist. But it is very significant for the government to interfere in the
different activities of tour and travel so that they can flourish the travel industry at the grater
extent. Government bodies and government plays very significant role in the different operations
of the tour and travel industry.
Strategic decision: They are trying to make such effective strategic decision which helps them
to enhance the customer base for the tourism and different attraction in the UK.
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Making effective policies: With that they are also making effective economic policies which
give huge benefits to the tour and travel organisation as well as to the customers(Webster and
Ivanov,2014).
Providing services: With that they are trying to give such services to the customers which helps
them to motivate in order to visit the different attraction. They also make attractive holiday plans
for the different destination in the UK so that people can select the UK for their holiday.
Enhancing infrastructure: With that government is also focusing on the different aspects of the
infrastructure such as performing all the function in effective way so that it can strengthening the
economic aspects of the country, can enhance the social condition of the country, showing the
different culture and tradition of the UK in all over the world. Other than that different
governmental industries are also helping to make the revolution changes in the infrastructure of
the country. Thus, it can be said that government interference helping a lot to all the tour and
travel organisation of the country. This is because they have a vision to do so and have
competitive market intelligence which can help the different organisation to grow.
2.2 Local and national economic policy influencing the success of the travel and tourism
.
The Local and national economic policies or regulations play a important role in the success of
Tourism sector within a country. The governments implicate various economic policies that
affect the travel and tourism industry directly as well as indirectly. The Government focuses on
destination marketing by keeping separate fund for increasing the number of visitors and
expenditure of the travellers per person. The process of funding helps and contributes in the
development of the different tourist destinations which is leading to the growth of the travel and
tourism industry. There are many other economic policies that are influencing the tourism sector
such as immigration and visa policies within a country. The taxes on accommodations, food,
travelling, infrastructure development, foreign investment etc are controlled and managed by the
government.
The Government is introducing various development projects and policies to contribute
in the development of both public as well as private sector. These includes the development of
transportation, roads, airports etc. The development of a country's infrastructure is attracting
tourist around the world, this results in the growth and development of the Travel and tourism
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industry of a particular country. The Government of each and every country is now aware that
tourism sector can helps to improve the economy of the country, therefore they are supporting
travel and tourism industry for the economic development of their nation.
2.3 The implications of political change on the travel and tourism sector in different countries.
The changes are very normal in tourism as well as politics of an country. Tourism and
Public have a great relationship, policies imposed by the government are influencing travel and
tourism industry of an nation. If the political parties changes they also change the policies and
regulations. There are various factors such as pressure on fair trade, reduction of poverty by
tourism states the grown connection between the politics and tourism sector. The social and
political environment of an country highly affect the tourist and their willingness to travel to that
country. The Tourists are attracted to the areas where the political and social environment is
peaceful so that they can enjoy their quality time. Therefore, the political factors or politics
affect the overall travel and tourism industry of an nations as well as transform it at various
levels. The changes within the political factors and elements causes a great impact on the
tourism industry, if political and social environment of a country is favourable to the tourists or
travellers it will give rise to the tourism economy and if the environment is unfriendly than it
will negatively affect the tourism sector of the country.
TASK 3
3.1 Factors affecting tourism demand in London.
There are various factors and elements that are affecting the tourism demand in
various places around the world, it can be directly or indirectly. The various
factors influencing the demand of tourism in London are as mentioned below -
Natural disasters – A Natural disaster can cause a great negative impact on the
tourism industry of an place. The most effective example of this is the ash
cloud in the year 2011, that forced to cancel and delay many flights. These
causes a great loss to the airlines as well as tourists. There are many other
disasters such as earthquakes which leads to a negative impact on the demand
of tourism within the entire UK.
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Terrorism – The Bombings in the year 2005 at London have created security and
safety a major issue or problem for the tourists. There were many terrorists
attack faced by London, that leads to a security concern for the tourist and
negatively affected the tourism industry of the country. Due to increase in
tourism or tourists London has become a major destination and also a target for
the terrorists to harm the society or people in a high rate. Therefore, tourists are
hesitating in travelling to the places which are more likely to be get attacked by
terrorist
Supply Factors – London also have many positive factors which has affected the
demand of tourism in positive way such as the Supply factors. The changes in
the supply of transportation elements have increased the demand of tourism in
London. Various modes of travelling or supply such as Increased capacity of
transport, Improved quality of transport provision and monetary changes for
using various modes of transport has drastically attracted the tourists to choose
London as a travelling destination. Therefore, the improved supply factors
have rapidly increased the demand of tourism in London.
Government policies and Support – Another factor that has increased the
demand of travel and tourism of London is the effective and supportive
policies(Serre and Chevalier,2012). The UK Government consider the tourism
in London the most effective element in the economy of the country and in
order to maintain and develop the source of economy they have implemented
various policies and regulations that support the tourism industry. There are
parking policies, privatisation, small and medium size companies which can
attract the tourists by offering effective products and services are greatly
supported by Government.
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These all factors greatly affect the demand of the tourism in London both in a
negative as well as positive way.
3.2 Changes in supply to meet the effects of demand for tourism related products
and
services in London.
There are various supply modes and transportation choices in a country that
can affect the tourism industry in that particular country or area. The improvement
or development of those supply factors is very essential to meet the demand of
tourism services and products. The increase in demand of tourism in London has
increased the requirement of different resources for producing the products or
services used involved in the travel an tourism industry(Law,2010). The demand
of resources also increase in the supply of the same. Therefore, the UK
government is focusing on various changes in the supply factors to fulfil the
demand of resources and tourism elements, products and services. Tourism
industry now requires a effective and enhanced telecommunication network,
Accommodations, Increased capacity within transportation and development of
tourism agencies or offices. The UK government is highly considering these all
elements and has introduced various changes in all the different elements to
develop the supply factors in a effective way(Lennon,2003).
 Cost reduction in transportation
 Increasing transportation capacity
 Increasing effectiveness and efficiency in transportation modes.
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TASK 4
4.1 The main positive and negative economic, environmental and social impacts of
tourism
on London.
Economic effects
 Positive – There are various economic factors of Tourism which are
positively affected in London. Tourism sector leads to job generation which
results in growth of the economy. The Jobs generated by the travel and
tourism industry helps the country to generate revenue such as transportation
taxes, tax on services have a great impact on the economy in London.
 Negative – Many a times the tourism dependent areas or places are affected
by various disasters such as terrorism which causes a loss of infrastructure
and leads to loss of economy.
Social Effects
 Positive effects – The tourism industry give rise to social and culture values
of various countries or nations. The tourist travel around the world sharing
and experiencing different cultures and values which leads to a preservation
of the cultural values and people can understand as well as value
multinational cultures across the world.
 Negative effects – Not all people behaves or react equally, there are some
countries which does not accept or value each other's culture or values due
to various conflicts the tourists does not want to get into these social or
cultural wars and this results in the negative impact on the society and
country(Lynch and et. al.,2011).
Environmental effects
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 Positive effects – The Tourism industry focuses on conserving the various
natural resources and wildlife in order to attract the tourists. The Tourism
industry generates funds to save these natural resources which has a positive
impact on the environment of a country.
 Negative Effects – Due to increase in the population and tourist the
environment is also getting negatively affected. Various activities of the
tourists such wastage of resources, waste disposal etc is creating a harm to
the environment.
4.2 Various strategies needs to be adopted in order to minimise the negative
impacts and maximising the positive impacts of tourism.
The Government authorities can implement various plans and strategies in
order to minimize the negative impacts and maximising the positive impacts of
tourism, These strategies are as described below -
 Promotion of Tourism – The UK government should use effective marketing
strategies in order to promote the travel and tourism industry. The Tourism
industry needs to implement effective plans for balancing the income and
expenses which is important to develop a strong economy.
 Social programs and campaign – The Government needs to encourage the
social and cultural awareness among the people. This can help in creating a
healthy and friendly social environment for the tourist and will help in
reducing the negative impacts of the tourism on society and culture(Lima
and Martins,2012).
 Environmental awareness – The Tourists should be given special guidelines
to take care of the environment or natural resources in order conserve them.
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CONCLUSION
The above study concluded that the tourism and travel sector in a leading
industry in terms of growth and development. Tourism industry is generating job
opportunities and revenue for a UK. The study also describes the negative as well
as positive impact of the tourism industry on London. Furthermore, The report
identifies various changes occurred in the tourism sector and the government's role
in the growth and development of the same.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Becker, E., 2016. Overbooked: the exploding business of travel and tourism. Simon and
Schuster.
Clift, S. and Page, S., 2015. Health and the International Tourist (Routledge Revivals).
Routledge.
AlSayyad, N., 2013. Consuming tradition, manufacturing heritage: global norms and urban
forms in the age of tourism. Routledge.
Eugenio-Martin, J.L. and Inchausti-Sintes, F., 2016. Low-cost travel and tourism
expenditures. Annals of Tourism Research,57, pp.140-159.
Webster, C. and Ivanov, S., 2014. Transforming competitiveness into economic benefits: Does
tourism stimulate economic growth in more competitive destinations?.Tourism
Management, 40, pp.137-140.
Lashley, C. and Morrison, A., 2013. In search of hospitality. Routledge.
Law, P., 2010. The influence of the types of NAS provisions and gifts hospitality on auditor
independence. International Journal of Accounting and Information Management.
18(2). pp.105–117.
Le Serre, D. and Chevalier, C., 2012. Marketing travel services to senior consumers. Journal of
Consumer Marketing. 29(4). pp.262–270.
Lennon, J., 2003. Tourism Statistics: International Perspectives and Current Issues. Cengage
Learning EMEA.
Lima, J. and Martins, A., 2012. Mobility among Latin American migrants: The case of
Bolivians in São Paulo and Brazilians in London. Employee Relations. 34(6). pp. 594–
612.
Lynch, P. and et. al., 2011. Theorizing hospitality. Hospitality & Society. 1(1). pp.3-24.
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